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According to Elkind (cited in Walker, 2005) “Today’s child has become the unwilling, unintended victim of overwhelming stress – the stress borne of rapid, bewildering social change and constantly rising expectations”. This rapidness has given birth to hurried childhood. Childhood was once considered a time of stress free period. But this view has considerably been changed now. Children are expected to behave like adults today. Whether they are at home or at the school, they are expected to behave like adults. “Even the parents, who brought in traditional way, are also imposing adult standards on children” (McDonnell, 2002). However, the child developmental theories of Piaget, Erikson and Gesell found that the children learn through different ages and stages of life. Gesell (as cited in Docs, 2002) believes that growth and development occur in orderly stages and sequence. However, Piaget and Erikson (as cited in Docs, 2002) found that personality develops in stages throughout a life and child is an active learner …show more content…
However, these are not appropriately being used by the parents “In Australia approximately 74 per cent of children aged between five and 14 years participated in either organised sports or cultural activities in 2009 (ABS, 2009 as cited in Simoncini & Caltabiono, 2012) . Parents involve their children in these activities to gain the extra skills to cope with the changing demands of society. They even don’t think that the child is at a developmental level to learn all these extra-curricular activities. Gesell identified developmental milestones to specific age groups for parents to track the growth of the children and not to push them to learn too much. Walker also argued that there is nothing wrong in extra-curricular activities but should be scheduled in a way that children don’t get tired. This tiredness can create boredom, which affect their learning and
However, Erikson understood that external factors, parents, and society affect the personality development of a person from childhood to adulthood. This reasoning let him to develop the psychosocial stages of development, in which an individual must pass through a series of eight interconnected stages over that person’s lifetime. Just like Piaget cognitive stages of development Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development have age specifics for each group. The 5 year old boy, falls under the Initiative vs. Guilt Stage, which is based for children who are in preschool from ages three to five. In this stage “children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment” (Cherry, 2010). During my interview of the 5 year old, I ask him if he knew his ABC, he automatically tried to take control of the conversation by singing the ABC, when he mistakenly made a mistake, I corrected him at which he said “no you are wrong, it’s like this.” I could clearly see how the child tried to take control of most of the conversation we had throughout the whole interview. The 10 year old girl, falls under the Industry vs. Inferiority stage, based for children who are in school from age six to eleven. This stages focus on children coping with new social and academics demands. If they are successful this lead them to have some sense of capability, where as if they encounter failure, it could leave them with feelings of inferiority. During my interview during with the ten year old I ask her, how she was dealing with school, she said she likes it very much, but she is always doing a lots of homework, and she doesn’t play as much as she likes. I ask her if making friends its easy or hard, but she said is very easy to make friends, while she is answering this questions you can clearly see the confidence and cleverness of
No single development theory satisfactorily explains behavior; however, a more comprehensive picture of child development emerges when Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development is integrated with Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development identifies four stages of development associated with age (Huitt & Hummel, 2003). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs “posited a hierarchy of human needs based on two groupings: deficiency needs and growth needs” (Huitt, 2007). Comparatively, both theories argue that humans need a series of environmental and psychological support to meet our needs. Integrated, these two theories together enable teachers to understand which stage of development students are at and to create teaching
Contextual factors are things that either promote development or do not promote good development. Risk factors are objects that have the potential to cause bad development on the child. Julian only participates in individual play not cooperative or parallel play like most children his age does. This could lead later on as he gets older to not have developed social skill needed to talk and interact with other children. His mother is recently separated from his stepfather and it is taking a toll on Julian. Julian could have a hard time trusting others and building strong relationships as it seems to be happening in his classroom. When he is at home, he sleeps on the couch or his moms bed but is up until 10:00 p.m. and no one else is up. Since
In this assignment I am going to describe a child observation that I have done in a nursery for twenty minutes in a play setting. I will explain the strengths and weaknesses of naturalistic observation through the key developmental milestones based in Mary Sheridan (2005) check-list and provide a theoretical explanation to support the naturalistic observation.
The term “hurried child syndrome” is defined by the Urban Dictionary as “a condition in which parents overschedule their children's lives, push them hard for academic success, and expect them to behave and react as miniature adults.” This fairly new issue was first proposed by child psychologist David Elkind in 2007. Elkind’s book “The Hurried Child” clearly shows his concern for the next generation and what the word “childhood” has become for them. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, “childhood” is defined as “the state or period of being a child.” And “child” is defined as “an unborn or recently born person.” Noticeably, the dictionary definition is completely objective. There is no implication of how childhood is, or what it involves. In the major advanced cultures around the world, childhood has always been mentioned with a positive connotation of innocence and joy. But the hurrying of children seems to be defying this way of thinking.
While all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they are different, changes, both generationally and across cultures. “The essence of childhood studies is that childhood is a social and cultural phenomenon” (James, 1998). Evident that there are in fact multiple childhoods, a unifying theme of childhood studies is that childhood is a social construction and aims to explore the major implications on future outcomes and adulthood. Recognizing childhood as a social construction guides exploration through themes to a better understanding of multiple childhoods, particularly differences influencing individual perception and experience of childhood. Childhood is socially constructed according to parenting style by parents’ ability to create a secure parent-child relationship, embrace love in attitudes towards the child through acceptance in a prepared environment, fostering healthy development which results in evidence based, major impacts on the experience of childhood as well as for the child’s resiliency and ability to overcome any adversity in the environment to reach positive future outcomes and succeed.
Compare and contrast a child from younger age group with a child from an older age group.
In this stage, cultural or values of the family members give children an important impact for their growth. Children are actively in different kind of physical activities, their muscle movement and perception is getting stable, they know how to use language and create creativity. They like to copy others as well as feel curious about all the things around them and started to ask lots of questions. In this stable stage, children started know how to use their physical ability to do many things such as hit their friends or scold people. Children will aways ask: Is it okay for me to do what i do? If they encouraged to do, and adult give them lots of chances to engage activity with freedom they will feel happy and initiative to explore the environment around them. In the meantimes, their language ability will improve speedy, they use language to get new information and the initiative stimulate children's sense of communication or
As I observed Ricky his cognitive development is somewhat normal. According to Piaget’s theory a child should by the age five should be on the Preoperational stage and be able use symbols such as words or pictures to represent objects. Piaget’ preoperational stage Infants and Children (p.322-326). According to the checklist Ricky was not able to draw on some letters and sounds such as f, s, t, and r. According to the Speech and Language checklist list by the age of five the child should master or say these letters. I also used the Speech and Language assessment to see if he tell me the day and schedule in sequence. Ricky was not able to understand or comprehend what I was asking him. According to Jean Piaget a child should do well to clock time and daily schedule. (Last Name, Article Title, Year)I observed Ricky he moved form center to center he became station in the library and took a book with cars and trucks from the shelf and set down on the bean bag and open the book and pointing with his finger...
Childhood is a socially constructed concept. It is constructed and framed differently according to various political traditions, cultural and economic contexts as well as social norms (Goldson 2013). Every child experiences childhood differently according to variations in class, ethnicity, gender and disability (Goldson 2013). It is not a biologically fixed concept but has a changing image (Goldson 2013). Childhood also experiences a deserving and undeserving schism where the child is perceived as innocent and vulnerable and on the other hand as impulsive and in need of adult control and punishment (Goldson 2013).
Child development and growth observation can be quite fascinating considering the uniqueness of each child. As children grow, they normally develop and acquire new skills whether complex or not. The abilities experienced by each child progresses differently that is it depends on the nurturing given by the parent or guardian and on the characteristics that they inherit. Proper development and growth of the child occurs when basic needs are provided by the reliable adult guardians, including such things as love, food, encouragement, shelter and warmth. The essay evaluates child development and growth through observation conducted by myself on my nephew. The essay will include physical development, general health, emotional development,
Every parent wants to encourage their child and ensure that they are developing on pace with or even above their peers. How do parents give their children an opportunity to go above and beyond their appropriate developmental milestones? The answer lies in the hobbies of the child and how these activities affect their rate of development. Overall, involvement in activity leads to greater development in children. However, finding the activity that achieves developmental goals in physical, psychological, and social aspects can be difficult.
Child psychology, also known as child development, is the study of psychological growth of children; how these mechanisms develop from infancy to adolescence and why they deviate from one child to the next. Child development is associated with biological, psychological, and emotional diversity that occur in humans. Although there is a different advancement for each child, these developmental changes may be greatly determined by genetic factors and experience during prenatal life. The early years of a child’s life are very important for his or her health and development. Parents, health professionals, educators, and others can work together as partners to help children grow up to reach their full potential.
Human development has been a subject of interest since ancient Greece and Rome. Different approaches derive from two basic directions: the nativists` and empiricists` ones. The latter method is to regard human development as a gradual change which has been influenced by the individual`s experience .On the other hand, the former approach has found its roots in the biological structure of the human organism which considers our development as a series of stages. However, referring to human development only as continuous or gradual would produce inconsistent and insufficient understanding of the developmental process .As a result, combining ideas of both viewpoints(continuity and phases) will provide a more explicit of understanding of the developmental processes and their final aim which is to create individual`s integrity within the social norms.
As I personally take the time to have a reflection over the course of “Child and Adolescent Development” I find myself intrigued with the amount of knowledge I gained during this course this semester. I wanted to take the time to concentrate on three specific areas in which I felt I had the most growth, but also came as a challenge to me as well. It is important when reflecting over a course that I look at what I found to be challenging, as this was an opportunity of growth for me individually. In this paper I will review some of the main topics that I found to be interesting but also resourceful for my future aspiration not only as a family life educator but also a mother one day.