Communication And Upward Communication

2270 Words5 Pages

Communication
Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between parties. As per the Oxford English Dictionary, the word communication comes from the Latin “communicare” which means mutual interchange and “communico” means to share. Communication is the interactive process between two people whereby one person is able to express what he/she means in a clear and unambiguous way and the other person is able to understand the meaning of the message fully and properly. In other words, one person expresses and the other understands. The responsibility for communication lies with both people – the one expressing must express as clearly as he or she possibly can and the other person must either understand or let the person who …show more content…

2. Used by group leaders and managers to assign goals, provide job instructions, and inform underlings of policies and procedures, point out problems that need at-tention, and offer feedback about performance.
3. Not only oral or face-to-face; letters, e-mails, and so on, sent to employees are also downward communication.

C. Upward
1. Communication that flows to a higher level in the group or organization.
2. Used to provide feedback to higher-ups, inform them of progress toward goals, and relay current problems.
3. Upward communication keeps managers aware.
4. Examples of upward communication are performance reports prepared by lower management for review by middle and top manage¬ment, suggestion boxes, employee attitude surveys, grievance procedures, superior-subordinate discussions, and informal gripe sessions in which employees have the opportunity to identify and discuss problems with their boss or representatives of higher management.

D. Lateral
1. Communication among members of the same work group, among members of work groups at the same level, among managers at the same level, or among any horizontally equivalent personnel.
a) Horizontal communications are often necessary to save time and facilitate …show more content…

Oral Communication
1. The chief means of conveying messages is oral communication.
a) Speeches, formal one-on-one and group discussions, and the informal rumor mill or grapevine.
2. The advantages are speed and feedback.
3. The major disadvantage is that whenever the message has to be passed through a number of people there is a potential for distortion.

B. Written Communication
1. Written communications include memos, letters, electronic mail, fax trans¬missions, organizational periodicals, notices placed on bulletin boards, or any other device that is transmitted via written words or symbols.
2. Advantages
a) They’re tangible and verifiable.
b) Both the sender and receiver have a record of the communication.
c) The message can be stored for an indefinite period of time.
d) Written communications are more likely to be well thought out, logical, and clear.
3. Drawbacks
a) Time consuming because it is more precise.
b) The lack of feedback.

C. Nonverbal Communication
1. Verbal messages also impart a nonverbal message.
2. In some in¬stances, the nonverbal component may stand alone.
3. Nonverbal communication includes body movements, the intona¬tions or emphasis we give to words, facial expressions, and the physical distance be¬tween the sender and

Open Document