Aim
• The experiment has three objectives:
• Validation of the Boyle’s gas law
• Determination of the gas moles used in the experiment
• Establishing the Universal Gas Constant (R)
Introduction / Background
Gases take one form of physical appearance for substances. By definition, a gas represents a grouping of molecules at a high energy such that the volume it occupies is determined by container, and can be molded and compressed into smaller packages via reduction of energy. Manipulating energy is the gases results into a change in form and physical appearance, which engages various phases from solid, liquid and gas. In the gaseous form the pressure (P), volume (V), absolute temperature of the gas (T), molar gas constant (R) and the number of moles (n) are the factors that can be manipulated to derive various characteristics of the gas to establish a relationship between the characteristic of the gas (Castka, Metcalfe, Davis, & Williams, 2002).
The traits of a gas in its ideal form are governed by the relationship: PV = n RT (Guch, 2003). A change in either of the values in the relationship results in a change to the other variable of the gas. Assessing the behavior of gases via manipulation of the characteristics is done by holding the factors constant (Zumdahl, 1998). Where the number of gas moles, molar gas constant, and volume of the gas remain constant, a change in the temperature of the gas results to a change in the pressure as well. The ideal relationship between the gas factors is quite complex to be evaluated since it involves holding three of the five factors constant while two factors are assessed. Different gas laws derived from the ideal gas law can be evaluated individually since control can be easier conducted in l...
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...oth values of P obtained.
• There was no temperature change; else, it would not have remained constant failing to validate Boyle’s law.
• Converting the pressures into absolutes was not necessary in calculating R.
Summary/ Conclusion
The experiment validated the relationship between pressure and volume, thus proves Boyle’s law. The universal gas constant that was obtained was lower than the theoretical value, which could have been attributed to errors in the experiment.
References
Castka, J. F., Metcalfe, H. C., Davis, R. E., & Williams, J. E. (2002). Modern Chemistry. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Guch, I. (2003). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Chemistry. New York: Alpha, Penguin Group Inc.
Meyer, S. (2011). Gases and Their Properties. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group.
Zumdahl, S. S. (1998). Chemical Principles. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
2. Cooper, M. M., Cooperative Chemistry Laboratory Manual, McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, 2009, p. 60.
This chemistry book report is focus on a book called “Napoleon's buttons: How 17 molecules changed history” by Penny Le Couteur and Jay Burreson. The publisher of this book is Tarcher Putnam, the book was published in Canada on 2003 with 17 chapters (hey the number match the title of the book!) and a total of 378 pages. The genre of this book is nonfiction. “Napoleon's Buttons” contain a fascinating story of seventeen groups of molecules that have greatly changed the course of history and continuing affect the world we live in today. It also reveal the astonishing chemical connection among some unrelated events, for example: Chemistry caused New Amsterdamers to be renamed New Yorkers and one little accident of detonating cotton apron in a minor housekeeping mishap lead to the development of modern explosives and the founding of the movie industry.
It was learned that changing the volume of the same substance will never change the boiling point of the substance. However having two different substances with the same volume will result in two different boiling points. The purpose of this lab was to determine if changing the volume of a substance will change the boiling point. This is useful to know in real life because if someone wanted to boil water to make pasta and did not know how much water to
middle of paper ... ... The Web. 22 Feb. 2014. http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history>.
We thank the University of Oklahoma and the chemistry faculty for providing the space, instructions, and equipment for the development of this report and experiment.
5. In a gas increasing the pressure means molecules are more squashed up together, so there will be more collisions. My Investigation. I am going to investigate the concentration variable. I have chosen this because in my opinion it will be the easiest one to measure.
3. Corey, E. J., Barbara Czako, and Laszlo Kurti. Molecules and medicine. New Jersey: John
Bruce Mattson. “Henry Cavendish 1731-1810”. History of Gas Chemistry. Updated September 25, 2001. Retrieved December 1, 2011
The molar mass of butane gas (C4H10)can be obtained theoretically by using a periodic table, but by rearranging the ideal gas law equation (PV = nRT) to n =PVRT, the experimental molar mass of butane gas can be found. In the equation, P= pressure in atmosphere, V= volume in liters, n= moles, R= 0.0821, and T= temperature in kelvin. To find the values for the equation, the mass of the butane released from a pressurized container and the volume of that gas will be found, and the method of water displacement at room conditions will be used to find the rest of the values. Then, the molar mass will
Quantitative measurements on gases were first made in a rational manner by the English chemist Robert Boyle (1627 - 1691). The instruments used by Boyle to measure pressure were two: the manometer, which measures differences in pressure, and the barometer, which measures the total pressure of the atmosphere.
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Plontke, R. (2003, March 13). Chemnitz UT. TU Chemnitz: - Technische Universität Chemnitz. Retrieved April 1, 2014, from http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/en/
Chemistry is critical to resolving today’s problems. Each day's news contains concerns where chemistry matters, everything from quicker and affordable drug development, cleaner and more efficient fuel sources, safer air and purified drinking water, the design of faster computers and molecular machines, biotechnology to develop fitness and food sources across the globe, nanotechnology to reduce the size and ecological impact of many consumer goods, and green industrial procedures to limit pollution. Recent technical innovations and enrichments have undoubtedly added immensely to the applications of chemistry. So, I ask myself, why not chemistry? I see chemistry as the answer to the question of human’s survival, the hope of better days to come, careers to be established, and influences to be
Physics is the branch of science, which deals with the motion, and the causes of the motion on a specific body. However, what causes this motion? The answer is forces that are in action. This subject of motion under forces is termed as Mechanics. Every object around us shows some type of motion, for example Sun and the other planets are going in circular motion and many other examples are all undergoing in the action of some kind of forces. The motion of fluids or liquids under the action of some forces is termed as fluid mechanics. Fluids may include any type of liquids, gasses, or plasma. The study of these phases and their motion is very important and they have been widely used in many modern life applications.