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The need for an effective reward management system in modern organizations
Contingency theory strength and weakness
Contingency theory strength and weakness
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Contingency theory and situational view. Contingency theory, developed by Fiedler (1967), is similar to situational theory, in that the leader applies various leadership methods; however, the similarities end there. Rather than adapting to situations, the contingency leader adapts least favored-worker concept to draw the disinterested or less skilled worker into the environment (Fiedler, 1967). Contingent reward offers a kind of acknowledgement or feedback that motivates the quality of affiliation between transactional leaders and their followers. The contingent reward style delivers optimistic support by identifying or gratifying a follower when he or she achieves targeted objectives (Bass, 1985; Hater & Bass, 1988).
Fiedler’s (1967) basic and relatively simple principle is that administration’s achievement is an assignment corresponding with to the decision maker’s model and management condition. If the leaders’ model fits the circumstance, the management will be effectual; if the management’s type does not correspond, the manager will be unproductive (Navanhandi, 2006). The contingency theory of leadership is one of the greatest valid and dependable measures of an individual 's leadership prospective (Waters, 2013). There is the necessity for the present day SAHC leaderships to be identified with contingency leadership style.
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When a task is successful, however, task-motivated leader is comfortable with particulars and with checking routine events (Fiedler & Chemers, 1984). Leaders who have high LPC scores rate their least-preferred coworker relatively positive, describing that person as loyal, sincere, warm, and accepting; they are relationship motivated. Relationship motivation means that interpersonal relations are the main motivator for the person (Navanhandi,
2) “Attitude reflects leadership, captain”. That shows that Julius is satisfied by the way his captain is thinking. Managerial leadership has influenced organizational activities in many ways. These influences include motivating subordinates, budgeting scarce resources, and serving as a source of communication. We are referring to the LPC contingency theory. "The first and perhaps most popular, situational theory to be advanced was the ‘Contingency Theory of Leadership Effectiveness' developed by Fred E. Fiedler" (Bedeian, Glueck 504). This theory explains that group performance is a result of interaction. (Online reviews)
The theory reduces the expectations from the leader, instead focuses on matching the leader to a task
Directive leadership is characterized as leaders taking the decision into their own hands and expecting the followers to just follow the instructions. We all have been in one of those groups where someone wants to become Adolf and control everything, am I right? Last but not least, Participative Leadership, which is my favorite, in which the leader involves the group in a goal setting to give input and share feedback with one another. This next theory completely opened my eyes. The dependencies for effective leadership is defined as situations where a mix of factors the control and influence productivity. The contingency theory used LPC to measure a leader’s motivation, and task motivation vs relationship motivation. People who are relationship motivated have an inclination to describe their least favored associates in a more optimistic, pleasant and efficient, and they also received higher LPC scores. Task motivated people have a tendency to rate their least favored associates in a more negative manner. Thus, they receive lower LPC scores. Therefore, the LPC scale is actually not about the least desired coworker. In fact, it is actually about the person who takes the test, and this person 's motivation type. This got me thinking - what kind of LPC am I? Apparently my leader member relationship is good, my task structure was unstructured, and my leader position power is strong. Also , my LPC was Low. I don’t think of myself as the all-out leader, but I have some great followership in my opinion. I feel that leaders can lead more effectively when there is a match between your motivation type and the situation. These matches exist between a task and relationship motivated leader. When a leader and the situation does not match, many things have to be altered. Since
Situational leadership is a theory which was designed in 1969 by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard. The “contingency theories of leadership” states that a leader’s effectiveness is dependent on their behaviours in relation to different situational factors. Thus, situational leadership theory, relates to how a leader 's effectiveness is depend on their ability to adjust their leadership behaviour to the required level of the “followers” capability or if the situation is modified.
The situational leadership theory states that leaders use different styles and strategies depending on the situation. There are two models that support this theory. The Fiedler’s Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness states that an “effective leadership occurs only when there is an ideal match between the leader’s style and the group’s work situation” (pg
In this theory leadership style changes as needed to ensure that the goal is achieved (Huber, 2014). Each situation may need to be addressed differently, which requires flexibility by all involved, especially leadership. Managers need to evaluate every individual to understand what they are capable of and how they fit the needs of the institution and or situation (Nash, 2015). As a nurse I think this is a very important trait for a leader to have because of how quickly things change and how we must work within our environment. For example, in healthcare we sometimes have to allow others to take control of a situation on to ensure the best possible outcome for each patient. In addition, the manager needs to ensure that each person works within the scope of their practice, functions at the highest level allowed and completes their tasks. To be a successful leader in healthcare and achieve desired outcomes requires a high level of flexibility by leadership. I would also say that the contingency theory would also fit into my leadership style. The basis premise of this theory is that each situation is different and leadership needs to take that into account when managing a situation (Huber, 2014). At times a leader needs to look at the bigger picture and incorporate that in their decision making process. When looking at a specific situation taking input from all parties involved can lead to a more effective solution. We can learn a lot form those around us and need to take that in account to be an effective
(Schermerhorn, 2012) defines Contingency thinking, “Recognizes that management practices must be tailored to fit the exact nature of each situation” (p.6). The research suggests that Trader Joe’s management is very formulaic in their approaches from defining and maintaining company culture to site location and advertising methods. Daft, R. L. (2015) States, The idea behind contingency theories is that leaders can analyze their behavior to improve leadership effectiveness” (p.17).
There are different leadership theories developed throughout the history. Most popular ones are trait theories, behavioral theories, contingency theories, and leader-member exchange (LMX) theory. The author of the post will briefly discuss two theories, Fiedler contingency theory and Leader-Member Exchange (LMX), and compare and contrast their strengths and weakness.
“Contingency theory is a class of behavioral theory claiming that there is no best way to organize a corporation, lead a company, or make decisions” (Pfeffer, 1997). There is no simple or one right way to run things. In the 1950’s and 1960’s, two men named Henri Fayrol and Frederick Taylor continued the study of contingency theory. Research in the 1970’s dealt with the organizational structures and leadership styles for different situations (Thompson, 2005). Contingency theory was started by Joan Woodward, whose company research found that different types of processes were linked to different structures and amounts of control. She said that certain organizational forms are appropriate for certain forms of work. Woodward was a pioneer for the theory. Woodward composed several studies using differential variables such as management levels of a company, industry compressions, and management styles in her measurement (Thompson, 2005).--. From those tests, she has identified that there are three influential aspects to contingency theory: environmental, organizational, and leadership. These factors are the key components that influence the success of a business.
Those who take this approach assess the current situation by identifying its major factors, then focus and act on those aspects of the situation (McNamara). In his book, “Leadership Management: Achieving Breakthroughs,” K. Barman writes that by adopting the Contingency theory, the manager believes that there is no correct or best way of leading; what works in one situation may not necessarily work in another. Due to this assumption, one can say that contingency theory is similar to situational theory; there is no single, simple, or exact way to handle all situations, and effective management depends on the situation (50). Contingency theory is different from situational theory, however. He writes,
There is no shortage of motivational theories, just as there is none for leadership theories; however there are a few particularly important ones. It is interesting to note that even some of the most notable ideas of motivation are nothing more than untested hypotheses with simple anecdotal observations as a backbone that has served for years of...
The contemporary era is the time with constant changes and new demands. In view of this point, we can't put unitary leadership into real work. Accordingly, the term of "contingency leadership theory" (also namely "situational leadership") is given rise to by those situational factors. This theory notes that managers can vary their styles to suit different circumstances.
Chapter one gives a brief history of the study problem between the years 1990 and the present . It shows that during the time span, 1990 to present, healthcare and other public organizations have concomitantly experienced some kind of structural changes and challenges in various viewpoints. Chapter one also defines the research problem and MDCs SACH leaders are experiencing, and also explores the burdens these challenges create for leadership. The objective of the study is stated in chapter one and also the potential impacts of the challenges to leaderships in SAHC organizations. The study is focused on broadening awareness centering on how SAHC leaders have different views of the skills that make superior leadership. Chapter one also sho...
The goal of nearly every company or organization is to motivate those involved towards a unified vision and or goal. When an organization is able to identify the major individual variables that influence work behavior, they can offer an atmosphere that is healthy. Typically, all organizations experience the direct relationship between job satisfaction, and performance. In an effort to maximize the performance of staff within a system it is important to develop an optimal interpersonal chemistry. In order to be most effective, leaders in an organization must have a clear understanding of their employees,
When in a leadership role, it is important to consider both the task and relationship aspects of a situation. Both of these aspects are essential in order to achieve the goal successfully. Task aspects are more or less directly related to achieving the end goal. It incorporates the actions required from a leader’s followers in order to achieve the desired results. It is much more geared towards performance than the relationship aspects are. Looking at the relationship side of leadership, it focuses more so on the followers and their well-being. A leader who is more relationship oriented will spend more time talking to their followers and trying to understand how to motivate them. They try to make more of a personal connection than task-oriented leaders do.