Performance Analysis of an Aperture Coupled Microstrip Stacked Patch Antenna For WLAN Applications Abstarct- In this paper microstrip stacked patch antenna with 10mm air gap using aperture coupling technique at frequency of 5.8 GHz has been discussed. Microstrip antennas suffer from a biggest drawback of narrow bandwidth and this can be improved by a technique called aperture coupling and further by stacking of antennas without increase in surface area of antenna. Without stacking bandwidth
INTRODUCTION Mobile communications, wireless interconnects, wireless local area networks (WLANs), and cellular phone technologies compose one of the most rapidly growing industrial markets today. The advancement in the direction of wireless communication leads to a great demand of development of compact antenna to support multiple applications that can be easily integrated within the small space that is available inside the device. In the case of, portable antenna technology has grown along with
When a short-circuit fault occurs on a transmission line, it should be located rapidly and correctly in order to repair the faulted section, minimize the transmission line outage time, and restore power delivery as soon as possible. Therefore, development of a robust and accurate fault location technique under various fault conditions is a highly important research area. In some low power densities areas, utilities are connected to an existing transmission line using a tapped line because of economic
EHV and HV transmission lines are used widely to transfer power from power generating area to large load centers. Nowadays compensating devices which uses modern power electronic devices are mostly used to improve the power transfer capability of transmission line. Use of FACTS devices in transmission line affects protection system very drastically. In this work, we have addressed the issues related with distance protection of transmission line with STATCOM connected at mid-point. To mitigate the
Blood transfusion practices in patients having caesarian section. A prospective multicenter survey. Introduction: There has been a dramatic rise in the rate of caesarean section (CS) in the last two decade making it the most commonly performed procedure worldwide. 1Surveys (2, 3) have indicated that 3-5% of total red cells transfusion is related to obstetrics with higher rate in CS patients compared to those having vaginal delivery (1-7% versus 1%) (4, 5). Transfusion in CS needs special consideration
and clarifying the accounting for contract costs. Instead of focusing on “realized/realizable” and “earned” the Exposure D... ... middle of paper ... ...nd simply wait until revenue is collected. Revenue recognition has been uncoupled from the matching principle. *Conclusions – i.e. could become very judgemental, company confusion, check PwC and other info for concerns). This new standard represents a signification milestone in the convergence process and how revenue is not recognized. Instead
Reinforcement Reinforcement is the process of encouraging behavior based upon a positive or negative reward. Through reinforcement, behavior can be altered through a series of rewards, as seen in B.F. Skinner, and Pavlov's experiments. B.F. Skinner used conditioning to test the response of a rat. In this test, a rat is placed in a box. Through positive or negative reinforcement, the rat touches the lever, and either get a food pellet or an electrical shock. The response alters the rat's likelihood
The early studies of the history of electricity have been researched over several hundreds of years. There are several forerunners and inventors that laid the foundation for us to build upon; however I will only list a few. First, Otto von Guericke created the first machine that produced static electricity in 1660. Second, in 1675 Robert Boyle discovered that attraction and repulsion could be attained through a vacuum. Third, Alessandro Volta created the first battery in 1800, which consisted
that is used. Here, the equation for the Ohm’s law changes to: v=iZ Where, v= voltage i= current flowing through the circuit Z= impedance Here, all the three quantities can be used as complex numbers. Z defines a quantity called impedance. Impedance acts in a similar way as resistance in a DC circuit. Also, if the frequency of the AC circuit is allowed to go to 0, impedance will go down to 0 as the imaginary part of it will disappear, hence, making it equal to the resistance in a DC circuit. In the
Electrical Resistance Electrical resistance is a property of an electrical circuit that opposes the flow of current. Resistance involves collisions of the current-carrying charged particles with fixed particles that make up the structure of the conductor. Resistance is often considered as localized in such devices as lamps, heaters and resistors in which it predominates, although it is a characteristic of every part of a circuit, including connecting wires and electric transmission lines
Operant conditioning about sleep procrastination Introduction There are many bad habits these days and the most serious one for me is stay up late all the time and not energetic enough in the morning. This behavior is called sleep procrastination. Just as the words from the researchers at Utrecht University, “pre-bed procrastination is the latest diagnosable strain of mismanaged time, stopping us from shutting off when we should and causing us to fritter away valuable snoozing opportunities
The basic principles of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). For any electric circuit, which consists of various passive elements (i.e. resistors, capacitors and inductors) the behaviour of the whole circuit to an applied ac voltage, is dependent upon both the behaviour of individual elements, and also on their arrangement in the circuit with respect to each other. If a dc direct voltage is applied to the elements that comprise the equivalent circuit, the resulting current can be measured
Investigating How Length and Width of Copper Wire Affect the Current of a Circuit Task: To investigate how length and width of copper wire affect on the current of a circuit. Prediction: In this experiment, the input variable will be changing the length of the copper wire used in the experiment, and also the SWG of the wire, which means the width of the wire. By changing this variable, the current the circuit will vary. With my knowledge in science and some
inductor (X˪=wL). The amplitude of voltage across the inductor in an AC circuit is the current multiplied by the inductive reactance (V˪=IX˪). Once you have found your voltage amplitudes across the circuit, you are able to find the impedance of the circuit. To find the impedance you take the square root of all squares of the resistor plus (the inductive reactance minus capacitance reactance), Z=√R²+(X˪-Xc)². To find the phase angle you take the arctan of the inductive reactance minus the capacitance reactance
Experiment 1 Aim: To test the influence that the potential difference will have on the current of an electric circuit. Investigative Question: What would the effect of the change in potential difference have on the current of the circuit, if the temperature in the circuit remains constant? Hypothesis: By decreasing the resistance in the electric circuit we will be increasing the total potential difference in the circuit and will therefore directly strengthen the current in the circuit. The relationship
Differentiated Instruction with Pattern Making Early childhood education provides the building blocks to learning. The children who are enrolled in a preschool or child care setting are being exposed to a variety learning materials as well as new concepts and ideas. The young learners need to be taught in a setting that provides strategies that play to their weakness as well as strengths. This is where differentiated instruction comes into play. Differentiated instruction is a model of instruction
The Length of a Wire and Its Effect on Resistance Introduction: In an electrical circuit, the current (flow rate of charge) depends on the battery voltage that causes the charge to flow through the circuit and the components in the circuit. A circuit consists of a bulb, a battery and a resistor. The bulb is like a resistor, it slows down the electrons and the battery pushes the electrons and gives them energy. A component is a resistor, it slows down the flow of electrons. The bulb
electrical connection between PZT or active element and the actual ultrasound system. The last two components that I am going to talk about are the more important ones, the matching layer and the backing layer. The matching layer is at the face of the transducer in front of the PZT. “The matching layer is designed with impedance between that of the active element in the skin.” The ideal mat... ... middle of paper ... ...er than the natural focus is called the far field, far zone or Fraunhofer zone
frequency range 900 MHz - 2.3 GHz. Design Concept: The frequencies of operation f1, f2 and f3 are chosen such that f1 Even-odd analysis of the Wilkinson is done and the values of corresponding impedances and lengths are found using the formulae given below: The circuit is designed such that it provides good matching and isolation (by using three resistors) for the three frequencies selected by solving the simultaneous equations generated from: Solving the above equation values of conductance from which
Radio frequency energy is the energy transmitted by sources that can generate electromagnetic fields like TV signals, radio signal, wireless networks and cell phone towers, by using specially designed circuits connected to a an antenna this electromagnetic energy can be harvested and converted into a usable DC voltage. One of the applications of this technology is in radio frequency identification tags in which harvesting device can receives an RF signal from a sensing device; this RF signal can