6. Conclusions The findings from the experiments of current and past researchers bear considerable similarity to the findings of my own experiment conducted as primary research. While each experiment examined dealt with slightly different variables, each one was able to further support the hypothesis that one’s positive physical characteristics, such as nice dress, appearance, and a positive expression, will cause others to perceive one to have more positive traits such as trustworthiness and goodness. This is demonstrated first off in the Clark Doll Test, whose results showed that society can impress upon anyone goodness and badness related to a physical characteristic, such as race. Next, the 1984 voter manipulation experiment demonstrated …show more content…
For instance, both of these people are dressed nicely, concurring with Halili’s study. Person F, being female, is wearing makeup and was coincidentally often viewed as having a significant, successful role in society, such as being a human rights advocate in the United Nations, which reflects the result of the makeup and career advancement experiment. The setting of Person A’s photograph was a courthouse, which could have caused subjects to make inferences based on that, similar to the trustworthiness experiment by Nicholas Rule. Examining all of the six pictures, those who were smiling - Persons A, D, and F - were often viewed as trustworthy, good individuals, like the results of the 1984 United States election experiment suggested could be a factor. Moreover, the Gender/Ethnicity Bike Theft experiment’s results were supported through the fact that the women were less commonly associated with being criminals than the males were, as the female actress was compared to the male actors in the Bike Theft experiment, and also how the man of colour, Person B, who looked to be of Hispanic ethnicity, was often associated with being a criminal, similar to how the African-American boy in the Bike Theft experiment was seen as more of a criminal
How the Vote Was Won introduces the role of brave women in their journey to success of the national suffrage movement. Mead writes about the success that was brought by the women in the western states, and gives the readers an insight on the struggles of racism and elitism that played throughout the suffrage movement in the western states. In eight perceptive chapters, the authors focuses on a few states in the west, in which she explains the successes or failures of the campaigns for woman suffrage. Mead also addresses readers with significant descriptions of how the woman 's suffrage served as both economic and political justice giving women the right to vote.
The experiment to test the social norm of what clothes to wear in the gym consisted of five participants. The three confederates, Julie Curtis, Melissa Medici, and Payge Yerkes, were in the control group and wore gym shorts, t-shirts, and sneakers. The job of the control group was to watch the other gym patrons’ reactions to the experimenter’s attire. The experimental group consisted of Julie Crance, who wore a black top, black pants and brown heels; and Danielle Bonser, who wore a black dress and black wedges. Both experimenters wore their hair down, curled and wore a lot of makeup. Crance rode the bike, while Bonser worked on the elliptical for the duration of this experiment, which took place in the Kaplan gym at Mount Saint Mary College.
As put by Holy Golightly in Breakfast at Tiffany 's, "Anyone who ever gave you confidence, you owe them a lot."(Capote). When a positive stereotype is introduced and one lives up to it or works toward it the results can be progressive. Generally positive stereotypes increase and improve performance in individuals when introduced. An interesting experiment showed that when tested, "Each group performed better on the task they believe the opposite gender underperformed on"(Krendl, Gainsburg, Nalini). When the group believed they would do better, they did indeed. Positive stereotypes encourage people to do better and to be better. In this case, stereotypes give confidence instead of taking it away showing that sometimes stereotypes can be
In the case study “If Looks Could Kill”, the hiring process is down to three candidates: Jamal, Tanya, and Darrell. The Hiring committee has to decide which candidate to rule out. All of the committee members agree that this is a difficult decision expect for one. One member of the committee speaks up and says that they think Darrell has to be the one ruled out because of his poor looks. The decision to rule out Darrell based on his looks is the main ethical issue. There are also a few secondary issues that include the student’s reaction to Darrell after his teaching demonstration, the study on physical attractiveness and success, and the question one weather or not physical attractiveness should be a deciding factor on weather or not to hire someone. Below is a chart that includes an analysis of options the hiring committee can make and the people affected by the decision.
The human race is comprised of a plethora of shapes, sizes, colors, and figures. Some of these images are regarded as ‘distorted’ in dominant culture, but these distortions are what makes every person unique and should be celebrated. Stereotypes, whether positive or negative, take these ‘distortions’ and assign behavioral attributes to them. This assumes that all persons who meet a certain set of physical requirements behave in a similar way. Due to the diversity of the human race, this outcome is highly improbable. Despite this, stereotypes are often used to describe a group of people, usually amplifying a negative trait that may not b...
As said earlier, in one study researchers used different conditions to assess the differences in people’s behavior. The two conditions were the prejudice condition and the no prejudice condition. The prejudice condition involved one’s religion being mentioned. The participants were in a casual setting and thought that all the other men in the room were Gentiles and knew they were Jewish. After interacting and the experiment concluded, the men were asked to fill out a mood adjective check list, and rated themselves on positive and negative Jewish stereotypes and self- esteem traits. On the other hand, in the no prejudice condition religion and ethnicity were not mentioned which left the men with attribution to prejudice (Dion & Earn,
According to recent research, there have been people who have found that this effect can be present in the media. Reporters and journalist are more likely to report the news of attractive people rather than no eyed-catching people. The article “Better-Looking Politicians Get More Media Coverage” published by ScienceDaily explains and presents the results of these studies, which have been performed by the University of Haifa’s Department of Communication. The results of these researchers have shown that better-looking, political tenure, seniority and army rank get higher frequency of TV news coverage. With this statement, we can infer that not only the appearance counts, but also what kind of people merit respect for inhabitants inside the society.
Izumi, Yutaka and Frank Hammonds. "Changing Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes: The Roles of Individuals and Groups." Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal (2007): 845-852.
Human beings inherently utilise these cognitive structures in order to make immediate inferences about personality. In the 2000 study, Vrugt and Luyerink found that individuals had incorporated certain postural positions within their schematic structures for men and women, and could draw upon these to make inferences about personality and occupation. Females who posed conservatively were deemed more feminine, whilst male who sat less conservatively were deemed more masculine. Similarly, Hack (2014) ascertained that particular facial expressions had been cognitively assigned to either gender. Whereby, via the mechanism of stereotyping, the smiling females were perceived to be more likeable, communal beings, in comparison to the presented smiling male faces. Not dissimilarly, Lindwall and Ginis (2008) found that stereotypical traits existed for males who exercised regularly and those who did not. Based appearance alone, male exercisers were considered to be happy, sociable, hard working, confident and well disciplined. Furthermore, Juodvallkis et al (2003) explored the consequences of stereotyping behaviour in the job screening process. In relation to impression formation, those who displayed a gender appropriate style of communication were deemed to be more appropriate for the position than those who did not. Lastly, Okimoto (2012) extended this line of research and focused on the stereotyping
Tice, D.M, Butler J.L., Muraven M.B. & Stillwell A.M. (1995). When modesty prevails: Differential favorability of self-presentation to friends and strangers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(6), 1120-1138 doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.6.1120
In a growing world, relying on education and intelligence, judgments in a social environment are still continuously based off of appearance. A study of the importance of outer looks was produced through a TV game show. Contestants fought to answer questions correctly to improve their personal score. At the end of the game, the player with the highest score was asked to eliminate a team member. Although many times an unattractive player would have higher scores and could be more beneficial than another teammate, only 27% of unattractive members were chosen to advance to the next round (Belot, Bhaskar, and van de Ven 852-853). When society overlooks qualities and characteristics of high value for looks, discrimination conquers.
Yes, people are worried about this issue going around in a few states people and could even hurt our rights to vote, and it’s a big issue, some states have let this go, saying that we don’t need this passed, but it has been a constant struggle to vote because of people lying about themselves. We in fact have proof that voting fraud has gone around. People have been lying about their age, and their names, one man was caught selling crack cocaine in exchange for fraudulent ID which is ridiculous, this happened in Ohio, the man was caught and sent to jail shortly after. Some states refuse to do anything even after all of that fraud and lie. Some people state it’s easier that way because some people don’t have the required photo ID. But voting
Researchers combined the data together for males and females as the results for both genders showed no significant difference. Researchers did not inform the students of the actual hypothesis (as stated above) to ensure genuine and unbiased responses. Students were informed that researchers were interested in knowing whether student’s initial evaluations of a professor were identical to evaluations students had reported after spending an entire semester with him. The independent variable of interest was the psychology professor whom was manipulated to play the role of a likeable, respectful, flexible and enthusiastic professor in interview number one, and an unlikeable, cold, untrusting and dictative professor in interview number two. To ensure a baseline for appearance in both interviews the researchers showed participants either tape one or tape two interviews without any sound. Students were asked to rate his physical appearance and only a miniscule difference was noted. Interview questions were also operationalized to be the same in both interviews to avoid inconsistency. Students were split into groups to watch one of the two interviews containing the same professor. The dependent variables used included the professor’s perceived likeability, and characteristics including physical appearance, mannerisms and accent which were measured
The experiment given by Aronson and Cope tested the attractiveness and punishments given by a person based on their relationship with another person. Forty male and forty female were randomly assigned to get a harsh experimenter and pleasant experimenter, harsh experimenter and harsh supervisor, pleasant experimenter and pleasant supervisor, or pleasant experimenter and harsh supervisor. The people who participated in the experiment thought they were participating in a study on creativity. The college students had to write a creative story on each picture that they were shown. The graduate student, who was the experimenter, always had a negative reaction to their stories but was either considerate about letting them know or was really harsh and rude about informing the students about their not creative stories. Then the experimenter would put his foot on the on the vent in the room and that would signal the supervisor to come interrupt the session to let the experimenter know if they had done a good job or bad job on the research that he had been conducting. This research is ba...
Srull, T. K., & Wyer, R. S. (1979). The role of category accessibility in the interpretation of information about persons: Some determinants and implications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1660-1672.