Project finance is not the same thing as "financing project " because the project may be financed in many different ways. Traditionally, the large scale public sector project in the developed country were financed by public sector debt, Private sector were financed by large companies raising the corporate loan. But in developing country project were generally financed by the government borrowing from the international banking market world bank such as world bank, throgh export credit.
The social cost benefit analysis of Delhi Metro has been already done by of economic growth the people of institute. They tried to measure all the benefit Provided by Delhi Metro Such as reduction in pollution, Time Saving to Passenger, reduction in accident,
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• Its financial internal rate of return was estimated at 17% and economic rate of return is 24%.
• The estimated net present social benefit of the metro at 2016-2017prices and the 10% social time preferance rate for the indian economy was 2.76 million.
• The social rate of return on investment in metro was calculated at
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These old track cause many serious railway accident. The running time of train is increased while in other country it is decreased.
ISSUES OF DELHI METRO
There are many problems stills faced by the people of Delhi and employees who travel to the metro on regular basis and some of the problems faced by the people are mention as below
• Delhi Metro service disrupted due to snag. This is generally due to the damage of an overhead wire, Which led to overcrowding across station and clean.
• Track Circuit Failure Delays the Delhi Metro Services.
• No salary is being paid by Delhi Metro from last 9 months to their 1600 workers. So the workers went on the strike but now this problem has been solved.
• There is to many people travels at a peak time. It become very rushy and people is not able to reach on time to their offices.
• Since the Fare of Delhi Metro rises the number of Ridership has been reduced.With the increase in fare Delhi Metro starts loosing their customers.
• Some times the AC in the Metro does not work properly. Specially when there is rush people have to face lot of
My first key highlight of the ‘trusty and reliable’ service would have to be that the metro timetable is extremely un-reliable and outdated due to the metros un-weary maintenance service and their ‘caring’ service schedules i.e. in the middle of Christmas when sales are taken place. Their timetables placed at the ‘lavish’ metro stations are outdated and outlandish as the timetables don’t even represent the actual daily schedule of the metros and that the timetables don ‘t correspond with anything related
The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is not the best method of transportation in the city of Toronto, because it’s unreliable, inconvenient, and unsanitary. First of all, the TTC is unreliable because of many delays. The TTC buses often come late and there are many subway breakdowns and signal problems. These problems can cause longer wait times and result in the rider being late. Additionally, the TTC is inconvenient because it is difficult for the rider to get to his or her destination without a few transfers. In addition, there are very few direct routes and limited area coverage. For example, there are some areas where passengers have to walk long distances just to get to the bus stop. These problems can result in many transfers and cause
...nlike city’s taxi cabs do. Whereas the “Tube” joy ride can be experience for only $2.25; in contrast to taxi cabs, where they will charge you somewhere between $10-$15.00 for a perilous ½ mile trip. On a personal note, I feel that subways are far from a rip-off. I mean how else one can get from Inwood Country Club to Rockaway Beach for less than the cost of a Starbucks latte the subways are far from a rip-off. Believe it or not, 30 years ago, the subway fare used to be just a $1. This fare is even lower than the average fare that we pay today for a 30 day unlimited metro card. If one does the math, that’s $1.96 in 2009 dollars. Today the 30 day unlimited metro card brings fare down to $1.25. Altogether, I consider the subways to be a profitable deal. I mean how else one can get from Inwood Country Club to Rockaway Beach for less than the cost of a Starbucks latte?
Transportation systems are what support the high levels of accumulation and concentration within cities. The bigger the city, the more complex its urban problems are if not properly managed. The largest transportation problems occur when public transportation systems fail to fulfill the many requirements of urban mobility. Urban efficiency is highly dependent on its transportation systems to move consumers, labor, and goods from one point to another. The most outstanding urban transportation issues in the United States are: traffic congestion, longer commuting, inadequacy of public transport, green transportation difficulty, and good distribution (Rodrigue).
When you encounter a city such as Chicago, it is practically impossible to avoid CTA and Metra trains. From short store errands to long journeys home, the CTA is there as your personal downtown car. If you do not have enough money to put into owning a car or simply do not want to put up with trying to find parking in the congested city, the CTA is there for you. Where more people to use the CTA, the amount of gas polluting the earth would significantly decrease the pollution levels in Chicago. Since there aren't as many cars on the road, it not only decreases the carbon monoxide leaking from cars but the amount of cars on the road, which also decreases the amount of people on the road. Numerous laws state how using the CTA could benefit people in Chicago overall. These are just some of the reasons Metra and the CTA has impacted everything from population to economics and even political and environmental issues.
Public transportation is an essential part of a city. A good public transit can encourage a city’s economic activities and can provide its citizen a convenient life. Does our Phoenix public transit work well? Does it provide sufficient service to the citizen? From my experience, the answer is no. This November I tried to attend the popular State Fair in Phoenix. However, I found that there were not any buses or metros could take me to the fair directly. It means I need 2 hours or more spend on the public transits. As the sixth most populous city nationwide (“Phoenix Quick Fact” 1), compared with Los Angeles and other big cities in America, Phoenix’s public transportation is indeed subpar. Due to Los Angeles has 154 bus lines and 30 metros (“Schedule”), New York has 316 bus lines and 28 subways(“Maps & Timetables”), while Phoenix only has 98 bus lines, and the number of metro line is only one! (“Route Schedules & Maps”) The problem is
In Hong Kong, public transit serves more than 90% of daily trips, and among them 40% are from the metro system, the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) (Wu, 2009). First built in late 1970s, MTR has a daily ridership of 5.6 million passengers and total revenue of HK$35.7 billion in 2012 (MTR, 2012). Until now, the system has 11 lines, 84 stations and a total route length of 218.2 km with an average fare of HK$7.1 per trip (MTR, 2012). It runs 7 days a week, from early 5 a.m. in the morning to 1a.m. the next day. The MTR has become an indispensable part of residences’ lives in Hong Kong.
Transportation affects every aspect of our lives and daily routine, including where we live, work, play, shop, go to school, etc. It has a profound impact on residential patterns, industrial growth, and physical and social mobility. Roads, highways, freeways and mass transit systems do not spring up out of thin air. They are planned. Someone makes a conscious decision to locate freeways, bus stops, and train stations where they are built. Transportation is no less a civil rights and quality of life issue. Safety and accessibility are the most significant considerations in transportation planning. Zoning and other practices of exclusion result in limited mobility for poor people and those concentrated in central cities.
Transport is a political factor as it is controlled and affected by legislation. This will impact on the staff and opponents (travelling to the stadium) as the accessibility of transport will impact on travelling times – both positively (may avoid traffic on a train e.g.) and negatively (trains, buses etc. may be cancelled or delayed). The price of transportation will also affect the mode of transport that these groups of people may use. Similarly, price and accessibility of transport will affect the consumers also. The view that consumers hold on transport, therefore, is likely to impact on the business i.e. effort to travel, money to travel etc. as this will influence how often they will visit, what they will spend during their visit etc. According to (Mintel 2011,) the amount of people using train as a mode of transport is on the rise, mea...
Public transportation in cities was created to make it easy and cheap for people to get from point A to point B without the use of a car of their own. However, in many U.S. cities, the public transportation that is active is failing to do its job for many of the people who need it the most. Public transportation is not necessarily unavailable in a sense that it is not there, but unavailable because of poor maintenance and lack of funding. This is negatively impacting underserved communities within these cities. To narrow down the grand scale of public transportation issues, I have taken a closer look at the public transportation problems that we
Furthermore, the high-speed rail network could mean twenty-nine million fewer car trips and 500,000 fewer plane flights annually, according to a 2006 study ...
Most of cities that people live are sequentially growing, daily routine of many people are also adapted for surrounding in the present. A lot of people have to spend most of their time with travelling though long distances to get from one place to another for connecting their businesses or other purposes by transportation. Most people use public transportation such as BTS and MRT to go each places while many people are using their own cars to travel. Thereby, both transportations have the same destination that is taking and moving people. People can choose vehicles from alter reasons depend on how people are responded to their needs by public transportation and private car that are different in convenience of travelling, expenditure of money and security of travel.
people work in the center of the city and also there is another problem, city attractions for
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
Rail transportation is a transportation in which for movement of people and goods which from one location to another destination. Rail had been takes the important role in physical and economic development of town and cities in a country and it was developed over the world. Rail transport can be made a property value in a country increase and it must be needs improvement in transportation network expanding (Goldberg, 1970). Thus, the railway services need to be done with continuous improvement and it is important to the rail passengers of the range and quality of facilities and service on stations and trains (Gleave, S. D., 2000). The future development to a public transportation is a key to affect