Iris Marion Young’s chapter is critical. It exposed light on how policy makers should look at re-examining the current policy on pregnant addicts through three different approaches: punishment, treatment, and empowerment. The punishment approach is not effective because it presents a notion of “an eye for an eye.” Punishments are harsher on pregnant women of color and poor women. Women are being charged with drug abuse and/or neglect for using drugs while pregnant. In addition, child(ren) can be
society mostly because they are unable to provide for themselves are then in need of support. Then they are looked down upon by doing so because they are relying on someone else’s help which in turn makes society look down on them even more so. As Young says, “Dependency thus implies in this society…a sufficient condition to suspend rights to privacy, respect, and individual choice” (Cahn 594). These people that must depend on others, including the government, for so much that they cannot afford for
I argue that Iris Marion Young’s ideas about responsibility for justice, applied to questions about child welfare, can be used to devise a system that provides for children who are abused and neglected. Foster children in America are rarely talked about by politicians, despite relying on government programs for their survival. Because they are children, they don’t have the resources to create organizations and lobby politicians for better aid. This means that we all have a responsibility to do these
To further strengthen Iris Marion Young and Pamela Fishman’s ideas regarding the tendency of most men to interrupt women during verbal discussions, I conducted a week-long study (from December 9 to December 14, 2013) in my six other classes (namely Theology 121, Leadership and Strategies 10, Economics 102, Accounting 30, Filipino 14, and Law 22), which consist of mixed male and female pupils. Before starting the experiment, I considered a few questions that I wanted to answer: Would males recite
issues. I think this wholesale framing of considerations of environmental justice solely in terms of distribution is seriously flawed. Drawing on both ecofeminist insights into the inextricable interconnections between institutions of domination and Iris Young’s work on the inadequacy of distributive models of social justice, I argue for the twofold claim that a distributive model of environmental justice is inadequate and that what is needed is an additional nondistributive model to supplement, complement
However, I find my argument compelling. A philosopher who might particularly challenge my argument is Iris Marion Young. Iris Marion Young’s writing, “Political Responsibility and Structural Injustice”, may be specifically used as a counter argument. In her writing, Young discusses how citizens of a society should understand their responsibilities to approach injustices. In her counter argument, Young may argue that political responsibility is more than just abiding by moral expectations, following
Jorge Segura What does it mean to be a woman? This analysis will define a woman based on the writings by three different authors, Simone De Beauvoir, Iris Marion Young, and Judith Butler. This analysis will also highlight different ideas proposed by the authors about the position of women in society, their morphology, and their intellect. In her book The Second Sex Simone De Beauvoir defines woman to be the Other. The Other that is always measured against man who is the positive and in essence
As you know, I was assigned to service learn at the Faithful Fools. Before this service learning requirement, and before Carmen had come into class to discuss a little bit about the organization, I had never heard of this the Faithful Fools before. But since then I have learned that Faithful Fools is a San Francisco based, Tenderloin neighborhood, street ministry organization. The Fools are focused on community, community building and the humanity of all people. An important phrase for the Fools
further. Throughout the semester, we have talked about many different authors’ views and opinions on what representation is in a democracy. Joseph Schumpeter believes in minimalist democrats and that voting does not result in representation. Iris Marion Young talks about inclusive democrats, where the representative institutions should be designed to ensure equal participation of social groups. John Stuart Mill expresses the idea of representative democrats, where representation is considered to
W.E.B. Du Bois and Iris Marion Young were prominent political theorists at the forefront of their respective political eras. Central to Dubois’ definition of freedom was the belief that freedom was the elimination of societal suppressors, including white elites and institutional racism. Young, on the other hand, lists five faces of oppression that threaten one’s ability to realize true freedom. Both present persuasive views on freedom, but Du Bois’ argument is stronger, because of its solution driven
In this essay, I will give an overview of Iris Marion Young’s Throwing Like a Girl and by using the examples provided by Young, set out the main argument of her essay. Then I will explain the application of Young’s ideas with Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of embodiment followed by explaining the difference between her ideas and Simone de Beauvoir’s rejection of a “feminine essence.” Lastly, I will give reasons in favor of Young’s position. Young argues that that “throwing like a girl” has no relation
men, can project identities and ideas of how they should behave. Because of such socialization, women’s identities have developed relational to the man and this strict characterization has led to problematic ideas of feminity and bodily autonomy (Young 138). Such limits inhibit them through a patriarchal lens and have become adopted principles for men and women, alike. But, when
In the concluding paragraph of “Is Male Gender Identity the Cause of Male Domination?”1, Iris Marion Young remarks, “…gender theory can be an enormous aid in consciousness raising about contemporary masculine ideologies, by showing some of the sources of their misogyny.” (Young, 34) Thus, to trace the cause of male domination and raise consciousness one must also look at the flip side of the coin, vis-à-vis what the masculinity studies have to say about the causes of male domination. The ground work
English, 1999. Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself. 1845, The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2003. 2032-2097. Young, Iris Marion. "Five Faces of Oppression." Readings for Diversity and Social Justice. Ed. Adams, M., et. Al. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Iris Marion Young’s essay “Throwing Like a Girl” examines the unique causes and characteristics of feminine bodily comportment. This examination requires Young to create her own applicable definition of femininity using the elements of Simone de Beauvoir’s theory of feminism and Merleau-Ponty’s theory of phenomenology that she agrees with. However, she must also alter and discard the elements of their theories that she disagrees with. The resulting definition of femininity includes both the societal
plays the central role in Iris Marion Young’s work on strength and the concept of feminine bodily behaviour. In her 1977 essay Throwing Like A Girl, Young looks at the differences between ‘femininity’ and ‘masculinity’ in a physical context and a gendered embodied phenomenological perspective. Phenomenology is the study of consciousness from a first person perspective based on the subjective experience of embodiment (Merleau-Ponty 1945, cited in Young 1990, p. 39). Young (1990, p. 29,31) studied theories
Dustin Hoffman is the lead star in the 1982 movie "Tootsie". Where he plays as an unemployed actor, who crossed-dress to play a title female role "Dorothy Michaels" in a soap opera. Dorothy is a conservative woman who never tolerates prejudice and discrimination against women. Tootsiee exemplifies sexism in the society. Women have been experiencing gender stratification, which is hard to modify. Nevertheless, society expects highly of women to be perfect, in able to survive in a patriarchal society
lectures on oppression and reading, “Five Faces of Oppression” by Iris Marion Young explain oppression starting from the 1960s social movements. First, we learn who are expressed, which tends to be minorities such as “women, Blacks, Chicanos, Puerto Ricans and other Spanish-speaking Americans, American Indians, Jews, lesbians and gay men, Arabs, Asian, old people, working-class people, and the physically and mentally disabled,”(35). Young then explains the complexity of oppression, how each group faces
As discussed above, scholars’ attitudes towards self-determination correlate with their understanding about the link between self-determination and democracy. Intrinsically linked with the idea of democracy, self-determination was to correct the arbitrariness and injustices of dynastic rule. In theory, self-determination could be said to refer to the practice by which individuals freely express their political will by choosing their own government and, at this stage, a reference to nationalism appears
an on-going life course. Gender, race, love, family are just some of the many aspects that go into making you, you. We ask this question often, and in reality, the answer is right there in front of us. Our family and parents help us grow up into young individuals searching for the next step in our future. Gender determines how we go about our daily endeavors. And lastly, love brings us closer to an individual that will help us figure out our true identity. Ultimately making socialization the