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X-tics of the nurse-patient relationship
X-tics of the nurse-patient relationship
Personality development in nursing
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The Theory of Interpersonal Relations by Hildegard Peplau was first published in nursing in 1952 (Forchuk & Dorsay, 1995). Peplau’s theory focused on the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the patient (Denisco & Barker, 2016). The nurse takes on the role of counselor, resource, teacher, technical expert, surrogate, and leader, as needed (Denisco & Barker, 2016). Interpersonal relation is derived from the empirical study of human interactions, which helps nurses better understand how to care for their patients based from the patient’s responses to experiences related to their health and illness (Peplau, 1997). According to Peplau (1997), relations refer to the connections, linkage, bonds or patterns that develop and are identifiable within the relationship. The three identifiable phases in this theory are: (1) the orientation phase, (2) the working phase, and (3) the termination phase (Senn, 2013). The nurse utilizes the nurse-patient relationship in each phase to assess the patient’s psychological, emotional, and spiritual needs with learned communication skills, personal strengths, and an understanding of human behavior (Senn, 2013).
This theory is relevant to advanced practice nurses (APNs) because as APNs,
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It can also be utilized as the basic framework in conducting successful research. By using the three phases of the interpersonal relations theory, researchers were able to recruit and retain women for their study through the nurse-participant relationship (Byrn, Ferrans, Mumby, & Penckofer, 2011). As an APN, I plan to guide my patient interactions through this theory. I will be mindful of my patient’s backgrounds, sensitive to their cultural beliefs and experiences, and be empathetic in my actions and interventions. I truly believe this theory will have a positive effect on my patients and help improve their health
Wondrak, R. (2004) Interpersonal Skills for Nurses and Health Care Professionals. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd
Positive relationships with both nurse and client is rewarding to both sides; however, there are essential elements needed to achieve a good nurse-client relationship. Multiple studies were analyzed by Hagerty and Patusky in “Reconceptualizing the Nurse-Patient Relationship” to determine the elements of linearity, trust, time, and role expectations within the nurse-client relationship. Linearity allows the relationship to act in “phases”, which provides efficient and quality care. By doing so, a nurse must establish trust, work with the client while progress continues, and when client is free to go home, the relationship comes to an end. During the orientation phase, trust must be established; as this provides the client comfort and confidence to provide valid information, and then receiving proper care. Effective use of time is vital to the relationship, though many nurses believe they do not have enough time to provide care due to the current health care pressures and time limitations. A study by Forchuck, then analyzed by Hagerty and Patusky, was conducted between 10 nurse-client relationships; Forchuck reports that 7 out of the 10 established a “working relationship” between nurse and client within 2.5 and 6 weeks. Regardless of time, many nurses are introduced to a client with the presumptions that the client wants to receive care and create a relationship, though the nurse expects nothing in return. “Heifner (1993) found that nurses identified vulnerability of patients as an essential foundation of nurses’ abilities to ‘connect’ with patients” (Hagerty and Patusky, 2003, 146). Despite nurses building a relationship upon vulnerability, Hewison discovers that control can actually create “barriers to open and meaningful communication and exchange” (2003). The data collected concludes the vital elements of linearity, trust, time, and role expectations stimulate a successful nurse-client
Therapeutic relationships are an essential part of nursing; they are the foundation of nursing (CNO, 2009). The National Competency Standard for Registered Nurses states that nurses are responsible for “establishing, sustaining and concluding professional relationships with individuals/groups.” Throughout this essay, the importance of forming therapeutic relationships will be explained. The process of building a therapeutic relationship begins prior to time of contact with a patient, the interpersonal skills of the nurse; then the process includes skills required by the nurse to communicate effectively, including respect, trust, non-judgment and empathy. The way to portray these skills can be via verbal or non-verbal cues that are important to understand how they influence a person.
A therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is outlined as a helping relationship grounded on shared respect, trust, the encouragement of having faith and hope in oneself and others, and emotional support (Pullen et al., 2010). In doing so, the nurse can establish complete satisfaction of the patients needs, whether it be physical, emotional or spiritual. This relationship produces when the patient and the nurse come together in harmony and peace (Pullen et al., 2010). Efficient verbal and nonverbal communication is an essential aspect of interaction between nurse and patient – in doing this, the patient feels on par with the nurse, as an equal, rather than having no indication of what procedures are taking place (Pullen et al., 2010).
The nurse must develop a trusting therapeutic relationship with the patient in order to act in the many roles of nursing.
Upon the first point of contact between a nurse and patient, the way a nurse communicates through words, gestures or facial expressions can affect the patient's perception of the nurse. Communicating professionally helps to portray the nurse in a good light. This is important as having a positive perception of the nurse's image and behaviour is crucial to building patient trust — one of the key elements of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship (Bell & Duffy, 2009; Wadell & Skarsater, 2007). The need for the establishment of therapeutic relationship is supported by th...
In the nurse-patient relationship, there are three phases that help the relationship develop. Craven and Hirnle (2009) describe the first phase, orientation, “consists of introductions and agreement between nurse and client about their mutual roles and responsibilities” (p. 329). It is in this orientation phase that first impressions are made a...
Every person’s needs must be recognized, respected, and filled if he or she must attain wholeness. The environment must attuned to that wholeness for healing to occur. Healing must be total or holistic if health must be restored or maintained. And a nurse-patient relationship is the very foundation of nursing (Conway et al 2011; Johnson, 2011). The Theory recognizes a person’s needs above all. It sets up the conducive environment to healing. It addresses and works on the restoration and maintenance of total health rather than only specific parts or aspect of the patient’s body or personality. And these are possible only through a positive healing relationship between the patient and the nurse (Conway et al, Johnson).
Relational Practice is being mindful of your own actions, environment, and situations. It goes beyond treating the disease and focuses on the patient as an individual with his or her own unique needs. In order to establish and maintain a concrete nurse-client relationship, nurses must utilize a wide range of effective communication and interpersonal skills. The ability to communicate effectively is an important skill that not only proves to be imperative as a nurse but also in everyday interactions. That said, for the purpose of this paper, I will evaluate an interaction I had with a close family friend, where he disclosed his history of alcohol abuse and how it affects him every day. I will discuss the style and skills that I fulfilled during
My journey to nursing began with my personal healthcare experience, and has continued to evolve since entering the nursing program at State University. My personal philosophy of nursing is related my life experience and my personal philosophy of life. Using reflection-on-action, I have begun to understand the influences that have lead me to nursing. I discovered client and family centered care to be an important quality when I look at the influential nurses in my life. To develop a positive therapeutic nurse-client relationship, nurses must integrate all 5 dimensions of the therapeutic nurse-client relationship into their practice (CNO, 2006). When it comes to providing client-centered care, the dimensions of trust, empathy and respect are particularly important (CNO, 2006). Illness can be a traumatic experience for patients and their families, and it is important to be empathetic to the patient’s needs, while still trusting the patient to be an expert in their illness and care.
70). I believe that the patient’s needs always take priority. A good nurse-patient relationship is important when taking care of patients. If a patient can trust the nurse taking care of him or her and they have a good rapport, the patient’s experience will be positive. Peplau’s theory is considered to be an interaction theory, an interaction theory, “revolve[s] around the relationships nurses form with patients” (Colley, 2003, p. 34). I believe that if a nurse does not have a good rapport with the patient, he or she will not be able to heal adequality. The patient might focus more on him or her not getting along with the nurse and thinking that the nurse does not care, then taking the time to make sure that he or she is healing properly. The patient may not ask for pain medication when they are in pain because he or she does not want to deal with the nurse. The environment also has a lot to do with the patient feeling better and healing
Literature Critique This literature critique reviews Catherine McCabe’s article, Nurse-patient communication: an exploration of patients’ experiences (McCabe, 2002). She has obtained many degrees related to health care (Registered General Nurse, Bachelor of Nursing Science, Registered Nurse Teacher, and Master Level Nursing). She has many years of experience and is currently teaching at Trinity Center for Health Sciences. As stated in the title, this study will review the patient’s interactions with nurses in relation to their communication. This study used a qualitative approach, as stated within the article, by viewing the life experiences of the participants.
Therapeutic relationship is well-defined as the process of interrelating, that concentration on advancing the physical and emotional comfort of a patient. Nurses use therapeutic practices to provide support and evidence to patients. It may be compulsory to use a variation of techniques to achieve nursing goals in collaborating with a patient. By discovering the reluctance of the patient to study, as well as the opinions and beliefs of the client and their family, the nurse work together with the client to discoveraexplanation. The...
The purpose of Pepau’s theory of interpersonal relationships in nursing is to focus on nurse-patient relationship and identify different roles nurse take when caring for patient. Consensus exist that theories are made up of ideas called concept and statement about...
Peplau published her Theory of Interpersonal Relations in 1952, and in 1968, interpersonal techniques became the crux of psychiatric nursing. The Theory of Interpersonal Relations is a middle-range descriptive classification theory. According to (Senn, 2013, p. 31), middle-range theories focus on a portion of reality or human experience, involving a selected number of concepts. Peplau’s theory was influenced by Henry Stack Sullivan, Percival Symonds, Abraham Maslow, and Neal Elger Miller.