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Kinsey influence on society
Alfred Kinsey describes sexual orientation as
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Alfred Kinsey was an American Professor of biology and zoology at Indiana University. During his career he decided to shift his focus from studying gull wasps to that of human subjects. He embarked on a study of human sexual behavior by doing a series of interviews consisting of 18,000 people. The first installment of nine books was “Sexual Behavior in the Human Male.” This 30 year project was anything but non-controversial especially with in the realm of the FBI and the United States government. As any breakthrough research goes through, there were positive and negative critiques of his study. Within the FBI files themselves there are various negative critiques of his work stating that he himself was not suited for this type of research and that his research methods were “nothing new and radical regarding interviews by looking the subject ‘straight in the eye; to prevent the subject from lying.” The same reviewer, M.A. Jones, states that his analysis of homosexuality among young boys to be a flaw in his research as he did not actually interview any boys, but just uses accounts of adult men from their child hood and calls his scientific approach “prejudicious.” He also calls the value of the study to be limited and that in the wrong hands it could be harmful. This fits the purpose of this file because in order to prove that Kinsey and the Institute were ineligible to obtain obscene material for his research, they had to prove that he was not using them for academic purpose and that his book itself was “appropriate” for the audiences it would reach. Kinsey’s book, also known as the Kinsey Report, was reviewed as well by Reverend John B. Sheerin and he called the work “insignificant.” Circulating were all these negative comm... ... middle of paper ... ...y, May 20, 1955, Electronic Reading Room, “The Vault”, http://vault.fbi.gov/Alfred%20Kinsey, (accessed Nov. 6, 2013). Vern L. Bullough, “Alfred Kinsey and the Kinsey Report: Historical Overview and Lasting Contributions”, The Journal of Sex Research 35 no. 2 (May 1998):129. Vern L. Bullough, “Alfred Kinsey and the Kinsey Report: Historical Overview and Lasting Contributions”, The Journal of Sex Research 35 no. 2 (May 1998): 127. PBS, “Kinsey in the News”, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/kinsey/sfeature/sf_response_female.html (accessed 11/10/13. John Bodar, “Unruly Adults: Social Change and Mass Culture in the 1950s”, OAH Magazine of History 26 no. 4 (2012): 22. Donna J. Drucker, “A Most Interesting Chapter in the History of Science: Intellectual Responses to Alfred Kinsey’s Sexual Behavior in the Human Male”, History of the Human Sciences 25 no. 75 (2012): 79.
Belkin, Lisa. “The Sex Life.” NYTimes.com The New York Times. 09 Feb. 2011. Web. 01 April 2014.
At the beginning of the 1900s, there was a “sexual revolution” in New York City. During this time, sexual acts and desires were not hidden, but instead they were openl...
Alfred Kinsey remains the most renowned scientists in the field of sexology. His studies yield important information that helped shape the idea of sex and continues to educate all in the most private aspect of our lives. The Kinsey film is a great depiction of his life, research, and impact on the perspectives of sex as we know it.
Alfred Kinsey was an American biologist and sexologist who founded the institute for sex research at Indiana University. Kinsey’s founded the research of human sexuality, the research dealt with male and female sexual behavior, which provoked a lot of controversy in the 1940s and 1950s. One contribution that Kinsey did is that his reports on his research contributed to the sexual revolution because his findings brought the era to a more relaxed attitude towards sexual behavior. Another contribution that Kinsey brought to light is women’s sexuality. Before Kinsey, there only a little bit of research done on women’s sexuality and by performing the research Kinsey showed women as sexual being and brought to light the idea that sex and sexuality
Masters and Johnson were a pioneering team in the field of human sexuality, both in the domains of research and therapy. William Howell Masters, a gynecologist, was born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1915. Virginia Eshelman Johnson, a psychologist, was born in Springfield, Montana in 1925. To fully appreciate their contribution, it is necessary to see their work in historic context. In 1948, Alfred C. Kinsey and his co-workers, responding to a request by female students at Indiana University for more information on human sexual behavior, published the book Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. They followed this five years later with Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. These books began a revolution in social awareness of and public attention given to human sexuality. At the time, public morality severely restricted open discussion of sexuality as a human characteristic, and specific sexual practices, especially sexual behaviors that did not lead to procreation. Kinsey's books, which among other things reported findings on the frequency of various sexual practices including homosexuality, caused a furor. Some people felt that the study of sexual behavior would undermine the family structure and damage American society. It was in this climate - one of incipient efforts to break through the denial of human sexuality and considerable resistance to these efforts - that Masters and Johnson began their work. Their primary contribution has been to help define sexuality as a healthy human trait and the experience of great pleasure and deep intimacy during sex as socially acceptable goals. As a physician interested in the nature of sexuality and the sexual experience, William Masters wanted to conduct research that would lead to an objective understanding of these topics. In 1957, he hired Virgina Johnson as a research assistant to begin this research issue. Together they developed polygraph-like instruments that were designed to measure human sexual response. Using these tools, Masters and Johnson initiated a project that ultimately included direct laboratory observation and measurement of 700 men and women while they were having intercourse or masturbating. Based on the data collected in this study, they co-authored the book Human Sexual Response in 1966. In this book, they identify and describe four phases in the human sexual response cycle : excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. By this point in time, the generally repressive attitude toward sexuality was beginning to lift and the book found a ready audience.
Works Cited Abbott, Elizabeth. A. A. A History of Celibacy: From Athena to Elizabeth I, Leonardo da. Vinci, Florence, Nightingale, Gandhi, and Cher. 1st ed.
It was not until Kinsey et al. (1953) developed the Kinsey Scale to measure sexual orientation that the notion of sexual fluidity began to be considered in Western cultures. It consisted of a seven-category continuum based on two indicators: sexual fantasy and sexual experience. Both fantasy and experimental measures were found to have similar result, and many agreed this form of measurement was better than one consisting of only a few discrete variables (Ellis, Burke, & Ames, 1987).
Halperin, David. "Is There a History of Sexuality?." The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader. Ed. Henry
Milstein, Susan A. Taking Sides Clashing Views in Human Sexuality. Ed. William J. Taverner and Ryan W. McKee. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009. Print.
I had the opportunity to watch the movie “Kinsey.” In the process of watching this movie, I had different reactions when some scenes were presented. First of all, in the movie it showed that Kinsey’s father who was the preacher of a church was close minded about the topic of sex. However, I felt that this movie generalized that all pastors or preachers are close minded to talk about topics that refer to sex. In my experience, my pastor is very open to talk about sex, he would teach teenagers about what sex is about and he would talk to couple about that topic openly. However, it is true that keeping teenagers from sexual encounters before marriage is one of the goals preachers have.
Jacques Balthazart, in the book, Biology of Homosexuality, examines the historical and cultural context in which homosexuality is expressed and attempts to dissect homosexual behavior and cognition from a biological perspective. He explains that there are behaviors in human sexuality that exhibit greater diversity than the sexual behavior of other animals. This exertion may lead one to conclude that human sexuality, as a result of its biological and emotional components, is more complex than the sexuality of other species. (Balthazart, p.4)
This field of Sexology, developed from German and French influences, developed a taxonomy and categorization of sexual ‘deviance,’ in which homosexuality was at first seen as pathological and unnatural. This notion of a ‘degenerate’ sexuality and deviances, political, legal and social groups began to understand homosexuality in medicalized terms. Krafft-Ebbing, Ulrichs, Freud. Paedophilia and greeks.
James Harrison, who was a scientist, doctor, and society, started coming up with the resolution that there are some ways of treating the abnormality. Scientists and doctors started to conduct various kinds of abhorrence and aggressive therapies. It was implied that doctors even tried to castrate, but in conclusion none of the experiments were seem to be able to transmute sexual orientation of the people involved. The report by Alfred Kinsey in 1948, in his book “Being Homosexual”, was commented by Richard Isay, verbalizing that Kinsey and his co-workers for many years tried to find patients who had been indoctrinated from homosexuality to heterosexuality during many therapies. Inadvertently for them none of the cases gave an expected result. With these words he acknowledged that the statement that medicine is not the answer, which in its turn supports that homosexuality is not a mental condition, but genitival feature as many other above mentioned facts claim. Later on Hooper and Bruno Klopfer were performing and confirming tests to determine who would be homosexual. They notionally theorized that they would be able to differentiate homosexuals from heterosexuals by denotes of the Rorschach test. But as it turned out none of the test they were designing could genuinely reach the needed effect. The heterosexuals and homosexuals were interchangeable, demonstrating an
One of the earliest proposed definitions of asexuality came from the famed Alfred Kinsey in 1948, who called it “a lack of sexual behavior associated with a lack of sexual response to erotic stimuli” (Houdenhove, “Asexuality” 1). Later re-definitions include “a lack of sexual behavior associated with a lack of sexual desire” in 1977, “a lack of sexual orientation” in 1980, “a lack of sexual behavior” in 1993, and “a lack of sexual desire or excitement” in 2007 (Houdenhove, “Asexuality” 1; Yule 1). It was not until 2016 that researchers recommending using the definition that asexuals had been using to define themselves (which had also undergone some modifications), describing asexuality as “a lack of sexual attraction” (Houdenhove, “Asexuality” 1). It is interesting to note that all of these definitions define asexuality as “a lack of ______”, as it implies that there is something that asexuals are missing and that they are not complete, but the currently used definition at least describes the phenomenon in a way that is satisfactory to almost all who discuss asexuality.