Dark energy what is it? Dark energy is a unknown energy said to take up 70 percent of the universe. The energy is a repulsive gravitational effect that is causing the universe to accelerate out-ward. No one knows exactly what dark energy is or where it comes from.
Dark Energy is a new idea. Little is known about dark energy, yet it takes up a huge amount if the universe.
Scientist were able to show the universe was expanding at an accelerated rate by measuring the red-shift of an object by comparing the spectral lines of the elements and the spectral lines of the same elements measured in a lab. The more distant the objects that emit light the brighter the spectral lines. In 1998 scientist observed that the supernovas are becoming dimmer, which means they are getting closer instead of farther away.
They were able to show that dark energy has an influence on light particles and photons. When a photon passes a galaxy it falls into the gravitational pull, and the dark energy because it repulses gravity makes the photon pass right through the galaxy with even more energy than when it entered. These findings make dark energy completely independent of the supernova observations.
Astronomers have found the first direct evidence of dark energy in the afterglow of the Big Bang, the radiation caused by the Big Bang called cosmic microwave background (CMB). The cosmi...
... with the rate at which the universe is accelerating, allows us to calculate how long it took for them to reach their current locations. The answer is about 14 billion years. The second method involves measuring the ages of the oldest star clusters. Globular star clusters orbiting our Milky Way are the oldest objects we have found and a detailed analysis of the stars they contain tells us that they formed about 13 billion years ago. The good agreement between these two very different methods is an encouraging sign that we are honing in on the universe’s true
Dark matter was first proposed by a man named Fitz Zwicky, who was observing a galaxy cluster, and noticed it was much more massive than to be expected, considering the cluster’s luminosity. Zwicky proposed something that he could not see was there, causing this; he dubbed this dark matter. However, Zwicky was ridiculed for this idea. In the 1960s, Kent Ford designed what is now called a spectrograph, a device that disperses electromagnetic radiation, making the radiation visible to the user. This innovation allowed Ford and Vera Rubin to observe the orbital speeds of stars and gases in galaxies from different distances from the central black hole of that galaxy. When doing so, Rubin observed that the Newtonian laws of gravity. The stars closer to the black hole should have been orbiting it at a more accelerated pace than the stars farther away, although this was not happening. Rubin then lead a team of astronomers to observe many galaxies, and in their observations, they noticed that the galaxies evidently had a form of invisible mass at work. The research team discovered spirals encapsulated in what appears to be dark matter. The mass of dark matter is believed to be far greater than the mass of visible matter in the universe. Dark matter is called dark matter for the reason that it does not appear to interact with regular matter in any form,
Overbye, D. (2014, March 17). Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun.The New York Times. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/18/science/space/detection-of-waves-in-space-buttresses-landmark-theory-of-big-bang.html?_r=0
Just recently a major discovery was found with the help of a device known as The Hubble Telescope. This telescope has just recently found what many astronomers believe to be a black hole, After being focuses on a star orbiting empty space. Several pictures of various radiation fluctuations and other diverse types of readings that could be read from that area which the black hole is suspected to be in.
There are still numerous possibilities and crossroads that have not been discovered but could create an energy
Astronomers are able to specify how much the universe is expanding by measuring this redshift from the spectrum of the supernova. By studying many supernova at different distances, astronomers can piece together a history of the expansion of the Universe. This expansion gave the astronomers the evidence that there is dark energy out there that cause the universe to expand.
Of all the galaxies in the entire Universe these are the closest to our galactic system. About 170,000 light-years away from the Milky Way galaxy lie the Large Magellanic Cloud. With only 15 billion young bright stars, it is just one-quarter the size of our own galaxy. During the winter of 1987, a Canadian astronomer, Ian Shelton, spotted the first naked eye supernova since 1604, the result of a massive explosion. No more exciting and scientifically significant event has occurred over the last decade in science than Supernova 1987A, as it is known. Photographs taken on the night of February 23, 1987, of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a companion galaxy to our own Galaxy, at Canada's southern hemisphere observatory at La Silla, Chile, and at the Siding Springs Observatory in Australia, revealed a 6th-magnitude object where only 12th-magnitude blue supergiant stars had been observed before. Scientists believe that the progenitor of Supernova 1987A is a typical blue supergiant of spectral type B3. Spectra taken in 1977 do not suggest anything unusual happening in the outer layers of the star prior to undergoing the supernova outburst. This is not surprising since the real changes were occurring deep inside in a relatively tiny portion of the star's radius. The Large Cloud is quite important because it is the location of this Supernova 1987A, the exploded star that for a time shone brightly but that is now dim and dead.
Dark matter is an invisible substance that makes up about 25% of the universe. Dark energy is the force that repels gravity which consists of about 70%. About 5% is the matter that we see today which includes stars and galaxies. Due to the fact that dark matter doesn’t interact with the electromagnetic force, dark matter doesn’t absorb, reflect or emit light. Dark energy doesn’t have local gravitational effects but it does affect the universe as a whole. The importance of dark matter and dark energy is that they make the majority of the mass in the universe. Dark matter and energy are important to how galaxies function and survive.
Accounts for the movement of stars and expansion of
Recent observations even seem to suggest that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Big Bang can be described as all space stretching everywhere all at once. The universe did not expand into anything, the space was just expanding into itself. The universe has no borders, by definition, there is no outside the universe. The universe is all there is. In this hot and dense environment, energy manifested itself into particles that only for the tiniest glimpses of time. From gluons, pairs of quarks were created which destroyed on another perhaps after giving off more gluons. These found other short-lived quarks to interact with forming new quark pairs and gluons again. Matter and energy were not just theoretically equivalent. It was so hot that they were practically the same
Many people can say that they have met a person who is very level-headed, law-abiding citizen who good to the people that are close to him. Many people also can say that they have met a person known and respected by the county . People can also say they are related to everyone in the town. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus’ character is portrayed to be the perfect fit for all of these roles (Lee 5-6). A deeper character analysis is needed to get truly understand this character, even if he is one of the main characters.
They tended to think galaxy as steady and static beacons of the sky but they are instead shimmering/flickering, cause by all the pulsating stars in the galaxies. Throughout their lives, stars experience momentous changes. They become brighter and surge in size, absorbing and destroying anything within its distance. Towards the end of their lifetime, they begin to quiver and pulsate, increasing and decreasing their illumination every few hundred days. Until now, no person had ever studied the way pulsating starts effect the light coming from distant galaxies, where the light of the pulsating stars is mixed with many more stars that have a more constant illumination. After sung the images from the Hubble telescope to confirm the change in brightness from Galaxy M87, they concluded that stars in that galaxy pulsate once, nearly every 270
Such as, the age of the universe. Before this telescope was made they would have never been able to determine when the “Big Bang” happened, as well as many other discoveries. This also helped them see how galaxies form. It has revealed extraordinary details about the process by which sun-like stars and their lives as planetary nebula. Also scientist are able to observe details of astronomical objects that had never been seen before. The very first image this telescope captured was the aftermath of Jupiter’s collision with a suspected comet. This also helped scientist discover how fast the universe is changing and the expansion of the universe has stretched its light farther than any other galaxy previously identified. Another big discovery was dark energy, which is a mysterious force that causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate. This is just the few discoveries this telescope has made. The amount of time spent with this telescope by scientist is unreal and proves how much they want to improve the science
Increasing our knowledge of Physics, using the scientific method to make observations and test hypotheses is essential to unlocking the secrets of the universe. Energy is one of the most fundamental elements of the universe. Throughout history, man has endeavored to expose, understand, and explain how and why things work. This drive to expand our understanding eventually led to the development of the scientific method and what is commonly considered to be the king of the sciences, Physics. The effects of energy on the physical world are of great interest to Physicists. The scientific method was developed during the seventeenth century. It is based on collaborative efforts of the great scientists and mathematicians who lived during that period such as Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilee, Johannes Kepler, and Rene’ Descartes. These men realized that true knowledge must be based on empirical observation and verified by experimentation. Recently, physicists have been searching for a unifying theory to bring all of the fields of Physics together under a single umbrella theory expressed as a short equation. This so called unifying field theory will usher in a new era in physics and greatly increase our understanding of the workings of the universe Physics is the king of science, and Sir Issac Newton is the king of Physics. Physics deals with matter, motion, force, and energy.
The universe, it's vastness, how it was created, and why we are a part of it amazes and astounds many people who are constantly searching for answers. Others believe they have the answers and try to persuade people to understand their view. Others don't even think about it at all.