CSR and supply chain responsibility
Supply Chain Responsibility is the chain-wide reflection of issues beyond the narrow economic, technical and legal needs of the supply chain to achieve social and more importantly (in the ongoing era of global warming and natural disaster) ecological advantages along with the conventional financial expands. However, according to Laura Spence and Michael Bourlakis (2009) the key features of supply chain responsibility are:
• A chain-wide commitment to achieving social and environmental benefits.
• The legitimacy and possibility of all links in the chain to have a voice.
• Genuine partnership approach.
• Acknowledgement of different approaches to ethics by different organisational forms within the supply chain.
Corporate social responsibility highlighted on the governance of the individual business. The move towards supply chain responsibility involves the extension of movement to the entire supply chain. According to Spekman and Davis (2004) ‘SCR involves taking responsibility beyond the extended enterprise.’’
CSR along with Accountability
Accountability is one of the practices whereby a corporation seeks to ensure integrity. Responsible lead¬ers are apprehensive with integration and aligning the demands, needs, interests, and values of employees, customers, suppliers, communities, shareholders, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), the environment, and society at large (Frame, 2005). Frynas (2005) states that accountability is more than making false promises. In the oil, gas, and mining sectors, despite the promise of CSR and the spending of over US $500 million in 2001 alone on a long list of com¬munity development programs and other CSR initiatives, the effectiveness of the initiatives has ...
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...ring; Yin (1994, P.34). The author, in order to construct validity of this study, has used not only the data provided by the CSR policies of Waitrose but also the data given by the respondent and vice versa. The researcher agrees here that she has relied more on the data given by few respondents mainly due to time constraint. The number of interviews and respondent should be increased to achieve superior validity within this test.
Internal validity
The internal validity test is very useful in expounding whether the empirical findings match with the main research questions of such a study or not; Yin (1994, P.106). Within this study, the researcher has conducted interviews. The respondent also gave her the chance to ask follow-up questions when it is necessary for her. All these facts have given her the ability to fulfil and to answer her main research question.
An organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) drives them to look out for the different interests of society. Most business corporations undertake responsibility for the impact of their organizational pursuits and various activities on their customers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment. With the high volume of general competition between different companies and organizations in varied fields, CSR has become a morally imperative commitment, more than one enforced by the law. Most organizations in the modern world willingly try to improve the general well-being of not only their employees, but also their families and the society as a whole.
Companies have presented investigations about their motivation towards voluntarily social and environmental as insolvent. This paper argues in agreement with Adam’s view that the goal of CSR reporting is to promote credibility and corporate image of stakeholders operating in a particular industry. Whereas companies must focus their efforts on enhancing their profitability, they should also ensure that the welfare of other stakeholders is protected.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the set of regulations that an organization makes to protect and increase the society in which it functions. There are three areas of social responsiblity: Organizational stakeholders, the natural environment and general social welfare.
Many vehicle manufacturers have paid more attention on CSR to sustain their business development. Environmental management schemes, green supply chain management and labor codes of conduct are widely recognized and implemented within the industry (Martinuzzi et al., 2011). Automakers also rate it more important comparing to other factors of the company. For instance, the disclosure of the general movement of social and environmental accountability, according to the established opinion leaders in the automotive industry, is increasingly positioned at the forefront of any economy and business context (Russo-Spena et al.,
I begin this essay by defining CSR, there are many definitions for this term by various different theorists, and EU says that CSR is "A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis." On the other hand, Sloman et al. define it as "The concept in which a firm takes into account is the interests and concerns of a community rather than just its shareholder". Davis and Blomstrom (1966), say it "Refers to a person’s obligation to consider the effects of his decisions and actions on the whole social system". These definitions differ from one another in many ways but they agree that CSR involves taking the environment into account and therefore, one must look take social responsibility.
They also revealed that different industries expect to get dissimilar benefits from implementing CSR. For instance, oil industry prefers regulatory protection because implementation of CSR can help them build good relationship with regulatory agencies; while retail industry want to have better risk management to prevent them from risk such as consumer boycotts and lawsuits avoid lawsuits (Moore et al., 2012). It is to say if companies from different industries can gain want they want, CSR is more likely to be increased.
The environmental aspect of CSR is defined as the duty to cover the environmental implications of the company’s operations, products and facilities; eliminate waste and emissions; maximize the efficiency and productivity of its resources; and minimize practices that might adversely affect the enjoyment of the country’s resources by future generations. In the emerging global economy, where the Internet, the news media and the information revolution shine light on business practices around the world, companies are more frequently judged on the basis of their environmental stewardship. Partners in business and consumers want to know what is inside a company. This transparency
Sustainable supply chain is defined as having products and practices that are socially responsible which not only brings in long term profit but also protect the environment. This comprises of social development and technical developments which builds on concepts such as close loop supply chain management and eco-label supply chain management. Sustainability also requires constant innovation in the supply chain which meets the needs of present and future to ensure a better quality of life for generations to come. For sustainability of products, the products need to be tracked and evaluated in all stages within the supply chain to ensure that processes are environmentally friendly.
Internal validity has two components. First, the estimator of the causal effect must be unbiased and consistent. Second, the standard errors of the estimator must be appropriate to conduct a hypothesis test. Threats to internal validity include omitted variable bias, functional
‘Supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. It encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, thir- party service providers, and customers’. (Web: Council for Supply Chain Management Pr...
While the concept of an individual having responsibility is commonly recognized, modern views have lead to the emerging issue of corporate responsibility. Business Directory.com defines corporate social responsibility as, “A company’s sense of responsibility towards the community and environment (both ecological and social) in which it operates. Companies express this citizenship (1) through their waste and pollution reduction processes, (2) by contributing educational and social programs, and (3) by earning adequate returns on the employed resources.” But such a concept has been much disputed since at least the 1970’s.
Now-a-days it is considered that CSR is one of the major concerns of organization’s business ethics. Companies increasingly increase their corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ethical management accepting the positive impact on the bottom line. The vast bulk of Standard & Poor’s 500 companies publish sustainability reports unfolding their program challenges and achievements. These pre-emptive efforts can pr...
A supply chain is a network of facilities that procure raw materials, transform them into intermediate goods and then final products, and deliver the products to customers through a distribution system [1]. The basic objective of supply chain is to “optimize performance of the chain to add as much value as possible for the least cost possible.
Corporate Social Responsibility is an organisation’s obligation to serve the company’s own interest and the one’s of the society. Moreover, Corporate Social Responsibility has a definition of a concept where the companies integrate social and the environmental concerns into their own business operation and also on a basis of voluntary with their interactions they have with the stakeholders. Corporate Social Resp...
Corporate social responsibility is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby a business monitors and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international norms. In some models, a firm's implementation of CSR goes beyond compliance and engages in "actions that appear to further some social good, beyond the interests of the firm and that which is required by law.” CSR is a process with the aim to embrace responsibility for the company's actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere who may also be considered as stakeholders. The term "corporate social responsibility" became popular in the 1960s and has remained a term used indiscriminately by many to cover legal and moral responsibility more narrowly construed