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Literature review music therapy
Argument for music therapy
Argument for music therapy
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Have you ever sat in your car and a old tune that you used to sing when you were younger pop up on your radio? You have not listened to the song in years, yet you still remember every word. And have you also ever noticed that teenagers are able to recite words from a rap song that they heard less than an hour ago better than a quote from a lesson that they at least hear once a day for a week. Some people would remember their favorite artists whole album before they even remember their own friends birthday. It's absolutely amazing. Even people with aphasia can be taught to sing although they can not speak. For any frequently musical individual, it is acknowledged that many songs have amazing effects on our emotion and beliefs. Music has many
The two types of aphasia discussed in class is non-fluent aphasia and fluent aphasia. Aphasia can occur when there is damage to the left hemisphere of the brain, which is the language center of the brain. People with non-fluent aphasia will say or sign random words, there will be little or no function words/signs, similar to the telegraphic stage of language development. People with fluent aphasia will be able to produce sentences with function words, but the sentences will contain miss-selected words/signs.
Sacks adds that “It’s not just a physiological reaction. The parts of the brain that remember music and respond to music are not affected too much in Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia.” Music being able to elicit emotions and are connected to past events, which allow those affected with Alzheimer’s to unlock those hidden memories.
Wernicke’s Aphasia is a communication disorder that affects one’s comprehension, therefore affecting language of both written and spoken language. Wernicke’s Aphasia is also known as fluent aphasia because individuals that have this disorder usually, for the most part, can typically express themselves using syntax and grammar but have a hard time doing it meaningfully through speech. Physiologically, when they speak, they do not realize that their speech is usually grammatically incorrect and lacks meaning behind it. People with this disorder have a hard time with auditory processing, fluently speaking, and poor repetition of what was previously said to them. Anatomically speaking, when one has Wernicke’s Aphasia this typically means that there
Owens, Robert E., Dale E. Metz, and Kimberly A. Farinella. Introduction to Communication Disorders: A Lifespan Evidence-Based Perspective. Four ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, 2011. 194-216. Print.
Music is a wonderful thing. I can listen to it when I'm lifting, when I need to sleep, when I want to get away. I can listen to it when I’m say, or angry of to make me happy. I can recall things when it comes to my favorite music. One thing I always wondered is how can music be such a multifaceted factor in making me feel these different ways, and remember like I do. How does my brain factor into all of this too. Since music is a major and constant variable in today’s society In this paper I will discuss these things and how music affects the brain when it comes to certain things; long and short-term memory, how it affects our moods, how our day is going, our health and rehabilitation, and even therapy for mental illnesses? This includes listening, performing, composing, reading, writing and any other activities like expressing one’s self through music.
"My most valuable tool is words, the words I can now use only with difficulty. My voice is debilitated - mute, a prisoner of a communication system damaged by a stroke that has robbed me of language," stated A. H. Raskins, one of approximately one million people in the United States who suffer from aphasia (1), a disorder which limits the comprehension and expression of language. It is an acquired impairment due to brain injury in the left cerebral hemisphere. The most common cause of aphasia is a stroke, but other causes are brain tumors, head injury, or other neuralgic illnesses. Of the estimated 400,000 strokes which occur a year, approximately 80,000 of those patients develop some form of aphasia (2). Another important observation is that within the United States, there are twice as many people with aphasia as there are individuals with Parkinson's disease (2). Yet, what is so astounding is the lack of public awareness about aphasia. Aphasia attacks an intricate part of a person's daily life - the simple act of communication and sharing. The disbursement of such a tool deprives an individual of education learned through their life, often leaving the ill fated feeling hopeless and alone. In considering the effects of aphasia, a deeper analysis of the two most common forms of aphasia will be examined: Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia. While both forms occur usually as a result of a stroke in the left hemisphere of the brain, their particular site of impairment produces different side effects in an individual's comprehension and speech. These regions have been further studied through experimental researches such as positron emission tomography (PET). Moreover, although there is currently no cure for the disorder, there are treatments and certain guidelines to follow when encountering an aphasic.
A person can do more than just dance to music; they clean, laugh, sing, cry, and make some of the greatest memories while enjoying music. Music can take us back in time to past memories, whether they are good or bad. It can make us think of different phases of our life. Just hearing one song can take us back years. It can make us think of a certain person at a particular part in time. The words and lyrics in songs have a way of relating to some people. (White) (Lyon, Suzanne)
There comes a time in our life when we know what we want to say, but it does not come out the way we thought it would. Such as being worried about reading out loud in class, going up to an employee in a fast food restaurant to order a simple meal, or making a presentation in class can be terrifying for most individuals with an articulation disorder. An articulation disorder consist of having difficulties producing sounds, substituting sounds, leaving out letters in a word, or adding or changing letters in a word. In most cases when individuals have trouble articulating words he/she might have problems with the main articulators which include: the jaw, lips, teeth, tongue, velum, alveolar ridge, and hard/soft palate. These articulators play
Music has always been a big part of my life. Music is not just a bunch of melodies, rhythms, and vibrant sounds. It is a comfort to me. The lyrics of a song challenge my intellect and the rhythms and beats affect my emotions. Music understands me when people don’t. At times it takes me back to an event in my life or even in history. Both consciously and subconsciously my mind remembers the emotions that are attached to a certain song. It can make me feel on top of the world or the complete opposite; music can change the atmosphere and also set the mood. Music has power over my human soul. It soothes it. I cannot imagine not having music to listen to. It is a powerful force and my love for it is incredible.
It can be proven, through literary research and personal experiences, that music has a positive effect on learning and memory. It can be concluded that these positive effects have an impact on patients with Alzheimer’s, on the motor skills and auditory memory of mentally disabled children, on students attempting to remember the subject in a manner that they are learning, and on the affectivity of advertisements. On a personal note, music has facilitated my ability to remember things, both positive and negative, a number of times. For example, in high school I memorized the days of the week in French by singing them along with a tune that was already familiar to me. I have also had multiple experiences in which I remember things that I do not want to remember, such as advertisements and negative experiences because they were accompanied with specific music.
The PASS is a clinical instrument that is currently being used as a comprehensive assessment of individual domains of speech and language (e.g., production, confrontation and generative naming, comprehension) to help diagnose PPA subtypes. It was modeled after the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. There are 3 portions of the PASS: (a) informant questionnaire; (b) interviews; and (c) comprehensive language assessment. Informant questionnaire is designed for the examiner to ask general questions associated with all domains, excluding repetition. If the examinee indicates he/she is experiencing difficulty, more questions are probed for additional information about the topic. Interviews were designed
In this world, humans and animals alike have come to communicate by using various mechanisms. Humans have advanced themselves beyond other organisms by using language, or a set of codes and symbols, in order to express themselves to others. Language has brought about a means to create new thoughts, to explore, and to analyze our everyday surroundings. It has also enabled us to retain past memories and to look deep into the advances for the future. However, for some individuals, this tool for communication has been plagued by a language and speech disorders, such as aphasia. Aphasia is the loss of the ability to speak or understand speech or written language. It is often detected at an early age, and contributes to the general class of speech and language disorders affecting "5% of school aged children" (1) . Aphasia is classified into three categories. The main two are receptive or sensory aphasia and expressive or motor aphasia. Receptive aphasia affects the input side and "the ability to understand spoken or written language may be partially or totally lost" (1) . Those with expressive aphasia "can speak but not find certain words or names, or may be totally unable to communicate verbally or by writing" (1) . For a majority of affected individuals, there is a combination of the two. The third type is conduction aphasia. This "involves disruption of transmission between the sensory and motor ends of the circuit" (1) . Here, individuals are able to produce speech despite the lack of connections to the input side. It seems that the ability to speak has a lot to do with your surroundings and how much emphasis was placed on developing this skill during the first few years after birth. Afterall, it's known that the first few years are critical because this is the time when the brain is "plastic" and is rapidly changing and being molded. By the time that adolescence is reached, the brain has become "less plastic". In this paper, I would like to explore theories proposed to try to understand the origins of this impairment.
“An art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and color” is music defined by Dictionary.com. This definition is for the most part is accurate, from a superficial standpoint, although it does not capture the importance of music as music is vital in the rehabilitation and development of others. For instance, music is a tool that can be very effective if used properly. Take small school children for example. More often than not, they are taught songs that are intended to help them remember important information Even if the child is unable to recount the lyrics of the song, they will most likely be able to hum the tune and recount the information. Music not only assists children, it also adequately aids adults. This is the case with the classical music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart as it has been known to entice learning. Most people in our western society predominantly use the left sides of the brain but the music of Mozart causes both sides of the brain to work toge...
Music has incredible effects on the brain and body! Ever since the beginning of time, music has been around. It can influence the way a person thinks and behaves, and also social interactions. Teens are more susceptible to this (Revatto 1). Music can be used in therapy by helping people with depression, and can even be a more natural way to heal the body (“How Music...” 1). In some cases, songs and melodies can help or make diseases worse. Music is a powerful thing and can affect your brain and many other things in your body in numerous ways.
The music people listen to reflect their emotions at the moment. What people listen to can cause them to be desensitized or can strengthen them. With age groups come the maturity levels of what they should listen to. Emotionally and physically listening to what is written in the music will tell whether or not people act on what the music is saying. People listen to music whether they are sad, angry, happy, etc., but it is their choice if they let the music influence them psychologically.