of Constantine is a forged document written by Pope Stephen II. It was created during a time in which the papacy was recognizing the growing power of Pepin, King of the Franks, and realizing the ever growing reduction in influence the papacy had beyond the church. It is important to note that Pepin was father to the later King Charlemagne who exemplifies greatly the type of brutality their lineage ruled with. The papacy, more importantly Pope Stephen II, recognized King Pepin was a powerful force,
In the two years of 755 and 756, Pope Stephen II, inside of what is now known as Italy, was found to be under violent and malicious attack by King Aistulf of the Lombards. Because of this, Pope Stephen II wrote a series of letters to King Pippin III that begged for immediate aid to bring an end to that attack. This series of letters later became known as Letters to King Pippin III. In these letters, Pope Stephen II described horrible interactions between the Lombards and those within the town, and
During his extraordinarily and eventful long reign, Pio Nono laid the ground work for the modern day papacy. He was the longest serving Pope to date with a reign of thirty one years. When his sovereignty was lost, his supporters rallied around him which resulted in the Papacy becoming more centralized within Rome. He was known as a politically conservative Pope who was adverse to the modern ideas, although he was also a reformer and innovator within the Catholic Church. The end of his reign sees
Michelangelo is a prodigy. He left various kinds of artwork: paintings, sculptures, architectures and so on. Giorgio Vasari repeats a word “divine” in his writing “the Life of the Michelangelo” in order to describe Michelangelo’s artistic talent. As he praises Michelangelo by using the word “divine”, Michelangelo’s art works and techniques surely transcend human natures. Michelangelo’s attitude toward art was industrious and determined but stubborn and grumpy, which came from his childishness. However
Michelangelo was an Italian-born artist in 1488. Not too long after his birth, he was apprenticed to Ghirlandaio for three years, where Michelangelo learned elements of fresco technique and produced replicas of past Florentine masters. By the age of 16, Michelangelo was already producing his own style of art that were shown in his two relief sculptures. The following years after the death of Lorenzo de’ Medici in 1492, Michelangelo traveled and created more artwork. Some of the artworks produced
Raphael Sanzio was born on April 6, 1843 in the town of Urbino, Italy. He was a painter during the high Renaissance period. His artwork commonly organized into three phases, his early career, the Florentine Period, and his final years in which he produced his best work. Raphael’s family was full of artists. His father was a court painter to the Duke of Urbino, Federico Iii da Montefeltro. Raphael’s mother died when he was eight years old. His father died when he was eleven. When Raphael was 16,
reclusive lifestyle. Most people find him to be an extremely difficult person, due partially to his lack of concern for anyone but himself, and to his undaunted stubborn nature. The one man with whom he will despise and contend with all his life was Pope Julius II; he is also the man who commissions him to paint the ceiling. Ross King's purpose in writing this book is to detail Michelangelo's magnificent struggle with personal, political, and artistic difficulties during the painting of the Sistine ceiling
Sistine Chapel. Most, if not all, of the work was done solely by Michelangelo, with little help from others. He had a few workers but Michelangelo always had an eye on everything they were doing. When he finished the first half of the Sistine Chapel the Pope demanded to see it and fell in love immediately with the work Michelangelo had done. Another year past and the second part of the ceiling was finally complete and on the morning of All Saint’s Day 1512 it was unveiled to the public. Michelangelo died
A World Lit Only By Fire by William Manchester is not only informative of the conflicts that occurred in Europe, but it is humorous and includes perspectives and anecdotes that are not viewed as impartial. It is structured into three separate sections: The Medieval Mind, The Shattering and One Man Alone. The first section effectively talks about the substantial events that occurred in the year 500; this includes the fall of the Roman Empire and the reasons that lie behind its fall. Manchester continues
A philosopher puts a microscope to the nature of the world. Niccolò Machiavelli was a philosopher and the essence of his posthumous discourse The Prince revolves around the nature of princes and their education. This is why the core of his teaching is that a prince should ruthlessly acquire and maintain power by using fear, his own arms, and a strategic combination of vice and virtue instead of fortune. Cesare Borgia, an armed non-prophet, used fear and his own armed forces to successfully maintain
Twin themes occurred in Roman history known as renovatio imperrii and renovatio Romae that brought about much change and the popes throughout this period of time made sure they were a part of the changes being brought about. During this time we see papal propaganda beginning to take place while the popes such as Julius II, Leo X, Paul III, Sixtus V, and Paul V try to exhibit their power. The Renaissance was very important for Rome, and the renovatio imperrii as well as the renovatio Romae had great
Between 1509 and 1510, Raphael Sanzio da Urbino constructed a fresco masterpiece designed for the Vatican entitled The School of Athens. The painting itself represents different branches of knowledge such as philosophy, theology, and also literature. Most people consider The School of Athens a masterpiece by Raphael and the epitome of High Renaissance. My thesis statement for this paper is to ask and figure out why Raphael painted such a beautiful object and I also am going to research why Michelangelo
Stephen Stachofsky Mrs. Baum Catholic Social Teaching 03/5/13 Political Responsibility Politics: it is what keeps the world running. With the world’s modern politics, Catholics, as Catholics, have a special obligation of practicing political responsibility, The CCC, Catechism of the Catholic Church, says “Catholics have a moral obligation to promote the common good through the exercise of their voting privileges” (CCC 2240) this includes having a well formed conscience, intricate knowledge of the
Raging to be king, William would do whatever it took to be the King of England. William would go into war and kill other men to have the superior power. William’s army killed Harold, William’s enemy, so that he would be king. After Harold was dead, this left the throne wide open for William. By the end of his life, William had conquered the thing he wanted most, to be king. In 1035, William became heir due to the death of his father. William was born in around the year of 1028 in Falaise, Normandy
Michelangelo was originally commissioned to paint the Twelve Apostles on the triangular corner that supported the Sistine Chapel’s ceiling. He was also supposed to cover the central part of the ceiling with type of ornament. Michelangelo persuaded the Pope to give him a free hand and proposed a different and more complicated scheme, representing the Creation, The Fall of Man, The Promise of Salvation through the Prophets, and the Genealogy of Christ. Michelangelo became one of the most famous artists
as a warning to Florentines that whoever governed Florence should govern justly and defend it bravely. The David illustrates the Renaissance’s sense of force strengthened by intelligence. When it came time to paint the Sistine Chapel’s ceiling, Pope Julius II was adamant that no other than Michelangelo would be the one to do it. People were confused as to why he was painting if he was sculptor because prior to the ceiling frescoes, the only painting he’d done was as a brief student in Ghirlandaio’s
as Michelangelo and Leonardo Da’ Vinci. His short lived life left a large body of elegant work. The School of Athens is one of the most famous frescoes of the Renaissance. The work was created between 1509 and 1510. Raphael was commissioned by Pope Julius II and decorated the Vatican. It depicts ideas of secularism, humanism, and individualism through the careful construction of the background, focus on detail, and choice of content. It gathers great philosophers of the classic era. The philosophers
Michelangelo de Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, more commonly known as Michelangelo Buonarroti or just Michelangelo, was an amazing artist, sculptor, and architect. He even wrote many poems, making an excellent example of a Renaissance man. A Renaissance man is someone who is talented at many things. Painting around 21 artworks and creating over 30 statues, Michelangelo basically dedicated his life to art. He was known as one of the greatest artists of the Renaissance period. On March 6, 1475, Michelangelo
Saint Francis of Assisi (1181-1226) and Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153) though they were not Contemporaries and were born into different countries and both had very different approaches in their responses to God's call. However, each are credited with the rebuilding of Christ's church on a large scale. Saint Francis was born in Italy to a wealthy family of silk merchants almost thirty years after Saint Bernard's death. Saint Bernard was born into a family of nobility in Burgundy, France both
They were rumored to have committed every sin and vice under the sun. Many in their time period believed that they were mass poisoners. Yet at the same time, their sins paralleled those of most the nobility and royalty of that age, including previous popes. The Borgia’s presided over some of the most important events of the times; the Bonfire of the Vanities, the Spanish inquisition, the expulsion of the Jews from Spain, the Italian Wars, and, Treaty of Tordesillas. They can also be traced to the beginnings