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Plates tectonic essay
Aspects of plate tectonics
Plates tectonic essay
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Tectonic Activity The continents of the world are all separated by different tectonic plates which when collide is called Tectonic Activity. There are different forms of tectonic activity and different processes and landforms, which are involved during and as a result of the collisions. As and when these collisions are going to take place we can't determine because current technology hasn't allowed us to dig as far into the earth to the point of pressures which causes the plates to collide. These pressures are believed to be eruptions of liquid magma deep inside the earth. The plate tectonic theory was first proposed in 1915 by a man named Alfred Wegener, who was one of the first to identify that the continents of earth look like they fit together in a jig saw puzzle, but what separates him is the fact he suggested that the earth had separated over a period of time, introducing the future theory of plates. As Wegener had no explanation of why the earth's crust had separated many geologists turned against his ideas, these people were called anti-mobilists. The only evidence that was proved to help Wegener's theory was that palaeontologists had found fossils of similar species on different continents, which suggests that the same species were once on the same area of land with the only explanation being that they had been separated by the motion of land. As years passed more and more evidence was uncovered to support the idea of plates move constantly over time. After the Second World War seismometers were installed into the earth and showed that
In 1906, a scientist by the name of Richard Dixon Oldham had suggested a theory structured another scientists findings by the name of Emil Wiechert. Oldham had identified that S waves and P waves behaved differently and
Earthquakes are a natural part of the Earth’s evolution. Scientific evidence leads many geologists to believe that all of the land on Earth was at one point in time connected. Because of plate tectonic movements or earthquakes, continental drift occurred separating the one massive piece of land in to the seven major continents today. Further evidence supports this theory, starting with the Mid-Atlantic ridge, a large mass of plate tectonics, which are increasing the size of the Atlantic Ocean while shrinking the Pacific. Some scientists believe that the major plate moveme...
When the plates mash together on a convergent boundary, they can create an earthquake. A place with a convergent boundary is New Zealand. When the plates pull apart, a divergent boundary, they create a hole in the ocean that causes molten lava to rush up and it causes a volcano to form. A place with a divergent boundary is Iceland. With about 130 volcanoes all together, it has the most volcanoes of any country in the world and is on two tectonic plates. Santorini is currently in an area of earth where the African and Eurasian plate meet, and Atlantis disappeared with a rumble that could have come from a volcano or an
While at Marburg University, in the autumn of 1911, Wegener was browsing in the university library when he came across a scientific paper that listed fossils of identical plants and animals found on opposite sides of the Atlantic. Intrigued by this, Wegener found more cases of similar organisms separated by great oceans. Science at the time explained such cases with land bridges, now sunken, had once connected the continents. Wegener had also noticed the close fit between the coastlines of Africa and South America. He wondered weather the similarities among organisms might be due to the continents having been joined together at one time.
remains in highest regards among seismologists, engineers and geologists. It is said to be a
Summary: After the formation of the Earth, continents, once apart of a single supercontinent, slowly move away from one another. The shifting and movement of the continents created geographical landmarks such as mountains and large oceans. Later, enormous sheets of ice covered large areas of the Earth in a period known as the Ice Age. When the ice retreated from North America, it left the landscape as we know it today.
About 20 million years ago the last part of the Farallon sea floor plate subducted under the North American plate. This put the North American plate and the Pacific plate into contact, but unlike the Farallon sea floor plate, the Pacific plate sheared against the side of the North American plate. Because there was no plate subducting, the North American plate was in direct contact with the mantle (Tierney, 29). Heat from the mantle made the continental crust more ductile, which allowed the crust to extend and thin.
This is because all of them move the crust in different ways. Weather it be a few tenths of degrees or multiple degrees, the plates are always moving. Sometimes when these plates collide, things like volcanoes can come to form. The boundaries can make things like: folded mountain ranges, volcanoes, earthquakes, trenches, mid ocean ridges, and rift valleys. Convergent boundaries are when the plates collide into each other.
Convection currents deep in the mantle of the earth, begin to well up towards the surface. As the pressure increases, it sets the crustal plates in motion. There are different kinds of mountains - Volcanic, Folded, Fault-block, and Dome mountains. Volcanic mountains are formed when magma comes up through cracks in the Earth’s crust and explodes out of lava and ash. The Hawaiian volcanoes, Mt. Hood, Mt. Etna, Vesuvius, and Mt. Saint Helens is an example of volcanic mountains.
The Pacific plate is moving northwest in relation to the North American plate, and it is believed that the total displacement along the fault since its formation more than 30 million years ago has been about 350 mi. Movement along the fault causes earthquakes; several thousand occur annually
The Range of Physical Phenomena that are Associated with Volcanic Hazards Volcanic eruptions bring with them a large range of hazards. This report will describe the different range of hazards associated with volcanic activity and discus possible ways that hazards can be avoided. A volcanic eruption can, force people to leave their homes, damage sources of water, destroy homes and farms, restrict travel and kill. Pyroclastic flow is a flow of volcanic rock, and the most devastating effect of an explosive eruption. A pyroclastic eruption is one in which the great majority of activity involves fountaining or explosions.
and it creates magma where the two tectonic plates meet. Study this map that shows the motion of the Earth's plates. 5. Find the Nazca plate and the South American plate. How are they different?
Earth was formed 4.8 billion years ago (3) . It became the home for hazelnuts because it had an atmosphere and environment which allowed for life to prosper in later years. Earth’s surface was once composed of a single landmass, known as Pangaea (1).Over time it was broken up into seven different plates which were free to move as a result of movements in the hot, semi-liquid magma beneath the...
The geology of Northern Ireland is remarkably varied for its size. Its bedrock geology includes examples from almost every period of geological time during the last billion years of Earth history. Geology affects almost every aspect of life, from shape of the landscape to the wildlife. In this area, the biodiversity is very much underpinned by its geology.
The concurrent convective circulations in the mantle leads to some segments of the mantle moving on top of the outer core which is very hot and molten in nature. This kind of movement in different segments occurs as tectonic plates. These tectonic plates are basically seven on the earth surface as major ones, although, several small ones exist also. The plates motions are characterized by varying velocities, this variance results to sub sequential collision of two plates (leading to formation of a mountain in a convergent boundary), drift of two plates (leading to formation of rifts in a divergent boundary), or parallel movement in a transform boundary(Webcache 3).