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Infectious disease global epidemic
Smoking cessation using behavior modification
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Recommended: Infectious disease global epidemic
To begin with,a health practisioner may fascilate behaviour change in an individual with a health
risk behaviour through the application of different behaviour change theories and strategies.
In general,health risk behaviours are actions which may threaten an individual's health causing
negative effects(Barkway,2009).Until the mid 20th century,global health threats were primarily a
result of infectious and communicable diseases.However,recently in developed countries,health
threats are now posed by diseases in which lifestyle play a role in the causation and or
management of illness.For instance,the modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease,a
leading cause of disease burden are tobacco smoking,high blood pressure and high colesterol
level which are eventually related to health behaviour and lifestyle(Barkway,2009).
This essay will first introduce the health risk behaviour,in this case,smoking.Secondly,it will
decribes the theories or models of behaviour change, which are thecognitive and non cognitive
theories, transtheoritical model of behaviour change and motivational interwiewing.Lastly,it will
mention the different health strategies and how it aids in bringing about behaviour change
followed by the conclusion.
Jones(as cited in Jons and Creedy,2008) states that large proportion of the morbidity and
mortality associated with lifestyle diseases is preventable.It is also estimated that 25 % of all
cancer deaths and a large propotion of deaths from coronory heart disease and stroke could be
prevented by modifying just one behaviour,that is,cigratte smoking(Taylor as cited in Jons and
Creedy,2008).In addition,Allen(as cited in Jons and Creedy,2008) sta...
... middle of paper ...
... and withdrawal symptoms. Currently, bupropion (Zyban) and varenicline
(Chantix) are the only two medications that don’t contain nicotine which are approved as
smoking cessation aids. These anti-smoking pills are intended for short-term use.
(Lhrar,Segal&Smith,2008).
To sum up,it seems that a health practisioner can fascilate behaviour change through the
understanding and application of various behaviour change theories, and different considerable
strategies.The different theories seem to educate and guide a health practisioner through the
processes of behaviour change . It is also noted that, behaviour change requires willingness or
determination from an individual with a health risk behaviour and a health practisioner's
knowledge on how and through what strategies to bring about that change to achieve the goal of
fascilating behaviour change.
My Negative eating habits and recent medical troubles are what prompted me to choose a healthier diet as my behavior Change Projects. I recently went to the doctor and I was informed of my high triglyceride levels and I was put on medication. In addition, I am vitamin D and B deficient. After, visiting my doctor I knew I had to make a change in my life. In the Past year I have gained a little over ten pounds. So not only is this project helping me improve my diet, but has also given me a new incentive to lose those extra pounds.
John, a 15 year old male, is an 8th grade student attending a local middle school. John is a transfer student from another state and he been placed into an inclusion classroom because he has been identified as a student with a disability and requires an IEP. Lately, John has been verbally and physically disruptive during math class. Some of the disruptive behaviors John often exhibit in the classroom include making loud noises and jokes during instruction, calling his peers names, physically touching his peers, and grabbing group materials. John’s teacher collected data and learned that his verbal disruptive behavior occurs 4-8 times during each sixty minute class meeting, and his physical group disruptions occur 75% of the time he works with a group. After meeting with John’s other teachers, his math teacher learned that his disruptive behavior is only present during math class. According to John’s math test scores on his IEP, his math instructor also learned that math is a challenging subject for John and he is significantly below grade level. Both John’s math teacher and his IEP team reached an agreement that they would like to decrease the number of times John disrupts instruction and eventually eliminate the disruptive behavior. The replacement behavior for John is to remain focused and on task during math instruction and assigned activities without triggering any disruptions (i.e., distracting loud noises or jokes causing the class to go into a laughing uproar, physical contact with peers, name calling, or grabbing his peers’ materials). Instead of John being punished for his disruptive behavior, the replacement behavior would allow him to remain in math class, and he will also be able to receive posit...
Mr. A is burdened with both of these diseases and he may suffer from further complications in the future do to his condition. Public health education campaigns can inform Mr. A that he is experiencing a pre-contemplation behavioural stage in which he is not aware of a need to change his current lifestyle. As previously stated, the case shows that study Mr. A is not currently living a lifestyle that supports the management of his current health conditions. In conjunction with the transtheoretical theory, health campaigns can inform Mr A about his diagnosed conditions and encourage him to change his habits by understanding the 6 behavioural stages. Although the transtheoretical model of can be beneficial in educating Mr. A’s behaviour. Addition of maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory would yield a better outcome for Mr. A by explaining why he has not currently changed his behaviour. Communities can additionally help to support Mr. A by taking on the role of facilitating, participating, fundraising and volunteering in health promotions. With the amalgamation of the knowledge of behavioural theories, exposure to multimodal education campaigns and communities participating in health education interventions, Mr. A can be informed if his current health
One of the key components of the human condition is the capacity to change. People can change their attitudes, their beliefs, their behaviors and more. They can change for the positive and for the negative. There are numerous elements to understanding change and there are several theories devoted to understanding change and helping to bring about positive change. These different theories include the Transtheoretical Model, Social Cognitive Theory, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.1 Each theory has merit and may apply to different people at different times. However, there are some key elements that span several theories, that tend to frequently bring about change.
The media today concentrates intently on drug and alcohol abuse, homicides, AIDS, and so on. What a lot of people aren’t realizing is that coronary disease actually accounts for about 80% of sudden deaths. In fact, the number of deaths from heart disease approximately equals to the number of deaths from cancer, chronic lung disease, pneumonia and influenza, and others combined.
Most people have an aspiration to get rid of a certain unhealthy behaviour or to employ a new health behaviour that would benefit their wellbeing. Some examples include a wish to stop smoking, eating a balanced diet or getting rid of a sedentary lifestyle. Many psychologists have been trying to find a model that would help people fight these kinds of unwanted health behaviours. One of such is the Transtheoretical model of behavioural change (TTM) which will be the main focus of this essay. Specifically, how one’s sedentary lifestyle can be changed by bringing out a systematic exercising routine using TTM.
One of the leading causes of death in the United States is heart disease. “Approximately every 29 seconds one American will have a heart attack, and once a minute one American will die from a heart attack” (Ford-Martin and Odle, 915). According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine men over the age of 45 and women over the age of 55 are considered at risk for heart disease. Heart disease is a major cause of death. It is beneficial to individuals who seek to prevent heart disease to recognize the risks leading to heart attacks as they are one of the primary indications of developing heart disease; especially those that fall into the at risk age groups. These risks consist of some that cannot be changed such as heredity risks, or those that can change such as smoking habits. It is very important to know these specific risks for prevention and to understand the symptoms of heart attacks, such as sweating or the feeling of weakness so if these or other symptoms occur people are aware. Finally heart disease treatment is of vital importance if you experience a heart attack so you can learn how to prevent another one from occurring.
Cancer has become the one of the most feared things for human beings. The various type of cancer have been discovered and there are still a lot of it that undiscoverable. Cancer is a complex disease that have a group of disease. The cancer itself cannot be describe by words. The causes of this cancer is still not being able to be discovered fully. There are only minor factor that can lead to this disease. The carcinogens are believed to be one of the causes that lead to cancer such as asbestos, radon gas, tobacco, PVC and much more from our chemical industries. The environment especially near to the industrial that produce chemical waste can be one of the causes lead to cancer. Cancer also have relation with our age, lifestyle, and diet and also can be genetically inherited. It is believed that older people have higher tendency to get cancer than younger people. Our lifestyle and diet also plays a role causing a cancer by our daily life routine. Smoking tobacco and eating unconsciously (still in research) can also increase the possibility to get cancer especially lung cancer that cause by smoking tobacco. There are several cases, cancer were inherited from their parents. Various type of viruses such as HIV, HPV, EBV and many more virus has a high capabilities to increase the chance a patient to get a cancer because these viruses lower their body immunity to disease.
According to Doll and Peto, tobacco use accounts for about 30% of all annual cancer deaths while dietary choices account for 35% of the annual deaths.
For years people have tried to figure out one big question. What is the real cause of cancer? After much research, the statistics say that cancer is a disease of the modern world (Stevenson 1). A few main factors that cause cancer are the use of tobacco, industrial agents, and a person’s weight and diet. (Landau 2-4). The modern environment and everyday lifestyle of people contain factors that cause cancer.
The Transtheoretical Model is used to understand how individuals change health behaviors. Use of this model aids in developing interventions, appropriate for each stage of the change process. The model includes a total of six stages of change, which are: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination (Glanz, Rimer, & Viswanath, 2015). During the precontemplation stage, individuals have no intentions of taking action to change their behaviors within the following six months. During the contemplation stage individuals have an intention to change their behavior within the next six months. Individuals of the preparation stage, intend to take action to change the health behavior within the next 30 days. Action
...ange or doesn’t evaluate that change as attainable, there is no behavioral intent and ultimately no change in behavior. This idea lends itself to other situations such as mandatory attendance to rehabilitation programs wherein people almost never recover because they don’t want to change. In this light motivation is one of the most influential factors of creating lifestyle transformation.
Technological advancement has often outperformed scientific knowledge associated with the causes that determine health. Increasing complications in social organization increase the possibilities by which multiple agents can disturb health, including factors such as those that risk physical health like venomous chemicals or radiation, restricted access to sanitary and pure natural resources, and the infinite amalgamation of them all. Decisions taken in areas apparently detached from health frequently have the prospect to have an impact on people’s health in either positive or negative manner due to a large number of links and connections in modern life. Health is an area comprised of highly intricate systems, which can be accidentally disturbed in unpredictable ways and end up in adverse health concerns that may be serious and irrevocable.
For my health behavior change project, I decide to try to see if I actually change my behavior in always drinking soda. Ever since I was little I have always drunk soda. Of course I love other drinks like lemonade or iced tea but soda is my go to drink. My mom drank a lot of soda when she was pregnant with me so I definitely think that that is a contributing factor to my addiction. She also had kept bottles of soda in the house at all times, as I was growing up. Throughout elementary school and high school, I was very active, I was on every sports team possible. I always drank water during practices and games but when I came home I always drank soda. Because I was so active and always drank water during workouts, I never really thought that
Over two thirds of deaths in each year among estimated yearly deaths are due to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetics, cancer and upper res...