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Biological and psychological theories of crime essay
Biological and psychological theories of crime essay
Case study of treating antisocial personality disorder
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Criminology is the scientific study of knowledge in which crime is considered as a social happening. The study of Criminology includes the ways and methods of breaking laws, making laws and social/media/cultural reactions of the society to crime. There have been many theories as to why people commit crime, no one can decide on just one theory to explain this. Two popular theories as to why people commit crime are antisocial personality theory and social structure theory. The aspects behind these theories make the most reliable sense as to why people commit the crimes that they do. Antisocial personality theory is a combination of traits, such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, hedonism, and inability to empathize with others, that make a person prone to deviant behavior and violence; also referred to as sociopathic or psychopathic. Many studies have been done and there is much evidence that people with an antisocial personality disorder are more likely to commit crime, when in frustrating events they act with negative emotions, feel stressed and harassed, and are adversarial in their interpersonal relationships. People with antisocial personality disorder tend to have weak personal constraints and have a hard time controlling impulsive behavior urges. There are many factors that people believe contribute to people developing a criminal personality. In the book, it states that some of the factors are related to improper socialization, such as having a psychopathic parent, experiencing parental rejection and the lack of love received during childhood, and also inconsistent discipline. Some psychologists think that the cause of antisocial personality is brain dysfunction or possibly neurological issues. “They suspect that psychopaths su... ... middle of paper ... ...theories as to why people do what they do, especially committing crimes. The two popular ones are antisocial personality theory and social structure theory. Out of these two the one that makes most sense is antisocial personality theory. The majority of these people are diagnosed as a psychopath and they have brain amoralities which is causing them to commit crimes. This is a serious issue and most people will not admit that they have a mental disorder or a problem. There will be many theories, researches and arguments as to why people commit crime; criminology is a never ending studying on people and their actions. Works Cited "Mental Disorders." Antisocial personality disorder. Web. 7 Nov. 2013. . Siegel, Larry J.. Criminology: the core. 4th ed. Belmont: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2011.
One of the biggest concerns of criminology is the reason why the criminals commit the crimes that they do. Whether it’s due to a mental disease or genetics. Even if the criminal is healthy and has been planning it for months analyzing the consequences and results. Could the society that the criminal has grown up in ever be at fault causing him to act the way he or she did? People have been trying to find the reason that criminals commit these crimes for many years, and the numbers of theories that have been come up with looks to be the same number of criminologists. A criminologist is “one who studies the biological and sociological causes and consequences of crime and criminal behavior (such as the effects of mental defects and social environment).” Their job is to figure out why criminals acted the way they did and how to change the person in order to not repeat it, in other words rehabilitate them. Rehabilitation teaches the prisons to live a better life when let out instead of being punished in prison. When a criminal commits a crime the reason for the action is a very important part of the case and after the prisoner is behind bars, then they can find a solution for the crime to not be repeated by the same convict.
By definition, criminology is the study of crime, criminal behavior and how it pertains to the law. Criminology is considered a scientific technique. Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are considered scientists. The theories and practices within the subject help criminologists determine the cause and consequence of criminal behavior; also why criminology is so highly regarded among law enforcement and the legal world.
Antisocial Personality Disorders among Criminals Antisocial personality disorder is very common among criminals. Criminals normally have had something in their lives happen to cause these acts of violence or rule-breaking to occur. Personality disorders and social problems are common not only among criminals, but in the general population. The extent to which innocent people are effected by disorders from criminals is diverse, with some actually losing their lives and loved ones. This report will include: signs of antisocial personality disorders among criminals, testing, the triggers of these criminals to act out, causes, statistics, treatment and how people around the criminal are affected by the antisocial personality disorders.
Personality is shaped by experiences during childhood and adolescence as well as genetics. Therefore, children that develop mental disorders are more likely to develop personality disorders as adults. Conduct disorder in children has been highly linked to the development of antisocial personality disorder in adults. The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) suggests, but does not require, a history of conduct disorder when making an antisocial personality diagnosis (1). Not only is there a high correlation between people having the disorders, but conduct disorder seems to be a preliminary childhood manifestation of the same underlying malfunctions that are characteristic of the adult disorder, antisocial personality disorder. When looking at the development and causes of antisocial personality disorder it is important to note the symptoms, characteristics, and circumstance of conduct disorder as well.
Criminology has different types of paradigms and theory, they are, rational choice, classical, conflict, critical, labeling, routine activity, social control, positive, life course, biosocial, strain and differential association theory. Furthermore, some of the theories believe that people weigh the advantages and disadvantages and aware of making a decision on whether to commit or not to commit a crime. Some theories argue that individual is born as a criminal so they have the trait that will determine how they react in a negative situation. Some say that society influence individual to commit a crime. I would be talking about rational choice and classical theory.
There are many different crimes that people commit and many reasons for why those people commit those said crimes. Criminology is the study of crime and people that do that for a living are called criminologist. A long time ago, some criminologist came up with some theories on the reasons why and how people commit crimes. There are a group of theories under the social learning theories; one of these theories is the differential association theory. This theory states that people learn to be criminals and the criminal behavior associated with crime.
According to Zapata (2014) in criminology, looking at why individuals perpetrate crimes is vital in the continuous debates and arguments of how crime ought to be taken care of and prevented. Numerous theories have been emerged and developed throughout the years, and they keep on being investigated, independently and in combination, as criminologists look for the best solutions in finally minimizing types and levels of crime.
The world will always be full of crime, thus it is necessary for scientist to grow along with the gruesome and increasing amount of violations. Due to this it sparked scientist to develop crime theories in which emerged to explain why crime is caused by individuals. Some of the few theories that have advanced over the past century and provided many answers to why crimes are committed are biological theories, psychological theories and learning theories. These theories provide an insight to its first use and change in order to provide answers.
Some theories suggest that abnormalities in development of the nervous system may cause antisocial personality disorder. One theory suggests that people with antisocial personality disorder require greater sensory input for normal brain function. Evidence that antisocials hae low resting pulse rates and low skin conductance, and show decreased amplitude on certain brain measures supports this theory.
Criminology is described as the intelligent examination of the nature, degree, organization, causes, control, results, and revultion of criminal lead, both on individual and social levels. Criminology is the examination of how people act towards each other, and has in reality been inspected in some way or another for an expansive number of years. It has quite recently been diverged from various things as of late, regardless of the way that it has been seen as a coherent control field of pack in its own particular benefit.
In order to answer my question I need to undergo research to comprehend the concept of criminology and to determine how long this area of interest has been studied to ensure any conclusions made are valid. Mikaela Murray (Law Student) (2014) states “criminology is the scientific procedure of studying both sociological and individual criminal actions.” Clifford Sanders also agrees criminology is the study of both social and individual criminal actions but he believes it is divided into separate areas which including psychology economics, political science, natural science, biology and the evaluation and development of people.
Criminology has undergone various changes over the years in terms of ideas, concepts and theories. Before the ideas of early and modern criminology, crime was explained by Moralism, or the idea that criminal behavior was caused by evil spirits, sin or the devil(1). Thankfully, these ideas soon fell out of favor in the age of enlightenment and gave way to classical theories of criminal behavior. While early criminology was based off of classical, biological and psychological theories, modern criminology is not much different as many of these theories simply evolved. Modern criminology is still composed of psychological and biological theories, and classical theories simply evolved into neoclassical theories. These theories, both modern
It can be argued that criminology has helped improved the understanding of crime in the 20th century through the knowledge of preventing criminal behaviour and how society responds to crime after it has been committed. Although, criminologist do not blame people for crimes committed but try to understand why people commits that crime and explain it, instead of blaming them.
During the course of this class it has been acknowledge that there are many contexts that influence an individual’s development. These circumstances are multifaceted and complex, (Shaffer & Kipp, 2010). I consider that a holistic approach is equally effective for accounting for atypical development as it is for a typical development. For this I would like to elaborate on the subject of antisocial behavior. In our society, an individual with typical or “normal” behavior development is anticipated to avoid hurting others, exhibit prosocial behavior, and have a personal vow to accept and follow societal rules. Conversely, antisocial behaviors are unruly acts characterized by hidden and evident hostility and intentional aggression towards others. Antisocial behaviors exist along a severity continuum and include repeated violations of social rules; these
Criminology is a social science rather than a branch of law. Although there are several different theories surrounding criminology, they all share a common goal: the search for the causes of criminal behavior in the hopes that this information can be transformed into policies that will be effective in handling or even eliminating crime.