Discussion and Scientific Explanation Our first goal in Project 7 was to determine what our three unknown solutions were. We did this through a series of tests. Our first test was a series of anion tests. We performed anion tests to determine whether any of the following anions were present in our solution: chloride, sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, and acetate. Our first solution, labeled as B, had only the chloride test come out positive. The next solution, C, tested positive for acetate, as did our
the -log is used. By changing the concentration of the HCl, the acid strength decreases, as shown in the change in pH, due to the presence of H+ ions as they break away from the original molecules of the acid. These free ions are in the form of hydronium ions, which shows in the decrease of the H+ in the table above. The data collected indicates
procedure of the lab. The solid acid, when added to water ionized to form charged particles causing the solution to have a certain pH that could be figured out from a titration curve graph. The acid used in this lab, KHP, ionized in water and formed Hydronium ions in the water. These ionized particles were what gave the acid a certain pH and those particles were what was being neutralized in the reaction. Multiple titrations were performed to neutralize the acid, in each titration, the lab groups attempted
is a substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+ or hydrodium ionsH3O+ in solution. There are three “kinds of acids”: Arrhenius, BrØnsted-Lowry, and Lewis Acid. An Arrhenius acid is a substance the increases the concentration of hydrogen ion, H+ or hydronium ions H3O+when dissolved in water. You must have water. A BrØnsted-Lowry acid is any substance that donates a hydrogen ion, H+ to another substance. A Lewis acid is any substance that accepts a lone pair of electrons.A strong acid is one that breaks
INTRODUCTION Acids and bases always challenged me throughout the years of learning them so when I learned I am going to face this topic again I thought it will be the best idea to a experiment for learning better therefore my aim for this project was learning the fundamentals of this topic. Acids and bases are really important in functioning cell. Majority of them are harmful and they destroy tissues by dissolving protein. For example, sulfuric acid is a strong acid and it has ability to hold the
Determining the Relative Atomic Mass of Lithium An experiment has been carried out to determine the relative atomic mass of Lithium by using two different types of methods The first method that was carried out was to determine the volume of Hydrogen produced. In this experiment a fixed amount of Lithium was used, in my case it was 0.11g. At the end of this experiment, the volume of Hydrogen gas I collected was 185cm³. Then using the solution of lithium hydroxide made from experiment
Neutralisation - How much acid is required to neutralise a base Introduction ============ Neutralisation is the reaction of a base with an acid to form a neutral solution; which contains salt and water. Acid + Base Salt + Water --------------------------- In my experiment I am trying to find out how much acid it takes to neutralise a base to form a neutral solution. I will use one molar of Nitric Acid as the acid and one molar of Ammonium Hydroxide as the base. So this will be a 1:1 ratio. (Molarity
Question: What is the effect of acids and bases on apple oxidation? Background Information: Apple discoloring, is the process of the skin turning brown when bruised and exposed to air. The browning is due to oxygen, O2, reacting with chemicals which breaks down the cells in the fruit. The reaction is called enzymatic oxidation a process that is started by the enzymes that are present in the apples which starts the browning process of the apple. However, the enzymes are quickly destroyed by chemicals
A. Acids and Bases Acids are a material that releases a proton or hydrogen ion (H+). Acids always generate an H+ whenever the solution is aqueous, which can be easily identified. On the contrary, in an aqueous solution involving bases always produce an OH- ion. There are many different ways to identify whether a substance is an acid or a base. An acid is always sour, changes litmus, conduct an electric current, react with a base to form salt and water, and whenever there is a reaction, acids
Investigating Factors that Affect the Amount of Heat Produced in Neutralisation I am going to investigate factors that affect the amount of heat produced in neutralisation. My objective is to plan and conduct an experiment from which I should be able to draw a firm conclusion that will either prove or disprove any predictions I have made. The factor I will be investigating is concentration
Titration is a technological process in which a solution, known as a titrant, is slowly and carefully added from a burrette into a fixed volume of another solution (known as the sample). In an acid-base titration an acid neutralizes a base or vice versa. This process is maintained untill the reaction between the titrant and the sample (acid and the base) is judged to be complete. The reaction is judged to be complete when the endpoint is reached. An endpoint in a titration analysis is referred to
Introduction The world we live in is full of chemicals and elements, we just do not simply notice them. In Everyday life there are acids, bases, and salts. Some may not know how to see them or even what they are. You might put baking soda into vinegar to see what happens afterward. We put salts on our food to make it taste better. There is salt in every ocean on earth. There are so many acids, bases, and salts around us and we just do not see them. We eat a neutralizer when we get heartburn
Vinegar is liquid with main component acetic acid (also known as ethanoic acid) and as well as some other chemicals compound. The estimation of the acetic acid concentration in a sample of vinegar was determined based on the stoichiometric reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acetic acid that form sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and water (H2O) as follow. CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l) However, the method of volumetric analysis is highly dependent on a pure standard
controlled by hydrogen ions in water, a small number of these molecules will split up. Some of the molecules lose their hydrogen and become hydroxide ions. The non-hydrogen ions join up with water molecules to form a hydronium ion. This can be referred to as (H30+). To make things simpler, hydronium ions are referred as hydrogen ions or (H+). In normal, pure water, there is an equal number of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Therefore water is neither acidic or alkaline. For a substance to be acidic it donates
Acid Base Reactions Acid An acid is a substance which donates proton in water solution. They turn litmus red and form salts when they react with bases.They have PH less than 7. Examples: Nitric acid Nitrous acid Sulphuric acid Base A substance which accepts proton in water solution is called base. Bases turn litmus red and form salts when react with acids. They have PH greater than 7. Examples: Sodium Hydroxide Sodium bicarbonate Magnecium hydroxide Acid Base Reaction A chemical reaction that happens
as magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2, aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3, and calcium carbonate CaCO3.The weak base in the antacid neutralizes the hydrochloric acid and relieves heart burn.4 According to Svante Arrhenius an acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions (H+) and a base is a substance
syrup and making of PVC plastics. Hydrochloric acid is made using a very straight forward method which involves dissolving hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water, releasing the H+ cation and Cl- anion. In this aqueous form the H+ ion joins water to form a hydronium ion (H3O+) HCl (g) + H2O (l) →
What does happen when you mix vinegar and baking soda? While your immediate answer may be "it fizzes and turns white" there is much science behind the concept. You will find that what it "looks like" is not nearly everything behind what really happens. Baking soda and vinegar form a completely different compound (when two or more elements combine; broken down by chemical changes like adding energy as heat or an electric current), which has it’s own properties. From the particle model of matter to
If you knew something was going on that caused the oceans and all the marine and plant life that dwelled beneath it to suddenly die wouldn't you try to do whatever was necessary to save them. Well what if i told you that your 30-40% of the reason why its happening. Doesn't that add a little guilt to your day. Pay attention and you’ll find out all about whats going on in the ocean and more importantly how to fix it. That something destroying our oceans and marine life is known as ocean acidification
when virtually all the molecules of the acid ionises in water. In this experiment, the strong acid used was hydrochloric acid. This acid is formed when gaseous hydrogen chloride reacts with water according to the equation: When in solution, the hydronium and chloride ions formed will be partially surrounded by water molecules via ion-dipole bonds, an electrostatic force of attraction that exists between charges in the ions and the partial charges in the water molecules. Water molecules surrounding