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The importance of erik erikson theory
The importance of erik erikson theory
The importance of erik erikson theory
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A Thematic Analysis on Lifespan Development of a Couple
WITH REAL LIFE EXPERIENCES OF A COUPLE
The aim of this research is to explore a married couple’s real life
experiences and the possible influences that affect their life
development. A qualitative thematic analysis was carried out on
pre-existing material of three semi-structured interviews and a
video. Two main themes were identified : Various Influences and
Changeable. This analysis showed support for some research done
regarding Erikson’s development stages, Peck’s contribution on later
life, developmental contextualism and Bronfenbrenner’s theory. The
findings suggest that life development is multi-facet. A reflexive
analysis reviews some limitation on this analysis and recommendations
are also made.
INTRODUCTION
============
Lifespan development is the one among different psychological
perspectives. Psychologists are of different views on human
development. Some of them split human development into different
stages, some of them focus on the people’s later development, some are
optimistic but some not, and some opined that our development are
deterministic but also some do not think so.
Erik Erikson has developed a theory named as Psychosocial in which he
stated that there would be eight development stages from birth to
later adulthood within our life. (Cooper & Roth, 2002). The theory
emphasised that our development is a product of the interaction
between the society and individual; and our parents seems to play a
key role in our early life. Erikson argued that everyone must develop
throughout these eight stages.
While treating later ...
... middle of paper ...
...ay not what
exactly I think due to cultural influence.
Therefore, in future studies, I would recommend that there is no
pre-existing relationship between the interviewers and the
interviewees. Videotaped interview is considered appropriate, but the
crew members should be released, because I consider they will affect
the interviewees’ emotion. To reflect the content more precisely, it
is also suggest that the studies should be done by native students,
such arrangement could lower the cultural difference.
ReferenceS
Miell, D., Phoenix, A., and Thomas, K. (2002).
Mapping Psychology 1 (Book 1). Milton Keynes : The Open University
Press
Cooper, T., and Roth, I. (2002).
Challenging Psychological Issues. Milton Keynes : The Open University
Press
Methods Booklet 5. The Open University Press
Eric Erikson developed eight different psychosocial stages which emphasize the lifespan development during the major periods in life. The first psychosocial stage is infancy and it embraces the age of birth to one year old. The infancy crisis is trust versus mistrust which emphasizes that if children are taken care of; they will be able to gain confidence as well as trust. In the other hand, if they developed mistrust they will develop a sense of insecurity. Erickson’s second stage is toddlerhood which embraces the ages of one to three and deals with the stage crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt. In the toddlerhood stage, toddlers are able to use mental skills and are able to start deciding for themselves. The third stage is early childhood, and it embraces the ages of three to six with the stage crisis of initiative versus guilt. During the early childhood stage children are able to gain the characteristics of ambition and responsibility and it is developed through the parent’s support. On the other hand if parents are too demanding children will develop guilt. The next stage is middle adulthood which ranges in the ages of six to eleven; children are able to develop the characteristic cooperation but, inferiority can also arise with negative experiences which can cause a stage crisis of industry versus i...
Life span development is “The concept of the lifelong process of development that is studied scientifically.” (Papalia, 2012, 5). I chose to observe the development on an individual named Zyrion Williams. Zyrion is African American boy, born in February of 2013. He is a very energetic toddler that is 2 years old (31 months). Zyrion family structure consists of a nuclear family. “Nuclear family is a household unit consisting of one or two parents and their children, whether biological, adopted, or stepchildren.” (Papalia, 2012, 11). He is raised by his mother, who is a single parent, and he also has an older brother that is 7 years old. To encourage his development he is currently attending daycare. Lapetite Academy is a childcare center where
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Erikson’s theory, developed in 1963, supports the idea that early life experiences impact an individual across their lifespan. This theory considers that the growth of an individual is a result of interaction with the environment, biological maturation and societal influences, therefore, allowing for experiences from early life, to influence an individual throughout their lifespan (White, Hayes, and Livesey, 2009). Erikson’s theory focuses on eight different developmental stages within a lifespan and in order to progress from one stage to another, an individual must overcome a potential crisis of two opposing forces at each stage. There are two types of resolution of each stage, successful and unsuccessful. If an individual is
Eric Erikson was one of the most famous theorists of the twentieth century; he created many theories. One of the most talked about theories is his theory of psychosocial development. This is a theory that describes stages in which an individual should pass as they are going through life. His theory includes nine stages all together. The original theory only included eight stages but Erikson‘s wife found a ninth stage and published it after his death. The nine stages include: trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, integrity vs. despair, and hope and faith vs. despair (Crandell and Crandell, p.35-36)).
The interview provides a report of the developmental stages of a 32-year old female, who has never married, two children, and living with her fiancé and stepchildren. The interview focuses on individual growth and the quality of lifespan formation during her current age. The subject of the interview presents with questions concerning development levels such as physical growth, motor skills, cognitive development, emotional development, language development, and social development. The eight questions layout and document a clear supportive analysis of the subject growth and development; compare to others her age and the text.
This approach has become the stimulus for a number of similar theories which share the same assumptions on psychological development, yet differ in detail. (Gross, R, 2007) Erik Erikson, a neo-freudian himself accepted Freud’s theory but whereas the psychodynamic approach focuses on five main stages of development until adulthood, Erikson theorised that development is lifelong and continues throughout life until death. (Psychology for A Level 2000)
Psychosocial development is development on a social realm. Psychosocial development is how one develops their mind, maturity level, and emotions over the course of one’s life. The rate of development depends on different factors such as biological processes as well as environmental factors. A man named Erik Erikson who was a psychoanalyst who believed that early childhood successes and failures were responsible for influencing later developmental stages developed this theory. Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is based around the theory that social experience has an impact over an entire lifespan. There are eight stages developmental stages of development in the psychosocial theory and I will briefly examine all eight stages in this
My fiance and I display a mixture of relationship styles, both traditional and independent. Devito states in “Messages” that a traditional couple “sees themselves as blending of two persons into a single couple” (p.22), and an independent couple sees themselves as relatively androgynous (p.22). For example, we have a traditional view of marriage and how a couple acts in the marriage--we have a biblical view of things. However, because we are students, we tend to be independent from one another. He is involved in many things at school that I am not involved in, and vice versa. We have different majors, but we will share a home and a life together, and I think it will be interesting to see how we balance our personal lives with our married lives.
One of the things I remember from childhood is the innocent, if not irritating, repetition of four-line songs on the playground. One lyric in particular seems to have embedded itself in my memory and lasted through the years: “First comes love, then comes marriage, then comes the baby in a baby carriage.” I am sure most of my fellow college students remember it well.
To answer the question, “How does marrying before the age of 21 and starting a family affect the relationships of the couple and children as they grow older?”, the best theoretical perspective to use is the Family Life Course Development Framework. The textbook’s definition of this perspective is that families are followed through fairly typical states in the life course, such as through marriage, childbirth, states of raising children, adult children’s leaving home, retirement, and possible widowhood (pg. 505).
Marriage has existed longer than written history and there still a great demand. Over half of the adult population in the United States is married which consists of over 2 million people. At some point, two thirds of all Americans heterosexual or homosexual will vow to better or for worse till death do us apart. Despite, the recent decreased in the amount of people to get married, it’s still at a soaring 80 percent. Marriage is an integral part of who we are as humans but the real question is that because of evolutionary development or creation by God. These two belief systems play a fundamental role in the way we understand and live out marriage. The first view is evolutionary development which believes that marriage wasn't created by God and it was not originated in the beginning, however it was develop by society in the context culture. Therefore, concluding that marriage was a human institution invested throughout history as a way to carry out social roles. The second view would fall under the biblical view. Marriage is not of human origin, because it began with the Creator God. It was created by God from the beginning of history when He created the heavens and the earth . As the Creator of marriage, God has the right to tell us which rules should control marriage. Tim Keller affirms this in his book Meaning of Marriage; “Marriage is God’s idea. It is certainly also a human institution and it reflects the character of the particular human culture in which it is embedded. But the concept and roots of human marriage are in God’s own action, and therefore what the Bible says about God’s design for marriage is crucial.” Marriage is one of the most important institution in the world we living, however there is a...
This reaction paper will be on pairing number four. We watched a total of two videos for this pairing: Video one was called Marriage and Family, and video number two was called Family and Household. Both of these videos had my complete attention, as did the class discussions. I found this pairing to be the greatest attention-grabber so far. A few of the key topics that I was the utmost engaged in and would like to react to in this paper would happen to be, dowry verse bride price, the economics between a man and women in a marriage, and lastly, polygamy in marriages throughout other cultures.
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The four main sections in this chapter includes the life-span perspective (sums up how development can be affected by age, history, and life events), the nature of development (the key, distinctive periods where biological, cognitive, and socio emotional processes influence different, specific age periods along with how nature vs. nurture will also create the impact), theories of development (psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavioral and social cognitive, ethological, ecological, and electric theoretical orientation), and lastly, how research is made for life-span development (how data collection works, research criteria’s, time spent on research, and how to conduct research without bias