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This paper answers the question: Are We in a Post-Modern Age?
Post-Modernism can be described as a particular style of thought. It is a concept that correlates the emergence of new features and types of social life and economic order in a culture; often called modernization, post-industrial, consumer, media, or multinational
capitalistic societies.
In Modernity, we have the sense or idea that the present is discontinuous with the past, that through a process of social, technological, and cultural change (either through improvement, that is, progress, or through decline) life in the present is fundamentally
different from life in the past. This sense or idea as a world view
contrasts with what is commonly known as Tradition, which is simply the
sense that the present is continuous with the past, that the present in
some way repeats the forms, behavior, and events of the past.
I would propose that traditional ways of life have been replaced with uncontrollable change and unmanageable alternatives, but that these changes and alternatives eventually create something that may result in the society that traditionalists actually seek after; the balance between Nature and Technology. Modernity itself is merely
the sense that the present is a transitional point, not focused on a clear
goal in the future but simply changing through forces outside our control.
I will first describe how "Modernity" came about, and then to indicate
some of the features for which "Post-Modernity" is meant to be a reaction,
response or addition to modernization.
Beginnings of Modernity:
First, I aim to give a broad historical picture against which we may understand the rise of Modernity as an idea related to science and society or as a framework for a view of rationality.
We know that we experience change as either progress or transition, that
is, we view our historical situation and our lives presently as deriving
meaning and value in some unrealized future.
The shift from Renaissance humanism to Modern rationalism can be understood in terms of four shifts: (1) from an oral culture in which the theory and practice of rhetoric played
a central role to a written culture in which formal logic played a central
role in establishing the credentials of an argument; (2) from a practical
concern - with understanding and acting on particular cases to a more th...
... middle of paper ...
...spicious of the belief in shared speech, shared values, and shared perceptions
that some would like to believe form our culture but which in fact may
be no more than empty, if necessary, fictions.
I believe we should be committed to salvaging
what we can of the ideals of Enlightenment and Modernity. We need to stay
open to all valid claims of reasoning, knowledge, spirit, tradition, and
humanity; for we are not, and cannot be, all knowing in this life.
To be focused so completely upon Post-Modernism or Modernity, suggests
that we can somehow define a group, any group, in the sense of its cultural
essence; which is not in truth completely possible or even wise.
Are we in a Post-Modern Age? I would say yes as a defined theory
or word, but in the reality of man and life, the answer is No. Man
is continually changing and adapting and for ever continuing to progress
in spirit, technology, and social/cultural adaptation. Whatever age
we are presently in, we are modern compared to the one before, each age
lives its own Modernity; each era obligated to find its own balance between
Nature and Technology, Tradition and Progress; a continuous cycle until
the end of man.
Postmodernism movement started in the 1960’s, carrying on until present. James Morley defined the postmodernism movement as “a rejection of the sovereign autonomous individual with an emphasis upon anarchic collective anonymous experience.” In other words, postmodernism rejects what has been established and makes emphasis on combined revolutionary experiences. Postmodernism can be said it is the "derivate" of modernism; it follows most of the same ideas than modernism but resist the very idea of boundaries. According to our lecture notes “Dominant culture uses perception against others to maintain authority.”
Upon first discovering how to make life, Victor is overwhelmed with excitement and pride, feeling as though he has unlocked the greatest power on earth. His imagination is “too much exalted” by this newfound ability, and thus determines there is no “animal as complex and wonderful as man” for him to attempt as his first creation (Shelley 43). Frankenstein does not contemplate how he will react to or interact with the human he gives life to, or that he has created an extremely twisted parent-child relationship by creating a human from dead bodies. His general lack of concern regarding the consequences of his remarkable yet dangerous power is the root of the rest of the conflict between him and his monster throughout the rest of the novel, and it exemplifies Shelley’s underlying theme that science should not be pushed past morally and psychologically safe boundaries.
Postmodernism can be defined as a rejection of the idea that there are certain unequivocal truths or grand narratives (such as capitalism, faith or science) and as a belief that there are multiple ways of understanding anything, whether it be it culture, philosophy, art, literature, films, etc, or even television... Television reflects the mass-produced society we live in and certain shows exhibit many of the archetypes of postmodernism that have become prevalent in other art forms. Postmodernism can be useful for understanding contemporary television it can help us to relate to the ever-changing world we live in. Television shows like ABC’s Lost (ABC, 2004-2010) dabble in matters of intertextuality, questioning of grand narratives and, amongst others, a manipulation of time through use of flashbacks, flash-forwards and, uniquely to Lost, the flash-sideways.
The definition of modern is relative to the time and space in which a historian might describe a society, situation, or technology, or as the Oxford Dictionary defines it as, “Of or relation to the present or recent times as opposed to the remote past.” The problem with this, however, is that it is often difficult to look back on an historical event and differentiate between what was actually modern about that time and how historians impose a sense of modernity on an event that was the opposite. In Bruno Latour’s We Have Never Been Modern, Latour explores the origins of modernity and how it “is always being thrown into the middle of a fight,” somehow “defining, by contrast, an archaic and stable past.” Only one removed from the historical event can look at it as an outsider, and even then it is difficult to remove ties that relate current history to that of the past. The readers of history cannot help but see it with a lens that is tinted with the problems of today.
The use of oral and written testimony can and often does have a powerful impact when studying the history of the Holocaust. Words have the power to create or destroy, encourage or suppress, calm or energize. They can spread hate or love, clarity or confusion. Sometimes words don't tell whole truths and can be misleading as in the case of some fraudulent “pseudo-memoirs” and “doctored” or misleading documents. However, the use of testimonies are great sources for studying the history of the Holocaust. They provide a personal account allowing us to empathize with the victims and most importantly, learn from the horrors of the past.
Many authors fraudulently claim a piece of history as their own stories in order gain popularity. This is the case with many Holocaust memoirs. Authors turn history and facts into a fictional playing field, which they believe they can use to tell their “stories.” Although the Holocaust was a very serious, dramatic, and depressing time in history, certain authors see it as a way to grasp an audience’s attention. The authors tell a story of their lives transforming from despair to happiness; however, in order to keep this type of work from being seen as a cliché, in which everything turns out perfectly in the end, they attach dates, places, and facts. Misha Defonseca took advantage of the Holocaust’s shocking tales by creating her own fake memoir called Misha: A Memoire of the Holocaust Years. The factual truth of these events does matter because the truth aspect of the memoir is what gives it its extra meaning and importance, so without the truth, such a story loses some value.
In broad spectrum, racism refers to a belief that a particular race is superior to another because of their skin color, place of origin or religion. It may also be termed as discrimination against a particular group on grounds of color, cultural believes and religion. People tend to believe that a particular race is more important and superior than others both biologically and intellectually and therefore should never be treated as same (Berg 12). Racism is a vice that has existed since time immemorial and practiced widely in many nations. It is ugly, unwelcome and unacceptable vice that divides a nation in two or more groups, by treating some people as more important a that other thus creating hatred and enmity on racial backgrounds. This paper will strive to explain the causes of racism in societies and its impacts on people’s lives. The paper will further attempt to presents areas where racism is highly evident in sports and other
Thelonius Monk started showing symptoms of an undiagnosed bipolar disorder early in his career. Monk would often spend days without sleep, visiting friends houses and playing their pianos for long periods of time. Alternatively, he would occasionally spend days at a time in his room. He was chronically late for performances sometime because he couldn't decide what to wear. Often during shows, Monk would leave the stage...
Concluding, I believe that racism in sport has changed slightly but not to an extent to where I believe it is where it needs to be. I believe that sport is still very negative to minorities and it should clean up multiple things including my main points: name calling, discrimination, and stereotypes. These three things are a very important aspect in sport in my opinion because it would not only affect how the sport is played, but I also believe it would change how our society views each other. Racism in the sporting world is still hanging around all the way from Muhammad Ali in the 1960s, all the way to today with Richard Sherman in the 2010s.
With racism being such a complicated matter, trying to create a way to eradicate it is not easy matter. Leading bodies in professional football such a FIFA, UEFA and the Professional Footballers Association (PFA), have all introduced plans to try end racism, both inside and outside the sport. Two of these campaigns are “Show Racism the Red Card” and “Kick it out”. Although none of these campaigns have actually worked properly as of yet, hopefully the young footballers growing up will become more aware of the negatives and problems associated with racism.
Football or Soccer is a sport which is played worldwide and is very popular in all ages of people and everyone regardless of their cultural backgrounds. It is controlled by an International body known as FIFA. My topic is Racism in football which is a very popular and important cause in today's date. All of the associations around the world which control football and everything related to it are introducing the best strategies that they can to get rid of racism from this beautiful game. My research is going to address about the level, effects, reasons and information and incidents which the victims had to face due to this discrimination that they had to deal with. Racism is not something new in football, it has been there in the sport since a really long time and initiatives taken to resolve this problem have
This theory also heavily relies on the idea that in order to modernize, the country must Westernize and lose their traditional culture. It is then proposed that although in present day many societies are modern, its does not mean they are all the same.
Beginning with prehistoric man, the growth and evolvement of various civilizations and the events which occurred, in one manner or another, aided in shaping the modern world that we live in today. Some of the more influential elements of everyday modern life are the result of cultural and societal changing events, which transpired throughout the years 1350-1600. During the period known today as the “Renaissance” (1350-1600), the world of art, the boundaries of marriage, and secular viewpoints were forever revolutionized, through the development and spread of “Renaissance Humanism”, which today, still affects modern day life. (Knox 1999)
During the fourteenth century, the Renaissance was notable for its development from medieval life and values dominated by the Church toward the abstract ethics of civilization. Instead of the perception stressed by religion that emphasized preparation for the after life, the enlightened citizens of the middle class, became interested in individuals success and emphasized life in this world, rather than the afterlife in which the Catholic church emphasized. This encouraged individuals to surmount in a wide variety of grounds portraying their knowledge because of their strong beliefs in all aspects ranging from art, politics, and personal life. Renaissance thinkers were inspired by the ancient Greeks and Romans instead of medieval life because it was portrayed as undeveloped. The textbook a History in The Making discusses these changes and writes, “A new understanding of the motions of heavens and of mechanic on the earth developed among experimenters in natural philosophy, that is, what came to be called science” (484). This portrayed how the scientific revolution changed and impacted attitudes within Europe in regards to Science and knowledge. The Secularization tainted the traditional scientific method of truth and search for non religious foundations, emphasizing the new doors that had been opened for this
To begin with, modernity is a term that “signals a particular kind of society that only came into existence over the past 200 years or so, first in Western Europe, then elsewhere. Modernization refers to a society that is moving toward modernity.” (Veeser, p. 3) There is a close association between modernization and westernization because “earlier ideas assumed that modernization was in fact Westernization.” (Veeser, p. 3) Western Europe was the first to act in the process of modernization which included urbanization, widespread literacy, usage of inanimate power, rising per capita income, and the widespread participation of populate in political affairs along with the West’s rational and scientific orientations toward the world. When this