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Pop art roy lichtenstein essay
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Within art, in order to develop new art movements, techniques, materials and forms, artists must be innovative in representing their ideas and visions to their audience. This is seen in Roy Lichtenstein’s contributions to the development of Pop Art. Lichtenstein's innovative artmaking technique, often involved the use of stencils, which he used to bring the aesthetic of commercial printing processes into his painting and prints. This artmaking technique can be seen in Lichtenstein’s works, ‘Crying Girl’ (1963) and ‘In the Car’ (1963). Lichtenstein used basic, primary colors, bold outlines and Benday dots to make his hand-made art look as if it was made commercially through a machine. Conceptually, Lichtenstein was innovative in his representation …show more content…
Lichtenstein’s mixture of styles can be seen in his works, ‘The Couple’ (1980) and ‘Blonde’ (1978), which together reflect how Lichtenstein worked within Surrealism, Futurism, Cubism and Expressionism. This mix of art styles, alongside Lichtenstein’s use of the primary colours, Benday dots and bold outlines, led to him becoming a major figure within the Pop Art movement. It wasn’t common for an artist to work within so many styles, adding to Lichtenstein’s innovative nature as an artist. Curator Harry Cooper said that Liechtenstein used innovative techniques, materials and forms to bring Pop Art into the realm of design and into a larger culture, and proved that Pop art “wasn’t just a gimmick, (or) just a …show more content…
Stop-action had never before been used in the unexpected, whimsical and creative ways that Halsman employed it. Halsman’s works were innovative within their resolved form because they allowed Halsman to document history and famous figures, whilst managing to freeze motion and provide an aesthetically and conceptually fascinating image for his audience. Philippe Halsman stated on his artmaking practice that, “A true portrait should, today and a hundred years from today, be a testimony of how this person looked and what kind of human being he was”. Halsman’s connection to these famous figures through his innovative art allowed him to develop vital connections which allowed for the continuation of his artmaking practice. Halsman was apart of the great wave of artists and intellectuals who fled the German Nazis. Halsman arrived in the United States in the 1940’s with his family and only obtained an emergency visa due to the intervention of Albert Einstein, an intellect who Halsman had photographed. Halsman depicts Einstein in his infamous photograph, ‘Albert Einstein’ (1947) which is still used in today’s time to document what Einstein looked like and what his personality was like, allowing Halsman to achieve his aims within his works. Halsman went on to have a successful career in America for over 30
Gallery 19 of the Museum of Modern Art features Pop Art trailblazers of the early 1960s, ranging from Roy Lichtenstein’s “Girl with Ball” to Andy Warhol’s “Gold Marilyn Monroe.” Alongside these emblematic works of art, there hangs a more simplistic piece: a six foot square canvas with three yellow letters, entitled “OOF.” The work of art, created by Ed Ruscha in 1962, is a painting that leaves little room for subjective interpretation as does the majority of his work. Ruscha represented the culture in the 1960s through his contributions to the transition from Abstract Expressionism to Pop Art, efforts to redefine what it meant for a painting to be fine art, and interpretation of the Space Race.
Josef Albers was a well-known and influential artist of the twentieth century. He was known for his use of vivid colors and interesting and abstract shapes. He was instrumental in ushering in the Modernist movement as he was a teacher to many of the great artists of the 1950s and 1960s. In 1963, Josef Albers released a book surrounding a series of paintings he did, The Interaction of Color. This book was crucial when it came to art education and various applications in his and his student’s works. His final series was his Homage to a Square that only used squares and rectangles with varying colors to demonstrate spatial relationships between the shapes and the colors. Albers use of shape and color, particularly in his Homage to the Square
Claes Oldenburg was born in 1929 in Stockholm, Sweden. His father was a Swedish Consul General, and because of his job they moved to Chicago in 1936 where he became an American citizen. When he graduated Yale University in New Heaven, he took up the job as working as a reporter in 1946. Later on in 1952 Oldenburg attended Chicago Art Institute. While he was there he published some drawings in magazines and started to paint pictures. He was inspired by Abstract Expressionism. Then in 1956 he moved to New York and met Jim dine, two years later he met Alan Kaprow and a couple other artists. All of them were interested in art and pushed the question “What is art?” They started to stage “happenings”. That was the start of the Pop Art Movement. Pop Art is the products of mass media. From 1958 -59 he arranged and designed his first sculpture. After that he started to replicate food, like hamburgers, ice-cream and cakes. Oldenburg’s first exhibit was in 1958. There was a selection of his drawings that were included in a group show at the Red Grooms’ City Gallery. A year later, Oldenburg had his first one-man show. He had sculptures at the Judson Gallery. Then in 1962 he had his art work in the “News Realist” which helped define the Pop Art Movement. He also had other exhibitions in 1964, a one man show at the Sidney Janis Gallery and also in 1968 at the Museum of Modern Art. In the mid-1960s he also began making creation for huge monuments.
The visual devices used were concentric circles and rectangular buildings I stated the visual art elements were intertwined with the principles of design. The tall rectangular shapes portrayed skyscraper towers in New York City. Industry was portrayed through the smoke and the man with the suitcase stepping up the cog wheel. I saw a man figure in the middle playing a saxophone and assumed he was the subject matter. There was a use of gestural lines to create form of a 3-D effect with the buildings, as well as the smoke floating in the air, the people figures, the shadows, and the wheel of life. There were uses with the secondary hue green, which has value starting with a light green by the statue of liberty in the concentric circles darkening with each circle. The green cool color with a use of a neural color of brown for the buildings was how the picture was portrayed. Great space was used for overlapping objects, like the people and buildings. The buildings had a two-point perspective due to the angles they are pointing at. Symmetrical balance was achieved with the use of colors, line, and shapes (to take up space). There was a sense of movement with the man holding the briefcase, which looked like he was walking up stairs. Unity and Variety were accomplished using the use of color, shape, line, etc. The painting is
In 1951 Rauschenberg broke away on his own with his first solo show, although that same year he did exhibit alongside 60 other New York Abstract Expressionist artists including Pollock and Kooning and became part of the ‘New York School’ that was founded. But during the fifties he and his working partner Jasper Johns had the Abstract
The 1960s was a decade overloaded with signifiant life changing events. From Martin Luther King Jr. to the Vietnam War, the reign of Muhammad Ali and the Beatles reaching to the assassination of John F. Kennedy and the moon landing. The result of these history changing events: a new culture emerging at the beginning of the Vietnam war in the early 60s. A radical movement would start to take off called Popular Culture. First witnessed after the Industrial revolution when amusement and entertainment got more and more appealing to society, the 60s was an era when everything changed and nothing would be the same again.
The photographs were taken by Warhol himself, as well as his friends and cohorts. He was an accomplished photographer, and had a large collection of photographs of “The Factory” visitors and his friends. He preferred a particular camera, and the Polaroid SX-70 model was kept in production just for him. Artistic photography has been greatly influenced by the artist’s photographic approach to painting combined with his snapshot method of taking pictures. Warhol once asked, “Isn’t life a series of images that change as they repeat themselves?” The question appropriately reflected his ideology of screen printing and his often-used style of
Andy Warhol, born as Andrew Warhola, is famously known as the leader of the pop art movement back in the 1950’s. One of Warhol’s most famous prints is Campbell’s Soup Cans consists of thirty two canvases lined up in a row of eight and columns of four; another of artwork of Warhol similar to this is Green Coca-Cola Bottles which consisted of 210 Coca-Cola bottles. Many of Warhol’s artwork consisted of a subject repeated and cloned multiple times. Many would say it was because Warhol was raised during the time period where factories began the mass produce, which does contribute to his artwork. But, Andy Warhol was also an incurable hoarder. Warhol wrote in his autobiography that his conscience wouldn’t let him throw anything away, even when
The use of symbols in surrealism and the meaning within these paintings by Max Ernst played a significant influence on the notion of my experimental art making. He was a German painter, sculptor and a graphic artist but also considered as one of the primary pioneers of the Dada and Surrealism movement. They aimed to revolt against everyday reality by exploring the construction of the unconscious mind. By exploring the mind and transforming reality by surveying the desires of the human nature, it allows one to contemplate on the actuality and the realities of our world. Uniquely, Ernst created his own set of techniques such as collage, frottage, grattage, decalcomania and oscillation in order to convey his symbolism of his art making – but it also later incentivized artists such as Jackson Pollock and William De Kooning, revealing his such influence and impact in the art world.
Helen Molesworth's book, This Will Have Been: Art, Love & Politics in the 1980s, discusses a time in which desire was sparking the revolution for gender, sexuality, and racial equality. The 1980s became the decade in which people’s demands strived to make progressive changes within the art scene and society. The work produced by artists during this time was a pivotal movement in the world of visual art. Desire in the 1980s centered around equality for women which in turn, lead the investigation of identity for sexuality, and democratic idealism of freedom promised by the political world; furthermore, artists used these longings to create raw visual pieces that were competing for a place next to the rising power of media. Molesworth defined
The Pop Art Movement Pop art got its name from Lawrence Alloway, who was a British art critic in the 1950’s. The name “Pop Art” reflected on the “familiar imagery of the contemporary urban environment” (kleiner, 981). This art form is popular for its bold and simple looks plus its bright and vibrant colors. An example of this type of art is the oil painting done by Andy Warhol, “Marilyn Diptych” (Warhol, Marilyn Diptych) in 1962. The Pop art movement became known in the mid-1950s and continued as a main type of art form until the late 1960’s.
Upon further review I was instantly intrigued by the technique in which it was created. Not a single brushstroke of what is commonly used in paintings but rather small perfectly round dots in vibrant yellows, greens, oranges, and blues. Small dots of color perfectly marrying together to form a single image. One could instantly imagine the painstaking hours and the amount of effort that went into creating such a beautiful piece.
collage on the pavement from old cigarette butts and other discarded materials. He, also differed from other Dadaists in the way he was much more interested the concept and process then the end product. He focused closely on the texture, line, colour and thickness of line and enjoyed contrasting these elements against one another.
When thinking about the 1970’s, most likely the term “Hippie Era” comes to mind. The hippie lifestyle is one filled with optimism, love, bright and loud colors, non- conformity, and psychedelics. The art and music in this time is no different! The reason behind the hippie era is directly connected to the shock people felt from the war going on into the mid 1970’s; the Vietnam War. By the 1970’s, the war was reaching an end, with horrifying numbers of casualties, and people mentally effected by the past two decades.
Paul Gaugin, who Charles Strickland is based on, was one the first Expressionists. Other painters such as Vincent van Gogh and Edvard Munch, along with Paul Gaugin, were the pioneers of the Expressionist movement. The term expressionism was not applied to painting until 1911 (History of Expressionism), but the earlier works of Gaugin, van Gogh and Munch clearly provided the inspiration for the movement. Existing mostly in Germany, one of the most important Expressionist groups was “originated by a Dresden group called Die Brücke, which included painters Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein, and Otto Müller” (History of Expressionism). After viewing a Munich show of Impressionist and Post Impressionist paintings, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, founder of the Brücke group, felt that the paintings were lacking significance in content and execution. This led to his decision in 1900 that “German art needed a different direction” (Norris) and he created Brücke in 1905.