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Customer relationship management and customer loyalty
Relationship marketing and customer service
Customer Relationship Management Easy
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Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) is more focused on what happens after a customer is acquired. The goal is to develop a long-term customer relationship that benefits both the customer and the company. This summary will discuss the purpose of customer relationship marketing, the customer’s value versus the company’s value, strategies used to implement CRM, and review companies that have successfully implemented customer relationship marketing programs.
Purpose of CRM
Relationship marketing aims to build equally satisfying long-term relationships with key partners in order to earn and retain their business. The four main components are customers, employees, marketing partners, (i.e. suppliers, distributors, dealers) and financial partners (i.e. shareholders, investors) (Kotler & Keller, 2014). The outcome of relationship marketing is a company asset called marketing network. The marketing network consists of the company and supporting stakeholders with whom it has built mutually profitable
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It identifies customers by name, needs, and buying behavior. A business database marketing system must be able to customer’s buying habits, needs, and segment value proposition in order for this strategy to be implemented.(Best, 2013) American Express and United Airlines are two companies that have implemented the mass personalization strategy, successfully. American Express mission is to provide customers with access to products, insights, and experiences that enrich lives and build business success globally. They developed a mass personalization promotional program for its core segment in hopes of distinguishing the high-potential sub segment customers and were successful. United Airlines developed their Frequent Flyer Mileage program which allowed customers to extend their involvement with the company. Their goal was to personalize customer interaction by extending different levels of
Pelton, L. E., Strutton, D. & Lumpkin, J. R. 2002, Marketing channels: a relationship management approach. McGraw-Hill Irwin: Boston, p. 387.
Divide your target market into segments. Address how the markets will be segmented and how the CRM will allow you to retain your segmented markets.
“Consumers today is on the go, multitasking and reaching them is much more difficult than it used to be. Habits are changing high tech gadgets are a must and music and TV is dialed up on demand dictated by the consumers. Consumers are choosing how they want to interact with the environment on their turns. A trend that has created many challenges for companies that are seeking new customers. No longer do American Express has just a captive audience watching three networks or going to the mailbox as their only incoming source of information and correspondents. Consumers are choosing how they want to interface and interact. Marketers need to be where consumers want them. Consumers have various cards to choose from and repeat offers in the mailbox all over ruined with options and as a result, finding a good time to talk with marketers require more creativity. Today, there is too many messages, and American Express trying to figure out if anything getting through” (Kotler & Keller, n.d.).
United’s Marketing Determining the marketing strategy for a massive airline, like United Airlines, is fairly difficult and extremely complex. Why? Because each city, season, route, and time of day will have some minor to major difference in how the airline presents itself. The difficulty in marketing and advertising for an airline is harder than other industries because each airline is selling thousands of different products. At first glance, United is selling flights, and that seems to encompass one product.
American Express continues to attempt to expand its customer base, while at the same time trying to keep its reputation as a card of status. Its successful marketing tactics in the United States compared to the slow expansion into markets abroad show its lack of consideration of the differences of these markets. By preparing a more decisive plan as to what type of consumers to target and what products to push in each of its market areas, American Express could have a much greater success with foreign expansion.
...its competitors. -Hubbing: With hubbing, flights from various origins on spokes of the network are channelled through an intermediate location, where they change planes and are re-routed to their final destination. This way the airline can serve more locations with fewer planes. -Frequent Flyer programmes: These programmes provide discounts or bonuses to frequent travellers. The value of the bonuses increase as the mileage flown increase, the bonuses can take various forms such as, fare reductions, upgrades to better classes or even free tickets.
The marketing approach of Southwest Airlines is built upon their strong business model. They have successfully managed to target two specific market segments of the airline industry while remaining profitable. Their strategy is simple, to offer frequent non-stop flights with the lowest costs which appeal to both the business and budget travelers. By segmenting their target audience to specific demographics and ticket pricing, passengers know exactly what they are getting for the price they pay.
Southwest Airlines has effectively used a variety of promotional elements in its integrated marketing communications, making it one of America’s largest airlines with 3,300 flights a day to 72 domestic cities. Southwest Airlines has used all four possible elements of the promotion mix: advertising, public relations, personal selling, and sales promotion, but has focused primarily on advertising and public relations to add value to the product offered to customers. Its focus on advertising and public relations is directly related to its large size and it’s nationwide reach. Also, advertising and public relations are the most cost-efficient methods of promotion, and an airline as large as Southwest is forced to have promotional elements that benefit from economies of scale.
There is a belief that firms have a different marketing approach depending on if the firm is trading services or goods. Service firms are assumed to have a more relational approach where they manage the whole buyer-consumer communication process while the goods firms are transactional. The main purpose of this study is to find out how firms relate to their markets and what the relative emphasis of these firms on transactional and relational aspects of marketing are.The study distinguishes the firm type by the most dominant type of product offered and the most dominant of customer
Business-to-business companies are relationship driven. They are offering another company a product or service that the company should use to their benefit, and in order to sell this product or service, they have to build a strong, working relationship between the two businesses. B2B companies have to maximize the values of the marketing strategy: relationships and trust. In order to be successful, these two businesses must be able to trust each other, work together, and form a working relationship that will benefit both businesses in the end.
Hotel rooms, taxi services and one stop shop services would act as the customers ‘amazon for travelling’. MyRyanair account which some customers have signed up saves people’s personal preference that allows the company to predict the targeted services or products. Kenny Jacobs, the chief marketing officer says, “if a customer is travelling to Alicante with two children, we can offer them a five-seat car for hire.” Delta, a data-driven, self-styled airline is asking flight attendants to engage in interacting with five passengers who are members of their loyalty program, SkyMiles, on each domestic American flight. “You want to feel valued, we are getting thank-you notes from customers for acknowledging them on the aeroplane . . .
There are other ways in which airlines customers are segmented. The airline services are divid...
Both from the customer and the company point of view, each customer interaction is part of an iterative learning process (Ballantyne, 2004). Further, Yau et al. (2000) advocated that the relationships between business firms and its customers have been constantly encouraged as successful business practices worldwide. The strategy of relationship marketing is of high relevance particularly in the service industries because of the intangible nature of service and their high level of customer interaction (Al-Hersh, Aburoub, & Saaty, 2014). Relationship marketing is defined as the process of engaging in proactively creating, developing and maintaining committed, interactive and profitable exchanges with targeted customers (Haker, 1999). Furthermore, Gronroos (1990) asserted that relationship marketing is to establish, maintain, enhance and commercialise customer relationship so that the objectives of the parties involved are met which can be done by a mutual exchange and fulfillment of promises. Moreover, the implementation of the relationship marketing concept at the operational level refers to relationship marketing orientation (Hau & Ngo, 2012). Relationship marketing orientation indicates the firms’ philosophy of doing business concerning relationship building by propagating developing trust, empathy, bonding, and reciprocity between a firm and its customers (Sin et al., 2005a, b; Tse et al., 2004). Trust is an important element for a successful relationship between the firm and its customers (Berry, 1995). First, trust is an essential component for a successful relationship between the firm and its customers (Berry, 1995). Trust It refers to a willingness to rely on an exchange partner in whom one has confidence (Morgan & Hunt, 1994). Empathy, as a dimension of business relationship, enables the two parties to see the situation from
Buyer-supplier relationship established since human beings started to trade goods and services. The relationship developed naturally over time after buyer and supplier developed trust and friendship which was supported by quality of product and services (Wilson. D.T, 1995). The relational development is accelerated as firms attempt to improve their relationship to achieve company goals. At the same time, the expectations in the performance have increased, and this has making the satisfactory relationship became more difficult.
Customer relationship management is a cross-functional process to achieve a continuing dialogue with customers, across all their contact and access point, with personalized treatment of the most valuable customers and to ensure customer retention and the effectiveness of marketing initiatives. It is also provide the chance for customers to interact with the brand.