The Bay Area and Earthquakes
What have they learned since the quake quite allot. The fault moved in a fashion that geologists of
the time did not expect: it moved horizontally, the southwestern side slipping to the northwest,
relative to the southeastern side. "The 1906 earthquake marked the dawn of modern scientific
study of the San Andreas fault system." (USGS) When the 1906 earthquake struck scientist set
forth to make observations on effects of the quake. The final report published in 1908 (commonly
known as the Lawson Report) was a compilation on detailed reports. Today this document
remains in highest regards among seismologists, engineers and geologists. It is said to be a
benchmark for the future, and integrated investigation into the effects of earthquakes in the U.S.
Reid also on the Lawson commission, and his "theory of elastic rebound" are significant
observations in earthquake research.
Although one would think that the Bay Area with it's history of plate tectonic
motion would be well prepared for the next quake. But, a powerful quake struck the Bay Area
October 17, 1989. Damage for this San Francisco Bay Area quake are close to 4 billion. The
quake is said to have been a record in deaths.
Due to the hazard that earthquakes cause, a hazard consultant becomes a critical part of
producing a earthquake safe environment. In a nuclear facility that in itself is a danger, an honest
and through examination of the facility is important. Their are different procedures that different
industries have to adhere to. Nuclear facilities most likely rate first on facility that must be well
equipped to handle an earthquakes. These are the procedures that hazard consultant must go
through when reviewing different nuclear sites.
Bibliography:
Works Cited
Ritchie, David. The Encyclopedia of Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Facts On File, Inc
1994
Lomnitz, Cinna. Fundamentals of Earthquake Prediction. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
1994
Gordon, Thomas and Max Morgan Witts. The San Francisco Earthquake. City, Stien and Day,
1971
Stienbrugge , V. Karl.
There was a massive earthquake in San Francisco during the year of 1906. The country of United States went through great loss because of this massacre. Nearly 250,000 people had become homeless as the result of this great earthquake. Winchester pointed out the question: How unprepared was America when this disaster hit? He compared the San Francisco earthquake to the Katrina hurricane in 2005.
Earthquakes are a natural part of the Earth’s evolution. Scientific evidence leads many geologists to believe that all of the land on Earth was at one point in time connected. Because of plate tectonic movements or earthquakes, continental drift occurred separating the one massive piece of land in to the seven major continents today. Further evidence supports this theory, starting with the Mid-Atlantic ridge, a large mass of plate tectonics, which are increasing the size of the Atlantic Ocean while shrinking the Pacific. Some scientists believe that the major plate moveme...
I think being prepared and educated will save many lives if and when we get the big one in the Cascadia region. Works Cited http://www.crew.org/cascadia http://www.crew.org/sites/default/files/cascadia_subduction_scenario_2013.pdf http://www.pnsn.org/outreach/earthquakesources/crustalfaults www.iris.edu/hq/files/programs/education_and_outreach/aotm/5/2.Subduction_Rebound_Background.pdf www.crew.org/sites/default/files
The Whittier earthquake was not the "big one" that Angelenos perpetually wait for. This may be hard to comprehend given the extensive damage caused by the earthquake. Although classified as "moderate," the quake left more than 100 injured and six dead, including an electrical repairman buried in an underground tunnel, a college student struck by falling concrete in a campus garage, and three people who died of heart attacks brought on by the shock.
On the night of April 18, 1906, the whole town was woken by erratic shaking. Although the earthquake lasted under a measly minute, it caused significant damage. Many fires started all throughout the city; San Francisco burned in turmoil.
Ten million California residents who lived closely from the major fault lines could have been endangered in many extreme ways. (House, 56). A tragic thing was that after the earthquake a multitudes of fire followed right after. The situation led to the water mains being destroyed and the firefighter being left with no water to settle the growing fire which continued blazing. The bay water was planned on putting all of the dure out but it was to far in distance to be able to transport it (Earthquake of 1906, 2). The firefighters who were putting out the fire were either surrounded or being burned by the fire that was blazing in all directions (San Francisco Earthquake, 2). A resident who was present during the event mention that he/she saw men and women standing in a corner of a building praying, one person who became delirious by the horrific ways that were surrounding him while crying and screaming at the top of his lungs “the Lord sent it, the Lord”. Someone also mentioned that they experience themselves seeing Stones fall from the sky and crushing people to death. Reporters say there were 100 cannons going off (San Francisco Earthquake, 3). People who lived fifty miles away from the fire was able to “read the newspaper at
Many people, the government, and other countries helped the city of San Francisco with relief goods like food and clothing. The city used up their resources in order to rebuild the city and spent a lot of money. This earthquake also started a scientific revolution about earthquakes and their effects. 1906 SF Earthquake’s Geological Aspects On the morning of April 18, 1906, around 5:12 am, the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake happened.
New Madrid earthquake of 1811-1812 was known to be “one of the most powerful earthquake felt throughout the Eastern United State”(2,75) . “December 16, 1811 at 2 a.m”(1). , the first earthquake had struck in the Northern part of Arkansas through Missouri. “This earthquake occurred in Central Mississippi Valley”(2,2) . New Madrid fault is located in the northern part of Missouri and southern part of Illinois. On the morning of December 16, 1811, when the earthquake struck; “people were scared”(10,26) , they ran out of their houses as the trees were falling onto the ground and the ground was breaking up. After the earthquake ended, around 7 a.m., one of the largest aftershock occurred and it was known to be a destructive shock because
On the morning of Wednesday, April 18, 1906 an earthquake struck the City of San Francisco at 5:12 according to seismograph records. It was remembered as especially violent and everyone in the vicinity woke up to white dust in the air from fallen debris. As remembered by a bystander of the event, “I was awakened by a very severe shock of earthquake. The shaking was so violent that it nearly threw me out of bed... As soon as it was over I got up and went to the window, and saw the street filled with a white dust.” (Stetson, 21.) The strong shaking lasted from 45 to 60 seconds which were felt as far north as southern Oregon and past Los Angeles in the south. The water supply became shut off by the earthquake and then when fires broke out all ove...
After the Second World War seismometers were installed into the earth and showed that
Earthquakes occur around us all the time. Most are too small to notice and cause little to no damage. However, every so often large earthquakes do occur. Large earthquakes leave catastrophic damage a...
On December 26, 2004, the pressure became too much for the plates to bear (Doc. 8); the plates violently snapped. This sent massive vibrations, which are collectively called an earthquake, through the Earth’s crust. These seismic waves travelled all the way from the sea to land, wreaking havoc in their paths. Though earthquakes are always dangerous, they can have a far more ...
In this paper I will discuss what an earthquake is and what causes an earthquake. Now an earthquake is also known as a quake, tremor or temblor and is the perceptible shaking of the surface of the earth. Furthermore, this can be so violent that it can destroy major buildings as well as kill thousands of people when they happen. When an earth happens they can be ranged from a small shaking tremor that can barely be felt by anyone to a major quake that is so violent that it throws people around. In the world today there have been earthquakes that have totally destroyed entire cities. Now all of this is done because there is a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust and it creates seismic waves. These waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth’s layers which result in the earthquake and sometimes an explosion or even a volcano. Therefore, when an
Earthquakes belong to the class of most disastrous natural hazards. They result in unexpected and tremendous earth movements. These movements results from dissemination of an enormous amount of intense energy in form of seismic waves which are detected by use of seismograms. The impact of earthquakes leaves behind several landmarks including: destruction of property, extensive disruption of services like sewer and water lines, loss of life, and causes instability in both economic and social components of the affected nation (Webcache 2).
To begin with earthquakes can happen around the world. A 6.3 earthquake destroyed historic buildings in Italy. On January 12, 2010 a powerful 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti and left a powerful impact on people. It caused people to die and made people want to help the people of Haiti. Five years ago one of the largest earthquakes on record ripped through eastern Indian Ocean. Last year a strong earthquake measuring 6.1 in magnitude struck Iran. Only four states never have had an earthquake and those s...