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What is the impact of leadership behavior
Challenges Of Authoritarian Leadership Style
Similarities in autocratic vs laissez-faire leadership styles
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As a summer camp counselor, I am responsible for many different kids from different backgrounds. These kids do not always have guidance from an adult. If they do have a parent figure, the adult most likely utilizes different leadership styles to raise the child. Dealing with 10-12 year olds is difficult because they often believe they are in charge. I frequently had issues with the campers not listening for the first few days of camp, which is when the authoritarian style came to use. In order to have a bond with the campers and not be viewed as another evil adult, I tried to give them as much freedom as possible through the utilization of the laissez-faire style. In order to successfully control the kids without receiving resentment, I had …show more content…
As John Maner stated, “Neither strategy is necessarily better than the other.” Through experience, I have confirmed this claim when referring to dealing with children as a counselor. Authoritarian style leadership is good when trying to get campers to listen and behave. Though, too much of the authoritarian style, and the children resent you. If campers were to resent me, I would not be able to effectively do my job: make the week as fun as possible for the kids. This would lead to my own discontent with my job, possibly leading me to quit. However, if I do not use authoritarian style in addition to laissez-faire leadership style, the kids will not listen to me. Laissez-faire style is effective in allowing the children to have fun and look up to their counselors as role models. However, if there is too much freedom, the children would run wild and possibly harm themselves or others, and potentially damage camp property. My job is not only to make sure the campers are having fun, but it is also to make sure they are safe. If the kids are not safe, I have failed my job, which may result in my dismissal. Too much of either style, and I have failed my job, which is why it is necessary to balance both styles in order to effectively earn the children’s respect while also allowing them to have
Loweistein, K. (1953). The Role Of Ideologies in Political Change. New York: International Social Science Bulletin.
In a seminal work, Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, and Sanford (1950) coined the term authoritarian personality and stated that it was characterised by strong adherence to externally imposed conventional norms, as well as submission or obedience to the authorities that promote those norms. According to Adorno and colleagues, these behaviours are attempts to deal with various personal insecurities. Specifically, authoritar- ian individuals displace their own anxieties onto weak minority groups in their culture (e.g., ethnic and/or religious minorities) or onto people who deviate from social norms (e.g., homosexuals). Displacement is often accompanied by associated beliefs that are highly evaluative and rigid. Other characteristics of the authoritarian personality include a cynical view of mankind, cognitive and emotional inflexibility. A belief in the need for power and toughness, the tendency to act harshly towards nonconformists, opposition to subjective or imaginative tendencies, and an exaggerated concern with promiscuity. Adler (1965) re-examined the personality char- acteristics described by Adorno and colleagues and noted that the central trait of the authoritarian personality is the ‘‘will to power over others’’, which results in aggressive overcompensation for feelings of inferiority and insignificance. Contemporary research continues to rely on many of the conceptualisations and measures originated by Adorno and colleagues (Martin, 2001; Stone, Lederer, & Christie, 1993).
Most studies show that children from authoritarian families may be somewhat well-behaved. But they also tend to be less resourceful, have poorer social skills, and lower self-esteem. Compared with children from authoritative households, children exposed to authoritarian discipline may also achieve less at school.
While authoritarian parents have many structure and household rules, they don’t explain to their children the underlying reason for these rules.
Lewin, Leppit, and White were cautious in the conclusions the drew from this study. They noted that autocratic leadership does get results and is preferred over democratic leadership. However they observed that autocratic leadership can create tension, apathy, frustration, and dependence by the group on the leader. Further, the researchers found that some of the differences in the behaviors of the children were associated with the presence or absence of the leader. Specifically, constructive effort declined in the autocratically controlled children groups. Finally, they observed very little value in laissez-faire control ---an essentially “no-leader” approach to leadership.
Leadership is a quality many of us strive to achieve. To be an excellent leader has been an elusive quest. However, the pursuit of excellent leadership is movement in the right direction. In this paper we will examine the major types of leadership styles. The three types are, Participative or Democratic, Laissez-Faire, and Authoritative.
The authoritarian style of parenting is control focused and militaristic in approach. This parent has high expectations and demands strict obedience. They often rule by fear and punishment. Dr. Gwen Dewar states, “… Little nurturing, lots of psychological control” (Dewar). On Consistant-parenting-advice.com the author communicates this type of parenting can result in abusive discipline that can be emotional and physical; however this writer is also including verbal abuse to the list.
In the past people believed that leaders are born not made. Now the definition of leadership has been changed because now we believe that leaders can be made through education. Leadership plays important part in every field and organization to achieve higher goal. According to Kelly, “leadership is a process of influence in which the leader influences others toward goal achievement” (Kelly & Crawford, 2013, p. 168). Nowadays there are many leadership theories and have different perspective and suggestion. I have chosen two theories to discuss in this paper that is Autocratic leadership theory the Transformational leadership theory. Both theories are total contradictory with each other because both have a different perspective.
Donald Trump is known for his eccentricity and unconventional businesses practices. He exhibits an unconventional leadership style. Donald Trump started early to develop his personal brand, this is exhibited by every piece of real estate Mr. Trump owns. Every casino, building or golf course has his name on it. He is eccentric, powerful, but yet he makes very smart business decisions. He is also a risk taker. All these business skills have made him a very well recognized business leader, and one of the nations most known billionaires. Donald Trump has appeared in many magazines, has written a couple of books, and even gotten his own show on NBC called “The Apprentice”. But what makes Donald Trump successful in almost every endeavor he takes on? Was he born a leader? or did he just become a great leader. There are certain characteristics common in all leaders. Some of those are values, skills and cognitive abilities. Mr. Trump exhibits all of these traits. If this is what has made him as successful as he is, why are certain leaders not able to achieve his type of success? Perhaps he has something extra that has propelled him above everybody else. Everything that he touches seems to turn to gold. Donald Trump’s leadership styles have made him rich, powerful, famous and known through out the world. This paper will examine some of those leadership styles.
These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well each style has its own advantages such as; acceptance by peers with commonality. Child rearing for most parents is an evolving set of skills. It could be said that, with any style of parenting, there is no explicit set of rules for every situation, and what works for one child may not be effective for another. Even though authoritarian and permissive parenting may have some minor similarities they are remarkably different from one another in their approach to raising children.
Authoritarian-parents who are punitive and focus on gaining a child's obedience to parental demands rather than responding to the demands of the child.Authoritarian parenting styles give little to no options to a child. What the parent says goes. It is a rigid approach to raising children that may have been most effective in times of great famine or toil. It was used most commonly in large, traditional families in which the father was the patriarch, and everyone else was called to follow his command. Times have changed greatly since. Doctors see a problem with this approach in modern times,it creates a distance between parent and child in which the child doubts the parent's love for him. It is based on punishment, which can easily create anger.
Authoritarian parents, show very little acceptance, have very high expectations of their children and are extremely controlling. These parents are strict, and use a prohibitive and punishment method. According to a research done by Kimberly Kopko from Cornell University, it “reveals that adolescents of authoritarian parents learn that following parental rules and adherence to strict discipline is valued over independent behavior. As a result, adolescents may become rebellious or dependent” (2). The adolescents who come to be rebellious may showcase hostile behaviors, while those who are passive are likely to stay relying on their parents (2).
This style is a wonderful approach to raising a child. The authoritative parent is a reasonable parent who establishes rules that are to be followed but will discuss the effects a child's choices and his or her consequences. Authoritative parents are also able to adjust their expectations for each individual child according to their child's personality and temperament. As a mom of three children, I can relate to this type of child rearing. I would like to say that this is my style because I do expect a lot out of my children and I make very clear their expectations, but I also love them more than anything, am sensitive to each of their particular needs and have a wonderful one-on-one relationship with each of them. I, agree wholeheartedly, that each child needs to have different expectations placed on them based on their particular personality and temperament. My youngest son is extremely sensitive. If I just look at him with an upset look on my face, he knows he is in trouble and starts to cry. My older daughter, on the other hand, is stubborn and bossy, and of course knows everything! It takes an entirely different approach to "get through to her" then it does my youngest son. Another interesting aspect of the authoritative parenting style is that authoritative parents gradually allow their children more and more responsibility, allowing their child to "grow up." This, I believe, is an extremely part
). Burke et al (2006) suggested that transactional leadership, based on contingent rewards, can have a positive effect on followers' satisfaction and performance. However, a transactional leader focuses on management tasks, and will not identify shared values of a team. By contrast, transformational leaders inspire others with their vision and work together with their team to identify common values (Marquis and Huston 2009). The transactional approach is task-orientated and can be effective when meeting deadlines, or in emergencies such as when dealing with a cardiac arrest. This approach can lead to non-holistic patient care, because nurses focus on the task they need to complete, rather than the patient as a whole (Bach and Ellis 2011).
Authoritarian parenting, is low on warmth/nurturance, harsh, and strict on discipline, and high on expectation. Parents instruct and order, they do not consider the children 's opinion as a group, and discourage verbal give-and-take. With this parenting style, children are more susceptible to antisocial peer pressure during adolescence, a time when peer influence is the greatest. Boys in this category have the highest level of violence. Teenagers become less self-reliant, persistent, socially poised, and have lower self-esteem.