Ketamine Hydrochloride is an anethetic developed in 1962 by Dr Calvin Stevens. In the 1960's and 1970's, it was used on the battlefields of the Vietnam War. It had a strong painkilling effect, that did not affect the patients breathing. It's currently used as a human anesthetic and in veterinary medicine, most commonly used on horses. In its illegal form, ketmine is used to get high or even used for drink spiking. When illegally sold, Ketamine is usually a white powder, but can be made into a pill
Jeremy Laurance’s article “Ketamine: a cure for depression?” published in The Independent in October 2012, sanctions the use of a drug of abuse called ketamine for the treatment of depression. The author supports this theory by stating a study completed by Robert Dunman, a professor of Psychiatry and Neurobiology at Yale University School of Medicine in Boston. The following paragraph will summarise the main points of the article and discuss the evidence used by the author. At the beginning of the
the percentage of responders during this period ranges from 30 to 60 % (Trivedi et al, 2006 ref). More recently, ketamine showed a rapid onset and sustained antidepressant activity, a turning point that can revolutionize antidepressant therapeutic strategies and outcome. This article will evaluate the efficacy of ketamine versus standard antidepressants and will highlight on ketamine potential as a prototype for new rapid acting antidepressant generation. In the early 20th century, depression
Ketamine: An Escape From Reality Ever since I was little, people have warned me about the horrible effects that illegal drugs have on your life. My generation has been taught to think of mind altering drugs in a very negative light yet many people still take these drugs. The general reason that people give to explain this is that the drugs feel good. This seems like a very vague response especially since we have been taught that the negative effects outweigh the bad. Why does it feel good and
WILL PHUQ - 'KETAMINE-RELATED: THE ARYLCYCLOHEXYLAMINES' Ketamine numbers many relatives in the arylcyclohexylamine class (of which it is itself a member), although not all are dissociative in effect, or indeed pharmacologically active. Arylcyclohexylamines are useful tools for chemists and pharmacologists, due to their application in research on NMDA receptors, dopamine reuptake inhibitors, and opioid receptors. Other (unrelated) chemical classes with dissociative effect include Adamantane/ memantine
compound that is similar to serotonin and the effects produced disrupt the normal functioning of the brain system. The most common hallucinogen is LSD. This is a synthetic compound that is manufactured anywhere. Other hallucinogens are MDMA, PCP, Ketamine and DXM. These can mimic neurotransnitters in...
Phencyclidine: The Dawn of a New Age April, 1956 : The pharmaceutical company Parke & Davis first synthesize what they believe to be the perfect anesthetic (Souza, 1995). When administered to patients, it causes a completely dissociative state, with no significant respiratory or cardiovascular depression. Patients appear to be awake, eyes open, breathing normally.but are unaware of their surroundings or the procedures being performed upon them (Souza, 1995). Indeed, this is the perfect drug. Unfortunately
PCP:PCP and its Affects on the Human Body PCP or Phencyclidine is a very deadly drug in today’s society. PCP was developed in the 1950’s as an anesthetic. Use of PCP in humans was discontinued in 1965, because it was found that patients often became agitated, delusional, and irrational while recovering from its effects. PCP is illegally manufactured in laboratories and is sold on the street by such names as “diabolic” “wet” and “digital”. The variety of street names for PCP reflects its bizarre and
Near Death Experiences is a controversial phenomenon that has been debated among researchers, physicians, and the general public. The debate is whether or not what people think they experience is real or if it can to be explained by science. There are twelve characteristics of these experiences that are frequently experienced across the board including out of body experiences which lead to the questions: Does the conscious require the brain, or is it a separate entity that can exist and function
allocated randomly to receive ketamine 3 mg kg-1 nasally (group IN3) or ketamine 9 mg kg-1 nasally (group IN9); ketamine 9 mg kg-1 rectally (group IR9); or ketamine 3 mg kg-1
Antidepressant drugs and behavioral therapies have been used to treat depression, but have failed to help people whom are resilient to the current treatment. The illegal party drug, ketamine, contains properties that can help alleviate depression and help people that have resilient characteristics. What worries many people to use ketamine as alternative method to help those who are not affected by the standard methods are how people currently abuse the drug. It creates a rising public health concern that there
be told what to think and what to do by another person. Ketamine Hydrochloride (“K”, “Special K”, “Ket”, “Vitamin K”, “Cat Tranquilizer”) Ketamine is one of the lesser-known club drugs around today, and gets far less media coverage than other more common drugs. It has been used as a veterinary and medical anesthetic since 1965, and was known for producing a fairly safe, if unusual, anesthesia in patients. It was only in 1999 that Ketamine became a controlled substance in the United States, after
few ways that you can keep yourself from turning into a casualty. There are a wide range of sorts of theories medications that are found in the public arena today. The three most regular medications are Rohypnol, Gamma Hydroxybutyric (GHB) and Ketamine. Rohypnol is the exchange name for Flunitrazepam, a medication that goes about as a soothing, muscle relaxant, sleep inducing, and upper. While Flunitrazepam is called Rohypnol
Everyday people are peer pressured and influenced into multiple unhealthy behaviors. Acts such smoking, alcoholism, and unprotected intercourse are frequent issues in any lifestyle. Friends, family, and especially the media have a way of twisting a person’s mindset into believing these unhealthy choices are safe. Currently, the most reoccurring phenomenon is issues with drugs. More often than not, there are reports on people misusing and abusing drugs, particularly celebrities and athletes. Typically
Ketamine is an easier drug to research because it is not necessarily a schedule 1 so a lot more research has been done with this drug. It is evident based on these studies that psychedelic drugs may play a huge role in the mental health field. Patients have
Although America and the rest of the world have progressed in medical science and technology, it seems that many medical conditions are becoming more prevalent in the general population. According to the CDC, mental illnesses have progressed to an all-time high, and over 25% of the American population is affected on an annual basis. Some of these instances are easily treatable and a part of life such as dealing with grief from the loss of a loved one; some may be much more deeply rooted and have
“Most sexual assaults are committed by an acquaintance or date. Approximately 75% of all rapes are date or acquaintance rapes. Most of these crimes either go unrecognized, unreported, unsolved, or unproven” (“The Hard Facts). Date rape is a terrible event and can happen in several ways, but it can be prevented. It can happen when someone is forced to have sex without consent on a date or at a party or when the attacker uses any type of abuse drugs in order to “spike” the victim’s drink and then
or acid is one of the most common, well-known hallucinogens. Psilocin or Psilocybin mushrooms, Mescaline or Peyote, MDMA, Bufotenine, Morning Glory seeds, Jimson weed, PCP and DMT are less common psychedelics with effects similar to LSD. PCP and Ketamine are drugs with hallucinogenic properties. Some drugs, such as cannabis, can cause hallucinogen-like effects when used in high doses or in certain ways. Using hallucinogens is often called tripping. In its pure form LSD is a white, odorless powder
What is Gas Chromatography? Gas Chromatography also known as vapor-phase chromatography (VPC), or gas–liquid partition chromatography (GLPC) is most widely used analytical technique in the world; it is used for the separating and analysing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposing. Among its uses are being able to test the purity of a substance, being able to separate different components in a mixture and help in environmental contaminant identification . This can lead to GC being able
Sexual violence has significant long-term consequences for women’s role in society. Survivors of sexual violence tend to experience long term and short term emotional, physical, psychological, and reproductive health problems. Thousands of women are being sexually abused every year by both people they know and don’t know, with the help of date rape drugs, on college campuses, and even in domestic relationships. In America, there are around 321,500 victims of sexual abuse, and every 98 seconds an