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Significance of human error in aviation
Significance of human error in aviation
Human Factors of American Airlines Flight 1420
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Human Factors in Cherokee Incidents
Airplanes are now the safest mode of transportation, with only a handful of accidents per period compared to the most popular mode of transportation, cars. Yet often enough non-aviators tend to fear airplane rides and worry about relatives flying into town. So why would someone fear the safest mode of transportation? One of the potential reasons is that when an aircraft does rarely crash, it almost always makes a headline, alerting the public of an airplane that crashed and increasing fear. It is not necessarily a poor choice to make an aviation incident newsworthy, but rather the public should realize that if the news reported every car crash, there would be no possibility of reporting everything; but,
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These factors are called human factors. Human factors are a broad range of items that can cause a human to lose their focus or capacity. Some such examples include sleep, stress, medication / drugs, illness, fatigue, disorganization, rushing, and a list of others. In order to demonstrate how these human factors affect the aviation industry, four incidents will be displayed and will show that human factors are too imperative to consider to be ignored. The incidents selected all involve the Piper Cherokee, one of the most popular aircraft ever …show more content…
These drugs were all used to lower his blood pressure. However, the next factor is what seems to be the cause of the crash, which is runway distortion. The bright lights of the runway in a dark area can easily distort even the most professional, and precautions should be taken against this. Also, the ATC did not follow up on the pilot who did not land, nor begin the overdue aircraft procedures, so the investigation was needlessly postponed for nineteen hours (NTSB, 2003).
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This final incident took place on November 20, 2002, in Salt Lake City, Utah, at 4 pm (NTSB, 2003). The crash involved a student pilot and the instructor, who were flying the Piper Arrow (the complex version of the Cherokee) for the first time. Previous training was conducted in the Diamond Alarus, so the intention of this flight was to familiarize the student with the aircraft for further training. The incident took no fatalities, but the aircraft was substantially damaged after hitting a taxi light and a taxiway sign during a touch-and-go. The human factor in this incident, as reported by the instructor, was that the Alarus had a flap switch similar to the landing gear switch in the Arrow, so after the student became relaxed in the aircraft, the student flipped the switch, retracting the landing gear and “bellying” the
The short story “Cherokee” written by Ron Rash is about a young married couple fighting to save their truck by gambling their last one hundred and fifty-seven dollars in slot machines at a casino in North Carolina. Rash did an impeccable job at creating two ordinary, everyday people by portraying their lives as the working poor of America. The two characters, Danny and Lisa, both work; however, they are barely making it by and fell behind on their truck payments. Throughout the short story is observed a theme of freedom, or lack thereof, not only through the plot but also through psychology and economics.
The Apache and Cherokee Indians, at face value, may seem as different as Native American tribes can be. They both had radically different methods of dealing with colonists and settlers in their territories, were located on opposite sides of the continent, and had vastly different ways of running their societies. Despite their differences, they were also alike in many ways, and among these likenesses was the idea of reciprocity, a chief similarity that the two groups shared.
As Americans sought to expand their settlements into Cherokee land, the Cherokee faced three choices: assimilate, leave their native land, or defend their sovereignty. The Cherokee Indians had lived on these lands of thousands of years before the colonist claimed it for the United States. Five million acres of land in Georgia was trying to be peaceably obtained from the Indians. The Cherokee Indians having already given portions of their lands in numerous Georgia treaties wanted to hold onto what little land they had left. When the Americans continued to occupy land that they believed they deserved the Cherokee Indians were left with no alternative but to try to defend their sovereignty.
What is a leader? According to the dictionary a leader is a "person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country." (Merriam Webster) Though that may be what the term leader is defined by, one would assume that it takes much more to be considered a "good" one. A leader, is in many cases the voice of the people, he is the one whom everyone looks to in a time of panic, the one whom the people entrust to make the hard decisions and the one whom is supposed to value his constituents wants and need. Unfortunately most leaders fall short of accomplishing the things they set out to do, "as principal chief during the 1830s John Ross faced the most critical period in Cherokee History, and somehow
The thesis statement "In preparing for the Cherokee Removal, state, and federal officials were motivated solely by desire to seize the Natives' land." First off, who is preparing for the removal? Was it the white settlers or was it entailing the natives themselves? The thesis statement is not complex enough and fails to mention the Trail of Tears or the preparations that were taken to remove the Cherokee's. In this way, the full historical picture is avoided making the thesis difficult to under why and how the natives were affected.
The Native Americans of the southeast live in a variety of environments. The environments range from the southern Appalachian Mountains, to the Mississippi River valley, to the Louisiana and Alabama swamps, and the Florida wetlands. These environments were bountiful with various species of plant and animal life, enabling the Native American peoples to flourish. “Most of the Native Americans adopted large-scale agriculture after 900 A.D, and some also developed large towns and highly centralized social and political structures.” In the first half of the 1600s Europeans encountered these native peoples. Both cultures encountered new plants, animals, and diseases. However, the Indians received more diseases compared to the few new diseases to the Europeans. The new diseases resulted in a massive loss of Native Americans, including the Southeast Indians which had never encountered the new diseases. Three of the main tribes in the southeast were the Cherokee and the Creek. They were part of a group of southeast tribes that were removed from their lands. These tribes later became known as “The Five Civilized Tribes because of their progress and achievements.”
At the time Andrew Jackson was president, there was a fast growing population and a desire for more land. Because of this, expansion was inevitable. To the west, many native Indian tribes were settled. Andrew Jackson spent a good deal of his presidency dealing with the removal of the Indians in western land. Throughout the 1800’s, westward expansion harmed the natives, was an invasion of their land, which led to war and tension between the natives and America, specifically the Cherokee Nation.
The early 1800’s was a crucial time of growth for the United States. With the victory over the English in the War of 1812 under their belt the government and settlers felt confident in the stability of their new country. There was one thing, however, that seemed to be an obstacle for the white-settlers; Natives still dwelled on and owned a majority of the land. In 1814 Andrew Jackson led and won the Battle of Horseshoe Bend against the Creek nation, this defeat cost the Creeks 22 million acres of land that is now modern day South Georgia and Central Alabama . This was only one of many instances where the native people lost their land. The white American population was sky rocketing and the need for more land was critical for the young country’s
The Colgan Air Flight 3407 was a very interesting case to look at. On February 12, 2009, at 10:17 pm, flight 3407 crashed at a house in New York after the pilots experience a stall. Flight 3407 was scheduled to fly from Newark, New Jersey to Buffalo, New York. The NTSB reported the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) revealed some discrepancies both pilots were experience. The first officer did not have any experience with icing condition but icing was one of the reasons the plane went into a stall. On the other hand, the captain had some experience flying in icing condition. The captain was experiencing fatigue, which indeed, made him unfit to recover from a stall. With that in mind, the Human Factor Analysis Classification System (HFACS) will give insight of some errors both pilots made.
New Echota was the capital of the Cherokee nation from 1825 until 1832. Although it is now a historical site, it used to be a town inhabited by the Cherokee Indian tribe. At first they called it Gansagi, but they renamed it to New Echota, which means “New Town”, when it became the capitol. The Cherokee Indians that lived at New Echota were highly civilized. They also worked hard and governed themselves. The town included such things as a Council House, a Supreme Court, a print shop, a mission station, stores, churches, taverns, and houses. It even had its own newspaper called the Cherokee Phoenix, which was written in their native script and in English. New Echota was only busy when the Cherokee Council meetings were held, this also
Before there was a United States of America, there were tribes of Native Americans living off the land. In the southeastern part of the country, the largest group of Native Americans were the Cherokee people (Boulware, 2009). Cherokees are networked through vast kinship lines that separates them from other tribes in the region (Boulware, 2009). They once occupied a territory that ran throughout the Appalachian Mountains (Boulware, 2009). Cherokees spoke a common language known as Iroquoian, different from the surrounding tribes (Boulware, 2009).
advantage of the rich black soil for farming. Corn was their main source of food,
In old, but not so ancient times, native americans populated our land widely with different tribes diverged. One of the most widely known and popular tribes was named the Cherokee tribe and was formed as early as 1657. Their history is vast and deep, and today we will zone into four major points of their culture: their social organizations and political hierarchy, the tribe’s communication and language, a second form of communication in their arts and literature, and the Cherokee’s religion.
After England's acceptance of the terms of the peace made with France and Spain in 1763, in which France gave Louisiana to Spain, the grants formerly made to the six English colonies were considered good only to the Mississippi River. During the American Revolution and soon there after these former colonies were considered good only to the Mississippi River. During the American Revolution and soon thereafter these former colonies, now states of the Union ceded their unoccupied western lands to the government of the United States, thereby establishing the so-called public domain. Of these states, the last to cede its western lands was Georgia, which in 1802 surrendered all claim to land included in the present states of Alabama and Mississippi. This cession was made by what was known as the Georgia Compact. It also provided that the United States should at its own expense extinguish for the use of Georgia the Indian title to all lands within the state as soon as it could be done peaceably and upon reasonable terms.
The debate over the legality of sovereignty and acquired lands from the native Americans, specifically the Cherokee, has long been debated. The issues involved have included treaties, land sold, and the right of the Government to physically enforce their rules on Indian land "sovereignty". This paper will examine the strategy used by the Federal Governments, the State Governments as well as those of the Cherokee Indians. The three-way relationship as well as the issues will examine how the interpretation of the Constitution changed society prior to the year of 1840.