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Essay on human intelligence
An essay on human intelligence
Essay on human intelligence
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Psychologists Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg were recognized as being exceptional from an early age. Having similar theories of intelligence, they both believe in a broader definition of intelligence than traditionally recognized. Both conclude there are far more complex functions involved. While learning of Gardner and Sternberg I found that in my own experiences follow examples of Sternberg's theory there is a definitions by Sternberg of intelligence states: “Intelligent behavior involves adapting to your environment, changing your environment, or selecting a better environment.” When I enrolled in school again after 10 years I found myself evaluating what I needed to change to in my enviroment to be successful in school. Adapting
to a full-time school schedule as well as being a full-time working single mother. Study habits of those in the past were simpler because my environment was simpler, now I attend to a child and his needs while sufficient myself giving time for my studies.
Bix Beiderbeck and Louis Armstrong, both legendary jazz musicians and trumpet players, had quite a different career and life. They received different levels of recognition at the time. This is not because of their style, as they both are legendary complex stylists who are great at messing with the beat, but rather the changes they bring to the world of jazz. Bix Beiderbecke defined and performed great jazz music while Louis Armstrong revolutionized jazz and innovated numerous performing techniques that led to the jazz we love today.
Stephen Hawking reflects, “Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.” Junior’s intelligence is marked by his flexibility and tendency to acclimate in a shifting world. His fearless character, ability to acclimate, and flexible persona characterize this defining
When looking at the natural world one can clearly see an order in the occurrences within. Examples ranging from the 4 seasons, to the life cycle of every being, or even to the rising and setting of the sun on a daily basis, depending on your location in the world. With all of the orders comes a certain peace. We tend to seek out this peace after a bad day or a stressful week in the form of ‘Calming Sounds of Nature’ a half an hour of chirping birds, flowing streams, a gentle breeze across oats, or even the pitter patter of rain drops falling into the upper canopy of a rain forest. All of which we overlook and take for granted on a regular basis. Yet both Bradford and Emerson saw the value in observing our natural surroundings. Both me believed that the natural world provides us with a path to reach a higher calling.
Sternberg’s theory is composed of three sub parts; analytical, creative, and practical. Analytical intelligence refers to one’s ability to take apart and solve problems that do not seem so simple to solve. For example being able to solve complex math problems with less effort than people who have less analytical intelligence. This type of intelligence is the one that is most commonly tested, usually in school and in IQ tests. People with lower analytical intelligence usually have a harder time in school and have lower IQ scores making this seem like an unfair way to test intelligence. The second type of intelligence mentioned by Sternberg is creative intelligence. Creative intelligence deals with how well one can perform a task depending on how familiar the task is. People with higher creative intelligence can usually perform an unfamiliar task fairly well, compared to people with lower creative intelligence. The third type of intelligence that Sternberg theorizes is practical intelligence. Commonly referred to as “street smarts” this type of intelligence refers to people who can quickly adapt to the demands of the
Introduction Three thinkers form the foundations of modern-day sociological thinking. Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max Weber. Each developed different theoretical approaches to help us understand the way societies function, and how we are determined by society. This essay will focus on the contrasts and similarities between Durkheim and Weber’s thoughts on how we are determined by society. It will then go on to argue that Weber provides us with the best account of modern life.
The bioecological model of intelligence, introduced by Stephen Ceci, concentrates on the potential abilities, environmental influence and internal motivation. To perform well in an intelligent test a person must have the necessary abilities, be in a positive environment and be motivated (Comer et al.,
Up until the 1960’s, it was believed that people were either born with or without intelligence. UC Berkeley professor Mark Rosenzweig, performed a series of experiments with rats demonstrating how environment influenced rat behavior. His findings changed society’s outlook of inherited intelligence. Rosenzweig's results presented the idea that all youth have the capability to succeed, although it depends on how the individual develops their own attitude or belief toward their personal intelligence. Carol Dweck, a psychologist from Stanford University interpreted Rosenzweig's experimental results and separated the issue into two outlooks of personal intelligence. “Some students start thinking of their intelligence as something fixed, as carved in stone” (Michelle Trudeau). Dweck perceived this as a fixed mindset of intelligence. “Others think intelligence is something you can develop your whole life” (Student’s View of Intelligence). She calls this the growth mindset of intelligence. Dweck wondered if a child’s belief about their own intelligence could contribute to their academic success. She conducted an experiment analyzing the correlation of these elements in 373 seventh grade students who struggled in math. The students were randomly assigned to attend a workshop. One seminar taught how to study well, while the other educated students on the expanding nature of intelligence of the brain. The second group discovered that “the brain actually formed new connections every time they learned something new, and that over time, made the individual smarter" (Student’s View of Intelligence). Those who attended the neuroscience seminar and believed that they could grow and advance in their cognitive development, saw a steady increase in academic performance by the end of the semester. They received better overall grades than the other group
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
Yekovich, Frank R. (1994). Current Issues in Research on Intelligence [on-line]. http://www.ed.gov/database/ERIC_Digests/ed385605.html. Accessed 4 November 2001. .
...ctors, not environment. Nomothetic approach suggests that this is because everyone is generally the same. Yet intelligence is poor when environment is poor - idiographic explain this as it stress social influence, but nomothetic would ignore this factor.
In addition to Kotter and Lewin there are other change models, including Business Process Reengineering (BPR). BPR focuses on the improvement of particular processes within a company in order to create a more efficient, less costly, and overall more effective structure for a business (Pellicelli, Meo, and Cioffi, 2012). BPR holds a strong top-down approach, relying on leadership to assess and review current processes, as they relate to cost, effectiveness, and ultimately how the customer receives the service or product the firm provides (Pellicelli et all., 2012). The model imperatively asserts that leadership be skilled and observant, while the process is ongoing, that the flow of information is constant, and that change be results driven
In 1983 Gardner released his Theory of Multiple Intelligences for use in the psychology world to understand learning styles. Multiple Intelligences quickly catapulted into the the classroom, into education and business worlds, it challenged traditional beliefs about education and cognitive science, giving opportunities never considered for students or employees. This o...
Gardener’s Theory of Intelligence is an expansive ideology that declares all humans have different talents and these gifts come from a form of intelligence. His theory states that there are 9 different forms of intelligence reflection. Mr. Gardner maintains that his theory of multiple forms intelligence should "empower learners”, not restrict them to one modality of learning that they perform best in. They appear to become more apparent in the later years of childhood, in the stage called “pre-teen” . Mr. Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence has given intelligence testing a new avenue to explore by giving intellectual credit to people’s natural inclined gifts, admits that these “talents” are not always based on effort, and makes it possible for educators to attempt new tactics, based on personality, to help all students to absorb and
Intelligence by definition is “the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills” (Oxford Dictionary, 2014). However, many psychologists argue that there is no standard definition of ‘intelligence’, and there have been many different theories over time as psychologists try to find better ways to define this concept (Boundless 2013). While some believe in a single, general intelligence, others believe that intelligence involves multiple abilities and skills. Another largely debated concept is whether intelligence is genetically determined and fixed, or whether is it open to change, through learning and environmental influence. This is commonly known as the nature vs. nurture debate.
The mechanism of the brain has been shown to be a flexible system that can be improved by different approaches of learning. The authors Krakovsky (2007), Kimball and Smith (2013), and Zull (2004) described the human’s brain as an extensible area. That is to say that intelligence is not restricted. In fact, intelligence is a “neurological process” Zull (2004) which can be improved by training. By practicing, a “growth mind-set” person Krakovsky (2007) (someone who is ready to provide effort for his or her goals) will create new connections