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Consumerism in the 1920s
American consumerism culture
The progressive era in america
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During the Progressive Era, America experienced a shift from the production of capital goods, such as railroad equipment or steel, to consumer goods. As a way of subliminally enforcing the belief that mass consumption was a freedom, many companies began to name their products with the word “liberty” or “…used an image of the Statue of Liberty” (Foner 686). This devious method of advertising made consumers associate products with freedom, which sparked the belief that consumerism was associated with their rights and freedoms as an American citizen. Because of this, there was also a shift in political activism, urging the United States to indulge in the world of consumerism. Much like voting, the ability to take part in mass consumerism was beginning
The Progressive Era was during the 1890s to the 1920s. During this time many different groups of people made advancements. There were negative and positive outcomes to these advancements. Two groups of people that advanced during the Progressive Era were business owners and women. Today, woman are still trying to progress.
1. The main idea is not only that owning stuff is not the key to happiness, it’s also that consumers today own more than they need to thrive which directly impacts the environment. Hill illustrates the environmental impact by showing statistics of global warming today versus the past century, and how consumerism is leading to a hotter climate. Hill debunks claims of buying happiness by discussing a study where stress hormones spike to their highest when people are managing their personal belongings. Hill’s most prominent example that consumerism is not the answer is himself, as he discusses some of the most stressful times of his life being right after coming into a large sum of money and buying whatever he fancied. When Hill concludes his article, he states that “I have less—and enjoy more. My space is small. My life is big” (213).
Harlem’s public life was controlled by consumerism, there was democratic interaction by citizens. Chandler Owens, an African American writer and socialist, believed that cabarets invoked self expression and liberation. He wanted them incorporated into Harlem’s public life. However, other citizens were afraid that their community was going to become the central place for “entertainment and profit” (312). These citizens were afraid that their neighborhood was going to become a place solely for the purpose of making money. In the last paragraph of page 312 to the last paragraph of page 313 of Kevin Mattson’s “The Struggle for an Urban Democratic Public: Harlem in the 1920s” Mattson makes the argument that not only citizens, but also intellectuals came together to fight against issues that they believed were detrimental to their community. He argues that their battle against cabaret had everything to do with their morality and their “balance between rights and duties” (314) and nothing to do with Victorian prudery as Chandler Owen believed.
The Progressive Era was a time of great reforms in government and in factories. There were a few different forms of Progressivism: the muckrakers (from a character in John Bunyan's book Pilgrim's Progress) were the type of Progressives who exposed corruption. For example, Collier's and McClure's journalists, some of them secretly went as far as moving into the slums to get the full sense of what life was like for the downtrodden, and shed light on what the slumlords were allowing to happen in their buildings. Women's Suffragists were progressive, as well, they picketed, wrote letters, to officials at all levels of government, staged women's suffrage parades, sent out pamphlets, and made speeches to anyone who would listen, and eventually, in halls of government, in from of Congress. One other type of progressive was those who were for the temperance movement (their goal was to ban alcohol, they saw it as corrupting society). Settlement house workers were progressives, too, their cause fought to improve immigrant relations in the United States. Progressives sought to change society, for the better, through their activism. Progressives hoped for stronger local governments at the level of the American people. Theodore Roosevelt's “Who is a Progressive” speech he stated that “A well-meaning man may vaguely think of himself as a Progressive without having even the faintest conception of what a Progressive is" (Bowels, 2011). Additionally, Roosevelt would consider a person progressive if he or she had sympathy for the common man and was a forward-thinker.
Where did some of modern America's issues originate from? The answer to that is the Progressive Era. The Legislation of that era laid all of the groundwork for today, and much of it is still in public debate today. Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson, three of the presidents from that era, all played roles in the groundwork. These presidents passed acts, tariffs, and amendments that are still with us, and debated today.
‘Brave New World’ by Aldous Huxley is a science-fiction book in which people live in a futuristic society and a place called the World State. In ‘Brave New World’, Aldous Huxley used the idea of consumerism to describe the behaviors and lives of the citizens of the World State. The practice of consumerism by the people of the World State fulfilled their satisfactory and happiness. However, it also blinded purity and truth among its people. Different classes and different genders of people practiced different acts of consumerism such as consuming soma, technology and bodies. They sought happiness from them and eventually these acts became a social norm. However, these practices of consumerism also had side effects. It blinded truth such as
Cal Poly Pomona is a college that many people want to go to, not just because it has a beautiful campus but because there is a high acceptance rate of 39.3%. Cal Poly Pomona’s mascot is a horse and their college is surrounded by greenery where the college is geographically located. I also know that Cal Poly Pomona is a really big college that provides a major in engineering. I also like this college because it is close to home and I won’t have to pay rent at the college or close to the college. Another thing that really interests me is how beautiful and big the campus is. They also have a really good business program, which I want to major in. Due to the beautiful and big campus, the acceptance
“To combat the obesity epidemic we need tighter limits on fast-food marketing. Junk food companies should be kicked out of schools. Perhaps governments should subsidize fruits and vegetables as well as other healthy products” (Engler, 180). These ideas are farfetched and unrealistic. Though taking out junk food in schools and limiting corporations marketing schemes would probably help out the country’s overall health, we cannot take away the freedoms of the people and the business. America stands for freedom and being able to have unalienable rights, and deciding whatever you want to eat is one of them. You cannot just take junk food out of schools filled with kids and put a hold on extreme marketing in which every business has a right to take forth on. It is almost contradicting the morals and values the United States stands for and represents every
During the New Era to the Great Depression, mass advertising propelled fundamental changes throughout society and fueled the nation’s economic prosperity. Advertisements in the 1920s from businesses who promoted their products at the time would, “appeal to the consumer’s anxieties and personal needs” (Page 629). Material goods, such as cigarettes attracted the American dream and culture. Cigarettes promised to meet the spiritual and emotional needs of many Americans. Marketing of the tobacco industry was one of the most negative influences on American culture during the twentieth century. The propaganda used to sell cigarettes negatively affected society because it was unknowingly a pollutant and a harmful product to many Americans. On page
Consumerism was a product of the “swinging 60’s” as they are called, this was a revolutionary time for not only American society but society around the world. This was a time when all boundaries were disregarded, the contraceptive pill was made available for the first time giving woman complete sexual freedom, it was also a time when people were heavily protesting against the Vietnam war “make love not war” was a quote commonly heard being said and written on picket signs. Fashion was drastically changing from the conservative 1940’s/50’s styles with the introduction of the mini skirt which was now included in most woman’s wardrobes. Consumerism is defined as a “social and economic order based on the systematic creation and fostering on a desire to purchase goods and services in ever greater amounts” (www.slideshare.net) this movement was the mass production of goods with little value meaning people could now go to a big company owned store and buy everything they needed rather than having to source it from small scale sellers. Celebrity culture and celebrity worship was also a ...
During the Progressive Era in the United states, congress passed many legislative laws in order to address important social and economic issues. Due to urbanization in the big cities many health issues occurred especially in meat being sold to Two specifc ones are the Sherman Anti Trust and the Meat Inspection act.
1904 was within the Progressive Era where the world was just forming into a complex society. As the 1900’s swung around, it was time for an optimistic attitude since the middle class was growing at a steady speed, they were able to gain new materialism and more leisure time. The drastic change from the Victorian Era mindset meant that there was always room for change; this included protesting for new rights for women, access to electricity, and new inventions such as automobiles, televisions, photographs, etc. The country's new found freedom and assembly meant that society had more time to engage in tea parties, dinners, balls, and expand their education. However, this didn’t mean that old mannerisms were thrown out the window; women and men
Teddy Roosevelt changed America forever with his ‘speak softly and carry a big stick’ policy. This policy was a kick-start to the progressive era, in which many strove to achieve social change and improvement. There is reason to believe that progressive movements had little effect on society. However, through progressive presidents, awareness of factory conditions, and activists seeking to broaden rights, several amendments were passed between 1900 and 1920. The progressives made a long lasting, though not immediate, impact on society.
In the 1920s, the United States enjoyed a great economic growth, which enabled millions of Americans to spend larger amounts of money. Recently invented items, such as cars, also contributed to this dramatic rise of consumerism that occurred during this period. Advertising campaigns helped to fuel the demand for the newly invented items. However, many economists believe that this over indulgence and over spending were harbingers to the Great Depression of the 1930s. The consumerism in the 1920s paved the way for a changing life style and attitude over money and spending in America. Many Americans acknowledge that we, as a society, spend too much money, but this does not stop us from wasting millions of dollars on products and services that we never use. It is true that consumerism has some positive effects, such as improving the economy, creating more employment opportunities and increasing the standard of living. However, the over spending and excessive wasting associated with consumerism result in an unhealthy craving for goods, decreased value of spiritual and moral values and excessive greed; all of which plague American society.
Schor, Juliet B., The Overspent American: Upscaling, Downshifting, and the New Consumer. New York: Basic Books