The question of the century is what is a bridge? According to Google’s definition, it is “a structure carrying a road, path, railroad, or canal across a river, ravine, road, railroad, or other obstacle.” Looking further, it provides passage over obstacles such as valleys, rough terrain or bodies of water by spanning those obstacles with manmade materials. Another question is when did bridges erupt? It is said that the first bridges were believed to be made by nature itself. An example would be just as simple as a log that has fallen across a stream. Bridges would also be made by natural rock itself that laid across to lead you to another side. It is said that humans officially began constructing bridges in ancient times in Mesopotamia. From …show more content…
The classifications are cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges, truss bridges, arch bridges, cantilever bridges and beam bridges. A cable-stayed bridge looks similar to a suspension bridge. They both have roadways that hang from cables and both have towers. But the two bridges support the load of the roadway in very different ways. The difference lies in how the cables are connected to the towers. In suspension bridges, the cables ride freely across the towers, transmitting the load to the anchorages at either end. In cable stayed bridges, the cables are attached to the towers, which alone can carry the load. The cables can be attached to the roadway in a variety of ways such as in a radical pattern or parallel pattern. A truss bridge is a bridge whose substructure is composed of a truss, which is a structure that contains connected material to form triangular shapes. The connected materials may be stressed with tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads. An arch bridge is one of the most popular types of bridges which came into use over 3000 years ago and remained popular until the industrial revolution and advanced materials enabled architect to create other modern bridge designs. The basic principle of an arch bridge is that it has a curved design, which does not push load forces straight down, but instead they are conveyed along the curve of the arch to the supports on each end. These
How exactly did the Mackinac Bridge start? It started back around 1884 when they started thinking about it. The Lansing Republic newspaper , dated February 5th 1884, reprinted a story from the Grand Traverse Herald pointing out that the experiment to provide all year service across the straights by boat had failed, and if that a great east west route were ever to be established through Michigan a bridge or tunnel would have be required. They considered both as possible, the only question in their mind was cost (History of the Bridge 1).
“It was designed with a twenty-two foot roadway and one five-foot sidewalk” (Silver). The silver bridge is a very long bridge. “An eye-bar is a long steel plate having large circular ends with an "eye" or hole through which a pin is used to connect to other eyebars (to make a chain) or to other parts of the bridge.” according to Richard Fields. The whole bridge was built using the eye-bar suspension.
Truss bridges can be built three different ways—as a pony bridge, through bridge, or deck bridge. A pony bridge, or a bridge in which the bracing is only on the sides and on top of the deck, are most often used when having a lighter load as there
The Capilano Suspension Bridge was built in 1889 across the Capilano River by a Scottish engineer named George Grant Mackay in the city of Vancouver. The bridge was initially constructed from hemp ropes and cedar planks, which were later replaced with more durable steel cables in 1903. Over time, the bridge has exchanged ownership several times and has undergone a series of renovations. This is a paper on the Capilano Bridge. Special focus is given to its history, construction, and impact in its locality.
The Bailey Island Bridge is located in Harpswell, Maine on Route 24. Before the making of the bridge, the fishermen that lived on Bailey’s Island wanted a bridge that connected their island to Orr’s Island. The town of Harpsweell made and voted on their decisions in the weekly town meetings (“Bailey”). The project was stalled because of some of the mainlanders in the town, but it was brought back up for discussion in 1912. They first agreed on a “road” which would connect the two islands and would be constructed with timber. This was to cost $3,000. The cost quickly reached $25,000 at a later town meting because they decided to build the bridge with stone and concrete instead. Once the legislature decided to pass a bill stating that it would fun state’s highway and bridge projects, they decided to move forward with the project (Hansen, 36).
The Golden Gate bridge, standing as an icon of roadway innovations, took multiple engineers years to design and complete. They could not just simply build an ordinary bridge. They had to take into consideration the physics behind it, as well as, what kind of effect the environment would have upon the bridge. The bridge sits along one of the most active fault lines in the world, so engineers had to make sure their bridge could withstand a little movement. Today the Golden Gate bridge still stands tried and true, as does many other innovations that 20th century engineers came up with.
Bering Land Bridge- during it’s time of existence the bridge was a major factor in migration from Asia to North America; made travel easier because it was on land instead of having to travel by boat
San Francisco, where the Golden Gate Bridge is, was founded by the Native Americans 4,000 years ago. Then came the Spanish explorers who established a town named Yerba Buena, later changed the name to San Francisco. That is how the city of San Francisco came to be. Decades later, the population kept growing and growing, requiring a bridge to connect the isolated parts of California to San Francisco. For this reason, the Golden Gate Bridge was built, a construction period of four years. During construction, 11 fatalities occurs, of whom 10 fell through the safety net of the scaffold on February 17, 1937.
Natural stone arches are geological formations that occur when rock is exposed to substantial amounts of erosion , which over time forces the rock into the shape of an arch. Stone arches are among the most diverse of rock formations, not only because of the large area where they are known to be found, but also their complex ways of forming. Although many factors contribute to making natural stone arches so enthralling, one key role keeps and hones our constant attention: each and every stone arch every formed will fall. Despite the things we do know about stone arches, they are continuously changing and teaching us new things about them as well as the world around us.
Today the Roman arch is one of the most innovative tools that we have borrowed and perfected from the Romans. “During construction, arches are often supported by a wooden frame. When the frame is removed, both sides of the arch press against the keystone and thereby support the arch.” The Greeks and Romans started using aqueducts, which is where we got the idea of pipelines to distribute water. Aqueducts were constructed by building large bridge like structure that sloped slightly towards the destination it was going to. We borrowed that idea and now use pipes that are pressurized and push the water towards where it is
The bridge was designed at a time when America was moving toward streamline products, this included the design of bridges. The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was a sleek, graceful looking suspension bridge. Suspension bridges consist of many cables anchored...
The Structure of the Millennium Bridge Introduction In June 2002 the Millennium Bridge was opened to the public. This was going to be an extraordinary day for engineers as new designs and structures had to be used to keep to the specifications of the job. Although with most bridge structures there is always a degree in movement, the Millennium Bridge had large groups crossing the bridge at one moment in time, this then caused a greater than expected sideways movement. This made people feel uncomfortable and even sick walking across the bridge.
This excerpt of the text The Brooklyn Bridge proves that the author does speak about how the bridge was built but does not speak about who built it. Only the text The Brooklyn Bridge speaks about the aftermath of the bridge being built. In the text The Brooklyn Bridge by The Sun, May 24, 1883 it speaks about the aftermath of the bridge being built says, “Today, a little more than thirteen years from the time of the bridge’s beginning, Mayor Low of Brooklyn will enter the bridge from the Brooklyn end with a crowd of his fellow
Majority of the time, group thinking has falsely been assumed to be similar to group cohesiveness. Cohesiveness defines the ability of the group to work together through challenges, providing alternative avenues with which to progress. According to Holman and Devane (2009) therefore the goal of group cohesiveness is not simply to work together but rather to reach the intended goals of the group. Conflict though frowned upon is also considered to be part of progress. Individuals are encouraged to provide alternative plans and ideas which are directed at ensuring the group meets its goals in the right time frame and with the use of available resources. Therefore, group cohesiveness
For this bridge its fall was inflicted by an unknown patron. One who’s identity or existence we never see verified. The record of the fall is short in the story described as only being for a moment. Then the bridge was finally introduced to “the sharp rocks which had always gazed up at me so peacefully from the rushing water”. Rocks gazing peacefully? This is almost as absurd as a bridge turning around. An action that the bridge itself cannot seem to believe it is doing. This attempt by the bridge was his final effort before his fall. I cannot even picture how a bridge would turn around and attempt to look on his back. The question that comes to my mind is how can a bridge see what’s on his back? If this book is trying to make us believe that this bridge is a human, or has human like qualities. Then how flexible a person is this bridge? Because I know very few people who can see whats on their back. Especially without turning so much that anything on their back would fall off. So is this bridge so inflexible that it breaks itself by turning around or is it trying to buck off its attacker unintentionally? This answer is never answered due to the story ending shortly thereafter this scene. With the short fall of the bridge onto the sharp rocks it had stared at for the entirety of its life. The events before and during the fall of the bridge was the main issue I had with my thesis that the bridge was