changes, MRI to record very early marrow necrosis not detectable by CT and tests for haemodynamic functions (intramedullary pressure measurements and venography) for vascular stasis. Patients may present with pain in hip which is due to subarticular increased intravenous pressure in early stages of osteonecrosis marrow oedema, necrosis and also due to increased intracystic pressure associated with degenerative changes of hip in advanced stages of necrosis. In advanced stages, there may be collapse
Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial infection that is very serious and sometimes fatal. This disease spreads very quickly and destroys soft tissue in your body. This disease is caused by multiple bacteria: group A strep, E.coli, Klebsiella (causes pneumonia), Clostridium (causes diarrhea), Staphylococcus (causes staph infections), and Aeromonas hydrophila (causes diseases in almost all organisms, hard to resist). The bacteria group A strep is the leading cause for necrotizing fasciitis. One of the
Necrotizing Fasciitis (flesh eating bacteria ) from an essay by Katrina Tram Duong, edited by S.N. Carson M.D. Necrotizing fasciitis, known commonly known as "flesh eating bacteria [infection]", occurs in a wide range of people 1. It occurs in the elderly, middle aged and younger patients. It occurs in athletes and debilitated individuals. It can occur in drug abusers with self inflicted wounds and healthy individuals with incidental injuries. It may occur in those with metabolic disorders such
Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a β-hemolytic, Gram-positive bacterium that most commonly causes respiratory disease, including pharyngitis or tonsillitis, as well as skin infections such as impetigo and cellulitis. The organism is transmitted via respiratory droplets or by contact with fomites, and commonly infects young children. In addition to the common clinical presentations associated with S. pyogenes, some individuals develop the postinfectious sequelae
the muscles cause Lupus patients to become weak which affects their daily lives. This also creates Lupus Arthritis. This is when stiffness or swelling is occurring in the joints. Then finally, Lupus affects the musculoskeletal body system with Avascular Necrosis of the Bone. This focuses more on the skeletal region of the body system. This part of the disease reduces blood flow and increases pressure in the bones. There are no medical cures to this condition but surgery is an option to reduce pain.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis are pain and loss of mobility. According to the study, the risk of getting osteoarthritis increases with a higher body mass index. As such, the first course of action before having a total hip replacement operation is to decrease body weight. A physician will suggest a different diet, additional exercises and possibly pain medication. The physician will also suggest walking aids, such as a cane. If the pain continues or increases, the physician will suggest the operation
I would like to look closely at the article written by Elias et al., 2008. What I found worthy of note is the prevalence and the incidence of stress fractures commonly seen in ballet dancers (Smith, et al., 2015). Growing up, I have enjoyed dancing and even entered local and national competitions. Of all the dances that I have been partial to, ballet was never my cup of tea. I enjoy watching ladies dancing gracefully en pointe but if I would be tasked to perform the said dance, I would opt out
King Tut died a long time ago, yet how he dies still remains a mystery. There are three main theories that I have found which may be the 3 most possible reason why King Tut has died. The first theory is an illness which scientists have found the illness in his body after his death. Another theory is murder. Research has shown that King Tut was most likely killed due to how his advisors had acted after his death. The last theory of how King Tut died was by a chariot crash. Some say it was an rock
~ In the 17th century, Galileo inferred that there was a relationship between mechanical forces and bone morphology, when he noted that body weight and activity were, related to bone size. ~ Julius Wolff ~ In 1892, ~ his Magnum Opus "The law of transformation of the bone" was, published. There were only a few early pioneers in the field of bone adaption, and then a publication, which came from an East Prussian surgeon from the “Friedrich-Wilhelms University to Berlin” (Charité institute 2014).
Gout is a condition, which can cause a sudden and severe pain in the knee joint, or any other joint, including wrists, elbows, fingers, etc. Apart from those mentioned above, other causes include knee injury, bone dysplasias, and avascular necrosis. When is Knee Replacement Surgery Highly Recommended? Pain in the joints can be reduced by attending physiotherapy sessions, or taking steroid injections. However, in some cases, the pain does not suffice, and problems of immobility worsen
femoral artery is the major arterial supply while the lateral circumflex femoral artery has to penetrate through the thick iliofemoral ligament to reach the hip joint that is the reason the damage to the medial circumflex femoral artery can cause avascular necrosis of the femoral
Introduction Frostbite is a form of skin damage that comes as a result of prolonged exposure to the cold and/or extreme cold winds. Frostbite generally occurs in the extremities with the hands and feet accounting for 90% of frostbite injuries and the nose, cheeks, ears and lips accounting for the other 10% [8]. Frostbite initiates once the skin reaches 0oC [4] so those in sub 0 environments are most at risk. Susceptibility to frostbite increases in people without optimal circulation such as those
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis affecting at least 20 million Americans with its prevalence expected to double in the next 2 decades (12.) (9). OA was once believed to be a consequence of aging, which still holds true, but is now believed to involve a multitude of biological and pathological processes influenced by several factors, including genetics, age, gender, obesity, joint injury, estrogen, diabetes and muscle strength with age and weight being the predominating
The Sharks Potential in the Cure for Human Cancer Thumbing through the pages of Business Week, the headline read Maybe Jaws Can Put the Bite on Cancer. Interested, I continued to read the short article. According to the reporter, Otis Port, researchers at California State University in Fresno say that they have isolated four substances in shark cartilage that appear to inhibit cancer (93). Curious, I continued to read the rest of the article. The chemicals block a mechanism discovered in the
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable disease that has a detrimental effects on both the airway and lung parenchyma (Nazir & Erbland, 2009). COPD categorises emphysema and chronic bronchitis, both of which are characterised by a reduced maximum expiratory flow and slow but forced emptying of the lungs (Jeffery 1998). The disease has the one of the highest number of fatalities in the developed world due to the ever increasing amount of tobacco smokers and is associated