The third reason for privatisation was to develop resourcefully working markets. Welfare economics (Ofcom, 2011) argues that efficiency is achieved during a competitive market, so if competition is promoted then privatisation can be vital to efficiency effects. "Liberalisation and deregulation should be possible in order to have an efficient private sector and the cause for this is due to the initially nationalised enterprises are frequently monopolies," (Affuso, 2009, p. 222). So one can assume
following section is a review of literature about managerial decisions in relation to competitive school marketization in the US. Clearly, marketization, a concept that involves the rearrangement, remodeling, and alteration of the publicly-owned organizations or enterprises into the market-based entities, remains to be a collective occurrence, particularly in the present century. Through marketization, popular learning institutions in the US have been changed from being possessed by the government to
192). Therefore, the main caveat which Apple (2001) raises in his article and warns about relates to the possible future marketization of teacher education, when the teachers ' qualification and teaching aptitude will be evaluated according to the results of the students ' on international testings, as opposed to their professional experience and knowledge. Cochran-Smith (2008)
Introduction The purpose of this report is to discuss the underlining issues in education formulated through neoliberal concepts. Neoliberalism is embedded into Australian culture through social, economic and political policies. It is a concept, which creates a classed based division in society. It achieves this through economic and political policies that fund big corporations and disempower the working class (Martin Eigenberger, 2011). Neoliberal ideologies typically operate to achieve measured
The purpose of peace building is to create conditions for a stable and lasting peace and to prevent the recurrence of large-scale violence in a post-civil war environment. Roland Paris's thesis in At War's End is effectively his claim that the Institutionalization Before Liberalization (IBL) strategy is the only effective way to support a society coming out of civil war, so as to avoid the destabilizing effects of liberalization, and that certain conditions are critical to its success. These particular
addition, there are many factors that can affect educational achievement outside of the classroom, such as problems at home. Educational policies can only help to improve educational experiences within school, and are not always successful (e.g. Marketization of education).
reorganization. The second group underlines the role of markets and competition. The new public management can be seen as a process of transition from an extreme, mostly managerialist, to another extreme, based purely on capitalization that is, marketization and competition. The advocates of the new public management argue the idea that the difference between the management of the public sector and that of the private sector will disa... ... middle of paper ... ... through a merit system designed
In the post-Mao period, China has experienced an economic miracle, growing from an underdeveloped, mainly agrarian country into an industrial world power. Though this growth is remarkable, it has left many Chinese citizens behind. The Zhang family, depicted in the film Last Train Home, are among this group; the migrant worker parents struggle to provide for the family, failing to reap benefits from the economic boom. Thus, the family demonstrates the failure of modern China to follow through on the
departments assess the needs of the local population and then purchase the necessary services from 'providers'. To become 'providers' in the internal market, health organizations became NHS trusts, competing with each other. NEEDS EDITING AS ITS COPIED Marketization was a process
In the eyes of those who matter the CCP remains a legitimate government. Before Deng Xiaoping’s economic reforms, the workers and peasants were seen as the two most important groups in the Chinese social apparatus. However, as China’s middle class grows and develops, the former two groups have become less important to the prosperity of China. As such, the middle class’s environmental grievances are heard and acted upon while the workers’ employment issues and the peasants’ land theft and corruption
The medical model was developed for the practice of medicine, many of its characteristics are being used in different health disciplines (Kielhofner, 2009, p. 235). Including the Occupational therapy profession. As a client-centered profession, it is vital to learn all you can about your clients. However, before an individual becomes a client to an OT. He/ she was a patient. As the word client and patient are used interchangeably, it is important to know the differences between the words. It is apparent
1) Contrast Chinas “rule by law” with democratic “rule of law”. The principle of rule of law is traditionally associated with liberal democratic ideals. It implies a particular relationship between individuals and the state, the essence of which is protection of individual rights by limitations on arbitrary state power. Such limitations are enshrined in the law and in legal institutions. This notion makes no sense in traditional communist ideology: law is a weapon of the state to use in exercising
Education Reform in China In order to realize the Four Modernization of Industry, Agriculture, Science and Technology, and National Defense Modernization, China began its economic system reform in 1978. The reform was referred to as marketization, commodification, and socialization. From then on, the market-oriented system has been gradually established to replace the planned economic system, which was adopted for several decades (Information China, 1989: 468), and “the economy has grown at an
Literature Review Since the 1980s, Australia has seen some of the most significant social and political change in its history. In these past decades, liberalism and marketization have swept through the country, heralding an era of neoliberalism. As neoliberalism has proliferated through Australian society, once public institutions are now becoming corporatized, with the education system no exception. In the late 1980s, the Hawke government’s economic reform impacted education greatly, with universities
against her body in the fight to become a survivor and cancer free. This normalization has reached to a point where it can be seen in marketing products. We all have seen either in a store or in a form of media the types of commercialization and marketization that cancer has become, especially in women. Companies have joined the production of the pink ribbon campaign by plastering pink colours
and employment. These reforms were designed to reduce public spending and downsize the scope of government, to a centralized and hierarchical public agency. Ultimately, the goal was greater efficiency and cultivation of new management practices, marketization and global outsourcing to private entities. In practice, bureaucracy reforms lead to patchy results and issues with regulatory capacity, quality and access. There were also concerns of failure to foreground the needs of citizens as the primary
The desire to expand and improve existing resources is not a new phenomenon within higher education, (Hossler, 2004) but is one that has begun to gain attention as institutions increasingly adopt enrollment management (EM) practices. EM is both an organizational concept merged with associated practices that help institutions exercise control over the characteristics of their student bodies (Hossler & Bean, 1990; Hossler, 2004; Kraatz, Ventresca, & Deng, 2010). EM is a controversial trend with varying
The topic is yet to decided (Addressing the ethical problem stopping the auto-driving car from marketization) Safe driving has always been a social problem. People always have the chance to encounter accidents in their lives. For those worried about these problems, they put forward the concept of driving a car computer. In the past ten years, people have been striving to achieve this goal. More and more people are paying attention to the topic of automatic driving. It has also triggered many discussions
Lobster Integrated Enterprise Marketing Modern agriculture is a form of agriculture since the industrial revolution, and it is gradually moving towards commercialization and marketization. Agricultural comprehensive enterprise refers to the profit-making enterprise engaged in the production, processing, management and other activities of agricultural products. As is known to all, the process, system and technology have great influence on marketing. Lobster as a delicious and nutritious agricultural
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATON REFORM: FROM TRADITIONAL TO NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT HISTORY OF NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT The new public management (NPM) movement started to develop in the late 70s and early 80s. The United Kingdom was the first mover. They were reformed by the Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and communal governments in the United States which faced the predicament of recessive developments and tax revolts of their citizens. Other common wealth nations such as New Zealand and Australia joined and