envisages the creation of a computer software application which enables a user to identify the shortest route between two given stations on the London Underground system. The application itself, is to be written in the Ruby scripting language and the schema of the Underground is to be stored on a MySQL database. In order to be effective, the application would provide an implementation of Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm . An initial prototype of the application would be a console based application i
designing the product architecture and while doing the actual coding. I believe through all this I have acquired an ideal mix of a strong foundation in security as well as practical knowledge, which will help me bring my own unique angle to solving problems. Pursuing a master’s degree in computer science at UTCS will allow me to more fully develop my knowledge in these areas and contribute my own bit to the ongoing research. ... ... middle of paper ... ...ests organized in our college. I believe
99 Cent Only Business Strategy v. The Competition David Gold, founder and CEO says the 99 Cent strategy is “to create the shortest path possible between the customer and the sale” (Rae-Dupree, 2004). This is important in deep discount retail in order to purchase close-out and other special-situation merchandise at prices substantially below wholesale that sell at prices significantly below regular retail (Symplicity, 2005). Over the past two years, the company has suffered a $17.00/share loss on
0.1 abstract In a graph theory the shortest path problem is nding a minimum path and distance between two vertices.The ap- plication in many areas of shortest path algorithms are such as geographical rout- ing, transportation, computer vision and VLSI design involve solving optimiza- tion problems on large planar graphs. To calculate the shortest path we need to know some algorithms like Kruskal's algorithm,Prim's algorithm,Dijkstra's algorithm,BellmanFord's algorithm. These algorithms have some
such as manufactures , telecommunications , transportation and energy. The linear programming has proved its usefulness in modelling various types of problems in routing, scheduling, planning, design and assignment. The linear programming techniques will help the Mini factory improve their production by allowing the linear program to identify the problems and then through the application of scientific approach solve it. The linear program can help the mini factory re-evaluate their basic plan into a
The network is often defined by a graph G(V,E) . Multicast routing protocols are been used in practical systems such as multicast backbone(M bone).M bone chooses the shortest path to each destination using the IP routing mechanism.Multicast routing in ATM Switch performs two basic functions such as switch and queuing. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION: ATM NETWORK ATM Network can be modeled by an connected graph G(V,E).The performance of the multicast routing in a system can be measured by following criteria
An Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is the most used interior gateway protocol and computation intensive protocol where energy consumption in Internet Protocol (IP) networks is the main concern. The energy in an IP network can be saved by allowing a subset of IP router interfaces on sleep mode setting during the low traffic hours through the model of “move” by dint of an Energy Aware Routing (EAR) strategy, which is completely compatible with OSPF and is based on the “Shortest Path Tree (SPT)
decentralised self-organised systems. As an example an ant colony foraging in which all agents (ants) interact as a self-organised system knowing their individual roles. Individually ants are unable to solve complex problems which they may face whereas colonies collectively can solve complex problems such as identifying the nearest source of food. Swarm intelligence results in actions that are coordinated without any coordinator or external controller. Natural systems exhibiting swarm intelligence is a colony
results and discussion of the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP). The travelling Salesperson travels from University Of Pretoria (UP) and has to travel to four possible locations using the shortest path. BFS and DFS will be used and compared according to efficiency of each for the Salesperson to reach his goal in the most optimal manner. The goal-state allows the Salesperson to visit all of the locations below and return to UP with the most optimal path. The following locations have to be visited: •
such example is Multicast extension for Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) and Adaptive Demand- Driven Multicast Routing protocol (ADMR). The second type is mesh-based multicast protocol. Mesh-based multicast routing protocols are more than one path may exist between a source destination pair, Core-Assisted Mesh Protocol (CAMP) and On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) are an example for these type of classification[9]. One approach to multicast is to maintain a multicast tree in straight
3.6 The Viterbi Algorithm (HMM) The Viterbi algorithm analyzes English text. Probabilities are assigned to each word in the context of the sentence. A Hidden Markov Model for English syntax is used in which the probability of the word is dependent on the previous word or words. The probability of word or words followed by a word in the sentence the probability is calculated for bi-gram, tri-gram and 4-gram.Depending on the length of the sentence the probability is calculated for n-grams [1]. 3
OSI model, which shares topology information between routers. Although there are many types of routing protocols, three major classes are use on IP networks: • Interior gateway routing via link state routing protocols • Interior gateway routing via path vector or distance vector protocols • Exterior gateway routing is the routing protocol used by the public Internet. The specific characteristics of routing protocols include • the manner in which they either prevent routing loops • the manner in which
solving of The Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem, to the classic four color theorem, and finally to the current focuses on applications within the realm of computer and data science. With all of these uses, it is certainly clear that graph theory is a subject of modern mathematics that is here to stay. Not only are there enormous applications to a large number of fields, but graph theory does a tremendous job of modeling, explaining, and solving real world problems.
Figure-1.3 illustrates the functional block diagram of a Genetic Algorithm. It is assumed that the potential solution to the problem may be represented through a set of parameters. These parameters are joined together and to form a string of values (known as the chromosome). The particular values in the genes represent are called its alleles .In the chromosome the position of the
highway traffic environment, the communication is comparatively simpler and straight forward. But in city traffic environment It become quite complex as compare to highway traffic environment. 1.2 Challenges of VANET [6, 7]: Hidden terminal problem- This problem may occurs when two or more objects sends packets, these packets are not within the direct transmission range of each other. Collide at the common receiver node. Error prone shared ratio- In VANET, during propagation the radio wave go through
designers are able to generate better designs saving time and money. Conventional optimization approaches like mathematical programming method, optimality criteria method etc. fails miserably in structural design problems which are highly complex and time consuming in nature. Optimization problems are mathematical models formulated to solve complex designs that may be of multi-objective nature in certain cases. Structural design procedure involves conceptual design and design realization leading to several
of plea bargaining in this country is completely ignored: coercive bargaining, also known as overcharging. The main criticism of plea bargaining is not, as the text concludes, the perception that it is too lenient. On the contrary, the principal problem with the prevalence of plea bargaining is that it has become a mechanism for leveraging a guilty plea for charges that the state would be unlikely to successfully prove at trial. According to Justice Antonin Scalia, the prevalence of plea bargaining
the maze. Before any program was written however, the team spend time evaluating different suggestions on how to approach the problem. Each of these solutions presented benefits and drawbacks, and these were each assessed before decidin... ... middle of paper ... ...is project was not completed in its entirety as a whole, but rather broken down into components of problem solving. The team first evaluated the goal of the project, and spent time discussing the benefits and drawbacks of each of the
solve computational problems, and exploring a natural process as computational models. The idea is to encode data in DNA strands and use tools to solve a difficult computational problems. First DNA Computation The first DNA computing that has ever been created was occur in 1994 by Leonard Adleman, he performed the computation using strands of DNA. Leonard Adleman implement his DNA computation to solve Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP) using brute-force algorithm. HPP is one of problem in the study of
organization. Problems in the organization arises when the resources are not allocated properly. It is either due to over-allocation or under-allocation, it brings about a financial risk to the organization. Elements: The main purpose of resource leveling is to allocate resources efficiently, in order to finish the project in the It represents both the longest and shortest time duration paths in the network diagram to finish the project. • Fast tracking - This performs tasks of critical path. The noticeable