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Stars formation and existence
Physics of stars
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Black Holes Every day we look into the night sky, wondering and dreaming what lies beyond our galaxy. Within our galaxy alone, there are millions upon millions of stars. This may be why it interests us to learn about all that we cannot see. Humans have known the existence of stars since they have had eyes, and see them as white glowing specks in the sky. The mystery lies beyond the white glowing specks we see but, in the things we cannot see in the night sky such as black holes. Before I begin to speak about black holes, I will have to explain what the white glowing specks in the sky are. Without a star a black hole could not be formed. In the beginning of a star life a hydrogen is a major part of its development. Stars form from the condensation of clouds of gas that contain hydrogen. Then atoms of the cloud are pulled together by gravity. The energy produced from the cloud is so great when it first collides, that a nuclear reaction occurs. The gasses within the star starts to burn continuously. The hydrogen gas is usually the first type of gas consumed in a star and then other gas elements such as carbon, oxygen, and helium are consumed. This chain reaction of explosions fuels the star for millions or billions of years depending on the amount of gases there are. Stars are born and reborn from an explosion of a previous star. The particles and helium are brought together the same way the last star was born. Throughout the life of a star, it manages to avoid collapsing. The gravitational pull from the core of the star has to equal the gravitational pull of the gasses, which form a type of orbit. When this equality is broken, the star can go into several different stages. Some stars that are at least thirty times larger than our sun can form black holes and other kinds of stars. Stars explode at the end of their lifetime, sometimes when they explode the stars leave a remnant of gasses and, dust behind. What the gasses come together to form depend on the size of the remnant. If the remnant is less than 1.4 solar masses it will become a white dwarf, a hot dead star that is not bright enough to shine. If the remnant is roughly 1.4 solar masses, it will collapse. “The protons and electrons will be squashed together, and their elementary particles will recombine to form neutrons”. What results from this reaction is called a neut... ... middle of paper ... ...evolve around our sun. Our sons’ gravitational force keeps our planets in their revolutions. Now imagine our son was a black hole. The black hole has the same characteristics of a star but you just can’t see it. So when scientists see a star revolving but, cannot see what is causing its evolution; This may be another sign that the star may be revolving around a black hole. Just recently a major discovery was found with the help of a device known as The Hubble Telescope. This telescope has just recently found what many astronomers believe to be a black hole, After being focuses on a star orbiting empty space. Several pictures of various radiation fluctuations and other diverse types of readings that could be read from that area which the black hole is suspected to be in. Bibliography 1, Jastow, Robert. Red Giants and White Dwarfs. Canada: George J. Mcleod,1990. 2, Alter Dinsmore, Cleminshaw H. Clarence, Philips G John. Pictorial Astronomy. United States: Sidney Feinberg, 1963. 3, Folger, T. In the black.1993,Jan 4, Internet, Black holes, Newton’s Apple, Public Televisions Family Science Show. 5, Internet, search black holes at ask.com
Starting with black holes, Khalili describes the creation of one. I found that a black hole is what remains when a massive star dies. Because stars are so massive and made out of gas, there is an intense gravitational field that is always trying to collapse the star. As the star dies, the nuclear fusion reactions stop because the fuel for these reactions gets burned up. At the same time, the star's gravity pulls material inward and compresses the core. As the core compresses, it heats up and eventually creates a supernova explosion in which the material and radiation blasts out into space. What remains is the highly compressed and extremely massive core. The core's gravity is so strong that even light cannot escape. This object is now a black hole and literally cannot be seen because of the absence of light. Because the core's gravity is so strong, the core sinks through the fabric of space-time, creating a hole in space-time. The core becomes the central part of the black hole called the singularity. The opening of the hole is called the event horizon. Khalili describes that there are two different kinds of black holes:
To first understand a black hole, you must understand how it is created. Most black holes are produced by dying stars that have a mass twenty times greater than our sun. A star eventually becomes a black hole because the energy and pressure pushing outward is overcome by gravity that pushes inward. For big stars, the gravity force causes a star to collapse under its own weight. The star then will explode as a supernova and some outer parts of the star are sent out into space.
...f gas, which collapsed and broke up into individual stars. The stars are packed together most tightly in the center, or nucleus. Scientists believe it is possible that at the very center there was too much matter to form an ordinary star, or that the stars which did form were so close to each other that they coalesced to form a black hole. It is argued that really massive black holes, equivalent to a hundred million stars like the Sun, could exist at the center of some galaxies
Black holes can be dangerous. They can be dangerous because they can suck anything up. There are large numbers of small stars being captured. They mostly grow from stars. The more they eat the bigger they get. This is how black holes grow (Science & Technology from the U).
Black holes are points in space where there are extreme gravitational pulls that prevent anything, including light, from escaping. The reason for such a strong gravitational pull is due to vast amounts of matter being contained in a small amount of space. Stellar black holes form from stars with a mass greater than 20 solar masses and can be a result of gravitational collapse. Gravitational collapse is a result of the star’s internal pressure not being able to resist the stars own gravity. When the star is exhausted of its nuclear fuel such that it cannot maintain a high enough temperature it will begin to collapse under its own weight (Seidel 2011). As the star collapses it causes a supernova which blasts the outer layers of the star into space while the core completely collapses under its own weight. If the remnant core left behind exceeds 3 solar masses there are no known forces that can prevent the core from completely collapsing into a black hole (p. 568 Bennett et al. 2013)
A Black hole is a theorized celestial body whose surface gravity is so strong that
A black hole is created from a sun going into a supernova. It starts in the middle of the sun. Its mass collapses on itself to create a super nova. Once the supernova happens ...
It is now believed that the origin of some black holes is nonstellar. Some astrophysicists suggest that immense volumes of interstellar matter can collect and collapse into supermassive black holes, such as are found at the center of some galaxies.
Stars are born within galaxies and are formed by gas and the collapse of dust clouds, called a nebula. The star’s main goal in life is to reach equilibrium which means that there is not a net overall change in the star. In a stable star, the gas pressure pushing out from the center is equal with the gravity pulling atoms inward to the center – when these...
Because one of the requirements for a black hole is a dense mass, it is only natural that they come from the death of a star. Stars go through a process called nuclear fusion that is what causes energy to be produced which results in light. The process of nuclear fusion uses hydrogen as fuel to keep the stars f...
Gravity is important in the formation of stars. A protostar, the earliest stage of a star, is formed from dust and gas from a nebula clumping together. The gravity pulling in is greater than the pressure pushing out. As more matter is pulled towards the core the temperature, pressure, and density increase. The gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy for individual gas particles. The gas particles crash into each and create thermal energy, heating the core. A critical temperature must be met for nuclear fusion to begin. If the temperature isn’t met then a dead star is created.
Black holes are usually formed after supernova explosions, in which the remnants of this explosion implodes within itself. It will continue to condense to a volume of zero and infinite density. This is known as a singularity.
Black holes are believed to be the result of the explosion of a very large star, at least 25 times larger than our own. When the star explodes, much of its matter is blown out into space, resulting in a supernova. However, some of it condenses into a black hole. The approximate mass of the resulting black hole is probably slightly larger than the mass of our sun. There are black holes of much larger sizes, however, and they are gener...
Shklovskii, Iosif S. Stars: Their Birth, Life, and Death. Moscow: Central Press for Literature in Physics and Mathematics, 1975.
When a bigger star falls in on itself it keeps going to make a stellar black hole (“Black Holes: Facts”). The biggest black hole also known as the supermassive black hole is believed to be in the center of every galaxy even in the Milky Way (“Black Holes: Facts”). Also supermassive black holes are millions to billions of time...