Craters Investigation

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Craters Investigation

In this experiment I am going to investigate one factor that causes

craters to be different sizes. I am going to do this by dropping a

ball bearing with a mass of 63.7g, from varying heights into a tub of

sand and then measuring the width of the crater it made.

Research

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On the Moon, craters usually measure up to 200 (320 miles) or more in

diameter. Meteorites hitting the lunar surface at high velocity

produced most of the large craters. Many of the smaller ones - those

measuring less than 1km (0.6 mile) across could have been formed by

explosive volcanic activity.

Many craters have a surrounding ring: this is usually quite low

although a typical one may be about 1500m (4920 feet) above the

surrounding landscape. In many cases, there is a central peak or

several peaks within a crater.

The darker areas of the Moon, known as Maria, have relatively few

craters. They are thought to be huge lava flows that spread over an

area after most of the craters have already been formed.

Apparatus

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á 1 Tub of sand

á 1 Ruler

á 1 Metal Ball Bearing (63.7g)

á 1 Metre Ruler

Method

1. Set up the apparatus (as shown in the diagram)

2. Lift the Ball Bearing to a height of 10cm and drop into the tub of

sand.

3. Place the end of the ruler at one edge of the crater and measure to

the other side. This gives the width of the crater.

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 at 10cm intervals (20cm, 30cm etc) up to

100cm.

5. Repeat 3 times

6. Record in Results Table

Fair Test?

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The factors, which would affect the size of a crater, are:

á The mass of the ball bearing because if it was heavier then the

amount of G.P.E it has would increase due to the fact that the

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