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Art therapy essay
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Introduction Drawings and other self-generated forms of visual art produced by people suffering from mental illness sparked the interest of psychiatrists around the end of the 19th century. They were considered “outpourings of the mind in turmoil” (Rubin 6). Fascinated by these samples of artwork, psychiatrists began to study them in an attempt to better understand the creator and the illness. Art therapy is a fluid, adaptable and evolving field. Today art therapists employ a variety of methods and work in a variety of rehabilitation settings, but the focus of this paper is the use and benefits of visual art therapy in correctional settings. Unfortunately, there has been little research to measure the effectiveness of art therapy in prison. Researchers are still in the early stages of understanding what art therapy does, how it does this, and why it is effective. Through art therapy programs, prisoners are able to more fully come to know themselves and are therefore fore able to authentically participate in life and community as well as develop an ongoing motivation towards recovery.
About the Art Therapist
Art therapists have experience in at least one previous field of knowledge such as: medicine, psychology, education, visual arts, or social work. They work in a variety of rehabilitation settings with a variety of issues including: mental health problems, learning difficulties, language and communication difficulties, imprisonment, medical problems, sensory or physical problems, stress, emotional and/or social problems. In a prison setting, a therapist is likely to encounter more than one of these issues with each client. Each of these contexts have their own requirements for rehabilitation. Art therapists define what they do by the context they are working in.
How Art Therapy Works
The purpose of art therapy is different from that of most other art
A 6-year-old girl sits next to her therapist, with signs of anxiety upon her face. Pieces of paper, pencil and some markers are placed in front of the girl. She is hesitant to speak out, but these colors do help release some of the tension in the air. She begins to draw and paint, in a matter of fifteen minutes she finishes with a sequence of fourteen pictures:
Wadeson, Harriet. (1987). Mid-phase and ending art therapy treatment. In The Dynamics of Art Psychotherapy (pp.185-197). USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
While traditional methods of talk therapy can be a great option for children who are experiencing mental health issues or disabilities, some children find it difficult to effectively express what they are experiencing in a formal clinical setting. The use of expressive/creative arts as a mode of therapy allows for a meaningful and more relatable exploration of the issues a child may be facing. Expressive art therapy is a therapeutic approach of incorporating art, with the goal of promoting growth and healing within an individual (Malchiodi, 2013). Expressive art therapy encompasses many creative art modalities:
My vision of Art Therapy was very vague. I always thought art therapy was a form of therapy for distressed or abused children trying to tell a story through pictures or drawings. The American Art Therapy Association defines art therapy as a mental health profession that uses the creative process of art making to improve and enhance the physical, mental, and emotional well being of individuals of all ages. Art therapy is a form psychotherapy that has been practiced for over sixty years and it has been promoted as a means of helping people who find it difficult to express themselves verbally (Crawford, et al., 2010). Art therapy sessions usually start with a form of relaxation such as deep breathing , progressive muscle relaxation, or setting an intention for the session ahead (Hart, 2010). Art therapy is used for several different types of people with diverse illnesses such as: Autism Spectrum Disorder, people living with HIV/AIDS, mental disorders and even Cancer. Studies show that art therapy can lead to increased self awareness of self, as well as improved ability to cope with symptoms, stress, and traumatic experiences (American Art Therapy Association). This form of therapy helps these patients express positive feelings that may not be easy to access in the midst of a fear provoking experience (Hart, 2010). Art therapy help people to identify their feelings, and resolve the issues associated with their illness. Although, my lack of knowledge on this therapeu...
“Art therapists have to be trained in the field of art as well as psychology. Being able to understand the type of media that you are using is very important. They are knowledgeable about human development, psychological theories, clinical practice, spiritual, multicultural, and artistic traditions, and the healing power of art” (What is art therapy?). As an art therapist you have to see many different types of patients. You could see everyone from people with Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to people with some kind of trauma so you have to be sensitive to each person’s
“A Framework for Treating Cumulative Trauma With Art Therapy” by Kristina Naff examines the methodology of three art therapists working with clients who have undergone cumulative or multiple traumas. Naff collected qualitative data by conducting individual verbal interviews from three practicing art therapists who possessed proficiency in treating cumulative trauma. Naff asked the therapists for descriptions of their techniques, definition of cumulative trauma, and client's responses to directives they used during treatment. All three therapists used trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and found greater efficacy when they combined TF-CBT with art therapy. They agreed on using a humanistic and client-centered approach which
It can be presented as an option adapting expertise where patients are urged to creatively express troublesome and overpowering sentiments and feelings that are generally communicated through the control of nourishment (Kramer, 2014). Art therapy offers structure to emotions, concerns, and push which can be comprehended and tended to. There are numerous advantages of art therapy in the treatment of eating disorders, for example,
Art can benefit the unhealthy as well. With 34,000 soldiers coming back from Afghanistan as proposed by Barack Obama, there are many who consequently have mental disabilities or post-traumatic stress disorder. To cope with depression, or other symptoms, many doctors have used art programs...
Art therapy began as a natural extension of Freud’s groundbreaking psychoanalytic theories at the turn of the last century. Psychiatrists discovered that visual arts could be used as a tool of assessment, and by the 1940s art was being used not only for assessment, but also in therapeutic applications (Junge, 2010). Two main branches evolved from these early years: art as therapy and art psychotherapy.
For hospitalize children, the active qualities of making, doing, cutting, arranging, molding, gluing, and constructing are valuable in allowing the child to feel hopeful and a sense of control. Usually children in the medical setting fell a lack of control and art therapy gives that sense of control they want. It also gives the children a sense of active participation in their health care. Art expression, with a therapist, is another way to prepare for a medical procedure such as surgery, chemotherapy, and dialysis (Malchiodi, 1999). Art therapy does not only assist children with difficult situation and getting through traumatic situation, but it can also assist with building rapport and can be extremely helpful during the assessment of a patient. Using art therapy in an assessment can provide the therapist with valuable information on the child’s level of psychosocial situation and perception on
Art therapy is a relatively young form of treatment that began around the mid-20th century. Kanchan Dilawari and Nishi Tripathi (2014) stated that the birth of art therapy goes back to the British painter, Adrian Hill, who suggested artistic work to his fellow inpatients, while he was treated in a tuberculosis (T.B.) sanatorium. Adrian Hill had discovered the therapeutic benefits of drawing and painting while recovering from tuberculosis. Around the same time, Margaret Naumburg and Dr. Edith Kramer started using art therapy in the United States.
Art therapy locates particular areas in the brain that might be exclusively devoted to art-making and helps to engage with brain networks which can enhance the way the brain can process information. "Clearly, at the brain level, any intervention’s goal is the dynamic enhancement of emotion, cognition, and executive flexibility so that one fully participates in life and avails oneself of the experiential and hereditary gifts in his or her environment ." Art therapy gives more than something pretty to look at or an exercise to keep them busy; it stimulates the brain. It stirs memories and can bring the language back into the life of someone who struggles to
Before I graduated from college, an art therapist saved my life. She helped me work through my diagnosis by utilizing various art forms. Upon termination, art therapy had given me true healing and empowered me to use art for self-expression. Today, I am thriving with a Bachelor of Fine Arts, applying to graduate school to follow my passion, and wearing my adversity as a badge of triumph. The power of art therapy provided me with an inside look at the difference an art therapist can make. Now I am determined to help others find their own healing through art.
My ultimate goal is to obtain my Post - Master’s Certificate as a Mental Health Counselor with a specialization in Art Therapy. I would like to use my Art Therapy certification to aid in helping individuals manage their behavior, resolve internal conflicts, and achieve inner peace. With the help of my past insights, volunteering opportunities, and personal experiences, I am enthusiastic about the possibility of starting a graduate program in counseling. I would like to use the skills I obtained through this program to educate and empower young adults who struggle with recovering from trauma and major life
In the fall semester of 2017, I taught an art class with the Restorative Justice Initiative program in the State Correctional Institution (SCI) prison education program in Bellefonte, PA. I am a Ph.D. candidate in Art Education and Women’s, Gender, & Sexuality dual-title degree program, and my goal for teaching art with the prison education program is to provide a non-verbal way of communication for inmates to express themselves to reduce tension and stress. For many of the inmates, an art program is an alternative course of therapy to help them communicate by using creative techniques in the prison and upon release.