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Case study of humanistic therapy
Psychodynamic therapy and humanistic therapy alike
Case study of humanistic therapy
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“A Framework for Treating Cumulative Trauma With Art Therapy” by Kristina Naff examines the methodology of three art therapists working with clients who have undergone cumulative or multiple traumas. Naff collected qualitative data by conducting individual verbal interviews from three practicing art therapists who possessed proficiency in treating cumulative trauma. Naff asked the therapists for descriptions of their techniques, definition of cumulative trauma, and client's responses to directives they used during treatment. All three therapists used trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and found greater efficacy when they combined TF-CBT with art therapy. They agreed on using a humanistic and client-centered approach which
was informed by the client's strengths (Naff, 2014). Naff advised art therapists to practice with awareness of the characteristics of media and to consider the effect of media on the client. Art making provided an opportunity for clients to express their emotions and to distance the focus from themselves and redirect it to the art to decrease tension in cases of over-activation. Naff proposes the idea of revisiting the trauma story through art making with the client exercising control over the process. She suggested her data be further researched to develop best practices for cumulative trauma focused art therapy interventions (Naff, 2014). During her literature review, Naff expanded on the definition of trauma to include stressful events that negatively effect a client's quality of life yet do not fit into the category of factors that cause PTSD. This expansion seems relevant because it takes the experience of the individual into account rather than solely basing the criteria on traumatic events. Trauma and complex trauma are unavoidable aspects of life for most people. A single trauma could cause a decrease in functioning for a client that would increase the likelihood that more trauma would occur. By establishing best practices using art therapy to address cumulative trauma, a protocol can be formed for art therapists who address situations without a clear point of origin. Using a combination of qualitative data and art making to glean insights about the role of art therapy used with complex trauma was an effective choice for this study. Others in the field could use this information with different theoretical frameworks to establish more data on this relationship.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a hands-on form of psychotherapy that is empirically based, which focuses on the interrelationship between emotions, behaviors, and thoughts. Through CBT, patients are able to identify their distorted thinking and modify their beliefs in order to change their behaviors. Once a patient changes their distorted thinking, they are able to think in a more positive and realistic manner. Overall, CBT focuses on consistent problem solving strategies and changing negative thought distortions and negative behavior. There are different types of CBT, which share common elements. Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a kind of CBT, which falls under the umbrella of CBT.
Rubin, J. A. (2001). Approaches to art therapy: Theory and technique. (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge.
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most commonly utilized interventions for children (Cary & McMillen, 2011). TF-CBT is a highly structured intervention consisting of 90-minute weekly sessions. The clinician works with the client through eight competencies, including psychoeducation, relaxation, affective expression and regulation, cognitive coping, trauma narrative development and processing, gradual exposure, joint parent/child sessions, and enhancing future development (Cary & McMillen, 2011). TF-CBT has an extensive history and many variations. Clinicians utilize a number of other cognitive behavior treatments that have been adapted to meet the needs of traumatized children (Cary, & McMillen, 2012; Smith et al., 2007). While there are a number of cognitive behavior treatments, TF-CBT has received the highest classification rating for supported and effective treatment from many studies (Cary, & McMillen, 2012; Kauffman Best Practices Project, 2004).
Trauma is defined as a deeply distressing or disturbing experience; however, it can impact those who experience the initial experience and those who learn about it. Secondary trauma is a state of emotional distress caused by hearing the firsthand stories of trauma survivors. Trauma is a social disease because it is spread through close relationships impacting family and friends and can be prevented.
From research through SAHMSA and increased knowledge through my choice in graduate-level courses, I learned how to best integrate a trauma-informed approach into my clinical practice. This example from my concentration practice shows how I sought to choose interventions from an evidence-based practice perspective, seeking to meet my clients and support their dignity and worthwhile also using approaches and interventions which have been shown effective through research. Although a trauma-informed perspective would have been beneficial in my foundation internship, it became imperative in my concentration internship and I increased my competency and supported the dignity and worth of my clients by choosing to learn about and integrate a trauma-informed approach in my clinical practice.
Trauma is an overwhelming experience that causes injury to a person's psychological state of mind. Complex trauma, on the other hand, is a term used by the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN). In which an increased emphasis is placed on the impact of multiple traumatizing events that occur during child development stages. As well as an increase in sensitivity of those traumas involving close personal relationships, such as caregivers and siblings (Forkey 3). Children exposed to complex trauma suffer from detrimental short-term and long-term effects on every aspect of their child development. These effects significantly impact their overall "quality of life," specifically affecting areas of cognitive functioning, neurobiological
There are two types of trauma that lead to PTSD symptoms among young people. One is exposure to a sudden, one-time event whereas the other is the result of exposure of repeated events. No matter what the “cause” was the condition in childhood and adolescence can effect normal development which can disrupt the acquisition of the skills necessary for a child to become self-sufficient. Because brain development occurs fairly rapidly if a trauma is experiences parts of the brain may slow or stop in their development process. This paper will discuss how to recognize and treat PTSD, limitations of treatment options, treatment options, training for professionals, and ethnic differences.
This article, is a book review for a book called Mass Trauma and Violence: Helping Families and Children Cope. Boyd Webb is the author of the book as well as a play therapist and crisis interventionist. Webb has different sections in his book that particularly focus on the theoretical framework for assessments and treatment, and conceptualizations of mass trauma. He emphasizes helping interventions that consist of specific cognitive, behavioral and client centered therapies, family focused bereavement programs and art, music, sand and play therapy. This book stresses the importance of effective treatment modalities in order to avoid long term consequences of trauma. Webb discusses the specific adaptations and treatments that vary between various types of trauma and different age and group. The book also explores several cases of children who have faced a traumatic event and highlights culturally sensitive programs and activities that can be employed for minority groups.
My vision of Art Therapy was very vague. I always thought art therapy was a form of therapy for distressed or abused children trying to tell a story through pictures or drawings. The American Art Therapy Association defines art therapy as a mental health profession that uses the creative process of art making to improve and enhance the physical, mental, and emotional well being of individuals of all ages. Art therapy is a form psychotherapy that has been practiced for over sixty years and it has been promoted as a means of helping people who find it difficult to express themselves verbally (Crawford, et al., 2010). Art therapy sessions usually start with a form of relaxation such as deep breathing , progressive muscle relaxation, or setting an intention for the session ahead (Hart, 2010). Art therapy is used for several different types of people with diverse illnesses such as: Autism Spectrum Disorder, people living with HIV/AIDS, mental disorders and even Cancer. Studies show that art therapy can lead to increased self awareness of self, as well as improved ability to cope with symptoms, stress, and traumatic experiences (American Art Therapy Association). This form of therapy helps these patients express positive feelings that may not be easy to access in the midst of a fear provoking experience (Hart, 2010). Art therapy help people to identify their feelings, and resolve the issues associated with their illness. Although, my lack of knowledge on this therapeu...
Bill is a nine-year-old Caucasian male. Bill is currently living with his biological mother (Crystal age 32), sister (Sage age 3), aunt, cousin, and grandmother (Jessica). Jessica owns the house and Bill’s family and grandmother live on the second level and his aunt and cousin live in the basement. The home environment appears to be safe and stable with adequate space for everyone currently there. Bill hasn’t had any contact with his biological father since he was one-year-old. Crystal is currently single. Crystal is employed full-time and Jessica provides childcare for Bill and Sage while Crystal is at work.
Trauma. What is trauma? It is an emotion in response to a horrific event. One of these events could be emotional, physical, sexual, or combat related. Some survivors of traumatic events may experience posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. Survivors have the option to receive help from doctors, psychiatrists, or counselors. All of which may help the survivor to an extent. That is why there are alternative medicine companies designed to help survivors. One company like this is The Trauma Healing Project. This company started up as a group of people who wanted to help others in 2004 (Project, 2017). It took the company a few years to start up fully, but to this day the Trauma Healing Project helps as many people as they possibly can. The Trauma
Trauma, as defined by the American Psychological Association, is an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape or natural disaster. In order to process and overcome a traumatic experience, most seek a therapist. This is especially true for individuals who have dealt with childhood sexual abuse. There are different types of therapy and therapists that exist that individuals go to. Art therapy is a kind of psychotherapy that uses art as it’s main technique of communications in order to improve the emotional and mental well being of the patients. It combines the areas of human development, visual art such as drawing, sculpture, painting and other kinds of art and the artistic process with counseling and psychotherapy.
Hi. Ms Martin, you addressed all the negative impact on trauma, regarding PTSD in youth and adults and now the government is finally addressing those of past Wars, Korea and Vietnam, which I feel has the most trauma experiences, due to not just being in a conflict but also returning to one, when that came home.
Trauma Focused Care is geared to allowing a trauma trained the social worker to begin the healing process with these women who have suffered significant trauma by maybe more than one abuser. In order for these women to heal they must identify, process resolve, and grieve the experience they suffered. These women can either choose to do this in an individual therapy or group therapy that range in the participation of programs like art, music, and equine therapy (Johnson 2012:382). This type of therapy allows the victim to not just talk about their feelings but find ways of expressing themselves in a positive way and begin to gain
the client’s past trauma and understanding how it effects their daily living without it being