Conservation of Momentum
1.
Trial 1 T1 (s) T2 (s) Vi (m/s) V2 (m/s)
0 0.071 0.351
1 0.111 0.225
2 0.118 0.215
Trial 2
0 0.061 .409
1 0.092 0.272
2 0.101 0.248
Trial 3
0 0.057 0.440
1 0.083 0.300
2 0.088 0.283
Mass of car 1 = 993.0 g
Mass of car 2 = 496.7 g
2. trial 1
Car 1 momentum before collision
P=mv P=(.993kg)(.351m/s) P= .349 kgm/s
Car 2 momentum before collision
P=mv P=(.4967kg)(0m/s) P = 0 kgm/s
Object’s (or both cars together) momentum after collision
P=mv P=(1.4897kg)(.225) P = .335 kgm/s
Trial 2
Car 1 momentum before collision P=mv
P= (.993kg)(.409m/s) P= .406 kgm/s
Car 2 momentum before collision P=mv
P= (.4967kg)(0) P= 0 kgm/s
Objects momentum after collision P=mv
P = (1.4897kg)(.272m/s) P= .405 kgm/s
Trial 3
Car 1 momentum before collision
P= mv P = (.993kg)(.440m/s) = .437 kgm/s
Car 2 momentum before collision
P=mv P= (.4967kg)(om/s) = 0 kgm/s
Objects momentum after collision
P=mv P= (1.4897kg)(.300m/s) = .447 kgm/s
3.
Total momentum of the system before the collision (the first car’s momentum)
Trial 1= .349 kgm/s
Trial 2= .406 kgm/s
Trial 3= .436 kgm/s
Total momentum of the system after the collision (objects momentum after the collision)
Trial 1= .335 kgm/s
Trial 2= .405 kgm/s
Trial 3= .447 kgm/s
4. Kinetic energy of each object before the collision and after the collision
KE= 1/2 mv2
Trial 1
Car 1 before= 1/2(.993kg)(.351)2 = .0611 J
Car 2 before= 0 J
Object after the collision = .0377 J
Trial 2
Car 1 before= .0831 J
Car 2 before= 0 J
Object after the collision = .0551 J
Trial 3
Car 1 before= .0961 J
Car 2 before= 0 J
Object after the collision= .067 J
5. total kinetic energy of the system before and after the collision
Before Total KE= KE1+KE2
Trial 1= .0611J +0 J = .0611 J
Trial 2= .0831 J + 0 J = .0831 J
Trial 3 = .0961 J + 0 J = .0961 J
After
Trial 1= .168 J
As pointed out by Meagher JA in Marien v Gardiner it is not possible that the driver could foresee and react to any event that could take place within the area surrounding the vehicle. Therefore, the driver could not have breached his duty of care in any circumstance that an object by chance is to collide with a vehicle on the road.
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