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The san francisco earthquake outline essay
San francisco earthquake 1906 essays
Essays on the san francisco massive earthquake
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Home to one of the most known fault lines in California is the San Andres fault line. Known for its disastrous earthquakes San Andres is noted as the most dangerous geological feature as stated in How the Earth was Made. The San Andreas Fault is a fault zone where two tectonic plates known as the Pacific Plate and the North American plate meet. San Andreas was born when these two plates were forced to change direction and started sliding against each other forming the San Andreas fault line 20 million years ago.This fault zone is 800 miles long and runs all the way from Northern California to Southern California affecting many major cities surrounding such as San Francisco or Los Angeles. San Andres has caused the most disastrous earthquakes on the west coast of the United States and to understand it,one must examine its’ history. What San Andres is truly known for is the earthquakes that happen along its fault lines. In detail an earthquake is basically caused by a rupture in a fault which in this case is the San Andres fault. San Andres is known as a transform fault where two plates meet. After the rupture in the fault the build up stress in the earth’s outer layer causes rocks to slip or rub against each other releasing energy. This released energy causes the seismic waves …show more content…
that causes the shaking that is felt during an earthquake. Earthquakes happen every day in California, some are felt and some are not but they are measured by the Seismic waves which are recorded by seismographs. These seismographs help keep an eye on the San Andreas by recording any activity. In 1906 the San Andreas Fault line was brought to the world’s attention because of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake.
The 1906 San Francisco\destroyed and devastated the city and people of San Francisco. The earthquake first shook and brought down the city, then the fires caused by the earthquake burned it down. In 1906 a 7.8 magnitude earthquake hit San Francisco that lasted less than a minute. The aftershocks left the city burning, 28,000 thousand buildings destroyed and 3,000 people dead. Also it left behind millions of dollars of damage and clean up for the city of San Francisco. After this earthquake many questioned what caused this disaster and they would soon find
out. Around 1906 there was not too much knowledge about how earthquakes happened but after the earthquake in San Francisco scientists where eager to find out. Collecting damage from the earthquake in 1906 scientists noticed there were roads that had buckled,rail tracks that had twisted and figured out there was a pattern to their finding. The most significant finding was in a city to the north of San Francisco they found a fence that had a 8 ft gap after the earthquake and before the earthquake it was a solid fence. The scientist starting plotting the evidence of their different findings such as the fence and realized all their findings had something in common ,they all made a straight line on a map and at every point the Earth moved the same way. As they investigated the line on the map they noticed the line ran through the lagoon de San Andreas so they name the fault San Andreas. At first some scientists thought it was a rift but now they knew it was the San Andreas fault. Till this day San Andreas fault line is still active and is apart of life today. Personally I am not prepared for an earthquake and I don’t believe half of Los Angeles is ready for the next time San Andres hits. How the Earth was Made stated in the video when San Andreas hits it would be devastating in Los Angeles due to the over population and people not being prepared. It would be total chaos when San Andreas strikes in Los Angeles. Overall through history it can be seen and learned that even today the San Andreas fault line is a significant force to be reckon with in California.
There was a massive earthquake in San Francisco during the year of 1906. The country of United States went through great loss because of this massacre. Nearly 250,000 people had become homeless as the result of this great earthquake. Winchester pointed out the question: How unprepared was America when this disaster hit? He compared the San Francisco earthquake to the Katrina hurricane in 2005.
The Long Point Fault is located in Harris County, which covers 83,450 square miles located with in Houston, Teaxas City Limits. Research specifies that there are three sections of the Long Point fault that appear to be active; some sections of the Long Point fault have averaged more than 2 cm per year of vertical offset over the last 20 years. Evidence of the faults concludes it is a natural fault. The reason for activity is not caused by man, even though man’s activities are not helping the issues, but clearly humans are not the initial cause, biological activity can be in fact an adiitional cause for its movement. A brief description of the type of fault and its relationship with the strata and the faults beneath the Houston area, are at depths of 1,000 to 4,000 m. They have been well-defined through the study of well logs and seismic lines. Studies have resuted in assumuptions that some of these subsurface faults penetrate younger sediments at shallower depths, and contain faults that have of set the present land surface to produce recognizable scarps. (Gabrysh)
When one of the worst earthquakes ever hits the town of San Francisco panic ensues, but not for everyone. On April 18, 1906, at 5:15 am the city of San Francisco was demolished by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake which also led to many fires being started. There was $350m in estimated damages, and 400-750 people perished in the earthquake and fire. Around 490 city blocks were destroyed, causing 250,000 people to become homeless (A Brief Account, SF Tourism Tips). In the aftermath of the earthquake there were many eyewitness accounts written about it. The eyewitness account, “Comprehending the Calamity,” by Emma Burke and the eyewitness account,"Horrific Wreck of the City" by Fred Hewitt both describe the same event, but they both have very different
Most of Arizona’s earthquakes are associated with the San Andreas fault as most of Arizona’s earthquakes are shocks from epicenters located in California. Arizona has had earthquakes with epicenters located in its borders and just like the ones located near the San Andreas fault, they are linked to a transform plate boundary and are dip-slip earthquakes. Much of the focus of these earthquakes can be centered around the Grand Canyon as much of the after-effects of these earthquakes caused phenomenons to occur in the Grand Canyon. Many rockslides took place in the Grand Canyon and plenty of the cracks found in the canyon’s rock layers are attributed to some of the earthquakes that took place in Arizona since the geologic landscape formed its current
Earthquakes are best described as a shaking or vibration of the ground caused by breaking of rock. Sometimes they are very strong and other times you would hardly notice them. This shaking occurs when stress that builds up in the crust is suddenly released as the crust breaks free and/or slides against the other pieces of crust. Earthquakes may also be thought of as the breaking of a popsicle stick by applying pressure to both ends at the same time. Should you try this experiment , you will feel the pressure build up as you apply more force until the stick snaps. When the stick snaps you will feel an instant of pain at your fingers as the stress reduces and energy waves move throughout the stick. When the earth's crust is placed under similar types of stress, binding as the stress builds, it will also snap and release the energy into the surrounding rocks, 'ooch'. Thinking about earthquakes will become more clear if you try another experiment.
Earthquakes are a natural part of the Earth’s evolution. Scientific evidence leads many geologists to believe that all of the land on Earth was at one point in time connected. Because of plate tectonic movements or earthquakes, continental drift occurred separating the one massive piece of land in to the seven major continents today. Further evidence supports this theory, starting with the Mid-Atlantic ridge, a large mass of plate tectonics, which are increasing the size of the Atlantic Ocean while shrinking the Pacific. Some scientists believe that the major plate moveme...
With the recent earthquakes in California, many are worried about the next earthquake that could be the potential “big” one that many geologists have been predicting for many years. The Cascadia subduction zone is also known as the CSZ megathrust fault. It is roughly 1000km long, a dipping fault that stretches from the Northern Vancouver Islands to Cape Mendocino, California. The zone passes through British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and into California. The Cascadia region has experienced several types of earthquakes and it is very likely to experience similar quakes in the near future.
The scenario mentioned above was based on the rupture located along the Cascadia fault line. This fault system runs from Northern California to Vancouver Island about 700 miles off the shore (FOX5). Scientists use to believe that the San Andreas Fault was where a large earthquake tsunami would originate, but recently their attention has shifted to the Cascadia subduction zone which is now said to be much more dangerous than previously thought (FOX5). Recent earthquake events have added even more tension and possibility for a large-scale tsunami. On March 10, 2014, a 6.8 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Northern California, which put a lot of stress on the Mendocino Triple Junction (Davidson). The Mendocino Triple Junction is where three tectonic plates collide, and is very unstable (Davidson). This junction has all this built up pressure and is about ready to explode. Scientists believe that this junction will be the origin of a tear along the 680-mile long Cascadia Subduction Zone. (Davidson). The disaster that follows will be considered the United State’s largest modern-day earthquake.
On the night of April 18, 1906, the whole town was woken by erratic shaking. Although the earthquake lasted under a measly minute, it caused significant damage. Many fires started all throughout the city; San Francisco burned in turmoil.
The San Francisco Earthquake commenced at five thirteen o’clock in the morning, with the epicenter offshore of San Francisco. The city carried more than 400,000 people during this event (Earthquake of 1906, 1). Most of the
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was one of the largest earthquakes in the United States. Even though it only lasted less than a minute, the damages and aftermath of the earthquake were disastrous. These damages were not just from the earthquake, but also from other hazards that occurred because of it. It also had a huge effect on the people living in San Francisco. Many people, the government, and other countries helped the city of San Francisco with relief goods like food and clothing. The city used up their resources in order to rebuild the city and spent a lot of money. This earthquake also started a scientific revolution about earthquakes and its effects.
At 5:12 a.m. on April 18th, 1906, the California city of San Francisco was awoken by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake. Chaos erupted with the earthquake leading to fire break outs throughout San Francisco (Cameron and Gordon. Pgs 69-73).The earthquake and the resulting fires caused destruction to majority of the city with buildings crumbling and igniting into flames. Many people died along with thousands and thousands of people being left homeless. This devastating earthquake left the city and United States in a financial crisis. Although the 1906 earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history, the city of San Francisco was able to overcome these substantial physical, social and economic impacts it had.
Before examining the Northridge event, understanding the naturally occurring hazard that is an earthquake will help to better understand exactly what happened and why it was such an important geological event. With four distinct layers, two layers, the crust and upper portion of the mantle, compose the skin that is the surface layer of the Earth. The crust is not a single, continuous piece. It is actually several different pieces, or plates, that come together to form the puzzle that comprises the surface of the Earth. These plates are in constant motion rubbing against one another. These areas, known as fault lines, where the plates rub up against one another have spots where one plate ”gets stuck while the rest of the plate keeps moving. When the plate has moved far enough, the edges unstick and is how most of the earthquakes around the world occur” (Wald, 2012). The energy stored from the friction of the two plate...
study of the San Andreas fault system." (USGS) When the 1906 earthquake struck scientist set
The Great Kanto Earthquake also known as the Tokyo-Yokohama Earthquake of 1923 hit the metropolitan area of Kanto on September 1st, 1923 around 11:58 pm. It was a 7.9 on the Richter magnitude scale, killing over one-hundred and forty thousand people due to its high magnitude and the time it happened. The earthquake struck around lunch time, when many Japanese people were at home cooking at their charcoal or gas fueled stoves. At the moment the earthquake hit, it knocked down buildings that caught flames from the stoves that fell over, enflaming the city. The fire was swept up and able to spread due to the gusts of wind that occurred for two days afterwards, resulting in firestorms. Charles Blauvelt experienced the ordeal of the fire describing the flames as “[covering] the whole city [as they] burned all day and night.” In addition to the firestorms and the earthquake itself, there was a shock because of all the fallen debris which triggered tsunamis to fill and flood Japanese cities. These tsunamis, that were about thirty feet tall, destroyed central Tokyo and immensely added to the death toll.