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Impact of technology in the transport industry
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Transport management is now far more sophisticated than it was a decade ago.
Transport activities generate a wide range of economic benefits. Between 2% and 4% of total OECD employment, for example, is derived from transport services, and an estimated 4-9% of GDP in the OECD area is attributable to spending by the users of transport (including expenditure on infrastructure). More than 10% of total household expenditure now goes to purchase transport services (OECD Publications/ECMT). The balance of international payments is also strongly influenced by trade in transport equipment.
Enormous changes have taken place in the transport sector in recent years. The most marked is its unprecedented growth. Both stock variables (fleet size, kilometres of road and rail infrastructure, and so on) and flow variables (number of trips taken, volume of goods transported, and the like) have expanded rapidly. The world's automobile fleet, for example, doubled between 1970 and 1990, to stand today at approximately 500 million vehicles. These numbers are expected to double over the next 20-40 years, although at a slower rate in OECD countries than in the past.
Substantial structural, changes have also taken place. For one thing, there has been a major shift in where transport growth is occurring. In 1950, 75% of all automobiles were located in the United States. Since then, the number outside the United States has grown by about 8% per year (Mackenzie Walsh 1990) with even more remarkable increases in some locations. In Athens, for example, car ownership burgeoned from 35,000 in 1964 to 650,000 in 1984, and is expected to be about 900,000 by this year (Glaoutzi Damianidias 1990). Most future growth in global vehicle stocks is projected to occur in the developing world, as the industrialized countries become increasingly saturated with vehicles, as the developing countries undergo urbanization and industrialization processes of their own, and as people there begin to realize their longstanding aspirations for more mobility. There has also been a significant shift in the shares of different modes of transport. In the past twenty years, the volume of road freight traffic has doubled, while rail and waterway volumes have remained stable.
In view of the rapidity of these changes, it is not surprising that transport problems are generating considerable political debate in most countries. The traditional approach used to be to step up the supply of services; increasingly, calls are being heard for policies that curtail demand. Whichever approach is preferred, much of the discussion centres on the so-called 'social costs' of transport.
This sort of rapid growth entails exactly why the automobile has impacted many societal norms that people are familiar with in American culture. From its creation, there were sudden changes in societal structures and an increased culture relevance that rushed through American society. To begin with, the automobile was first a luxury only achieved by the wealthy. *Find a source* what a difference a few decades makes. At the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Ford proudly unveiled the latest edition of MyFord Touch, an in-car communication and entertainment system available in most of its models. An amazing technical achievement, the system can do fun things — like seamlessly integrate a smartphone or mobile media player with the vehicle’s audio system to facilitate hands-free operation.Now, we have roads to drive on everywhere, so an increase infrastructure and travel became a societal norm. Construction of roads made travel easier and faster, and in the 1950s, President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorized the federal Interstate Highway System, which once completed, allowed citizens to take their increasingly stylish and roadworthy cars on long trips to other states or even across the country. The new normal quickly became “driving” and
hundreds of thousands of households. The percentage of journeys taken by car has increased from 13
Motorised mobility, in particular mobility making use of cars, is essential to the life of individuals and of society as a whole in developed countries. In 2014 passenger cars accounted for 83.4% of km travelled in EU-28. The UK is above the EU-28 average, with 86.1% of km travelled by passenger cars1.
Finding ways to move goods from one point to another at a reasonable cost and within an acceptable time frame is a growing challenge for global businesses today. The costs and risks associated with transportation are increasing with the advent of globalization and low-cost-country sourcing. Even for companies with local operations only, they have to supply their products to various parts of a country which increases the costs and risks. Since the cost of gasoline has been on an upward trend, high level of efficiency in transportation is required to lower the costs involved and the risks associated with the costs. Costs concepts in transportation include economic, social and accounting costs. The risks and costs involved increases if the various modes of transport are used. There has been concern over many businesses failure to strategically think when they employ multimodal transportation services. Many businesses prefer the least expensive multimodal model instead of choosing the most effective; this trade-off is very expensive with hidden costs and risks increasing significantly (Molenaar, Anderson, Schexnayder, National Research Council (U.S.)., National Cooperative Highway Research Program., American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials., & United States, 2010).
Vassallo, J., Fagan, F., 2005. “Nature or Nurture: Why Do Roads Carry Greater Freight Share in the United States then in Europe” John F Kennedy School of Government ; Harvard University : Massachusetts
The article has explicitly shown that technological advancements in the transport industry provide various options for individuals especially in the economic sector (Garrison, 2013). However, the advancements still interact with many areas of life as Garrison puts it. He notes that when technological advancements are not sustainable, they affect the quality of life especially through pollution of the environment. Political and economic spheres of life are also affected considering that they are the major support systems for the development of countries (Ross, Mitchell, & May 2012). The author of the article also proposes a model that could be used to manage advancements in transportation technology.
INTRODUCTION: The world of transportation has dramatically changed over the past 100 years. There have been so many advances in getting people from point A to point B as quickly and efficiently as possible. Not only the forms of transportation, but what we use to propel ourselves has changed tremendously also. Automobiles: Cars have become extremely technologically advanced in the past few years.
South Africa, Department of Transportation, 1996(pg 4-5) states that the main goal of any transport system is to ensure even and competent collaboration allowing social and economic stability. The author Mac Maharaj; minister of transport at the time, acknowledged that the only way of achieving the effective transport system was to draft and implement policies with relation to transport. These policies were to be based on the needs of the society that was to make use of the transport and the economy sustained by the transport system. The transport systems implemented promote development and hence the policies drafted for transportation ensure that priority for implementation of a submitted transport system projects is given to those projects that are in line with the development priorities of the country as a whole.
For formulating a more efficient transport pattern, there are some specific strategies. Firstly, government can encourage people to pay more attention to public transit. The actual data about transit use from most cities indicates that transit use is growing in many cities, in addition, some developed cities have been reducing their car use and pay more attention to the public transport (Newman, 1999). Encouraging urban citizens use more public transit is effective in reducing the quantity of private cars. It is generally known that private cars have brought great pressure on urban traffic. Secondly, government can restrict cars based on the “odd-and-even l...
The development of urban transportation has not changed with the cities; cities have changed with transportation. This chapter offers an insight into the Past and the future of Urban transportation and is split up into a number of different sections. It includes a timeline of the different forms of transport innovations, starting from the earliest stages of urban transport, dating back to the omnibus (the first type of urban transportation) and working in a chronological order until eventually reaching the automobile. However, these changes in Urban transport did not happen for no reason. Different factors within society meant urban transport needed to evolve; points will be made on why society needed this evolution. In contrast I will observe the problems urban transport has caused in society as a result of its rapid progression. Taking account of both arguments for the evolution of urban transport, I will look at where it will go in the future.
Transportation is vital to a nation's economy. Reducing the costs of transporting natural resources to production sites and moving finished goods to markets is one of the key factors in economic competition. The transportation industry is the largest industry in the world. It includes the manufacture and distribution of vehicles, the production and distribution of fuel, and the provision of transportation services. In the 1990s, approximately 11 percent of the U.S. gross domestic product and an estimated 10 percent of all jobs in the United States were related to the transportation industry.
Economies thrive on the ability of mobility. Mobility allows people to go to work, attend school and travel far and wide by using some form of transportation. It allows people and ideas to mix more freely. Over time, mobility has taken many forms, from the backs of animals, to carriages and now the automobile. Since the invention of the automobile, we have been able to decrease transportation costs, travel vast distances and decrease travel times. We are able to facilitate relationships, foster trade between places and find better jobs. However, due to the inaccurate pricing of the roads, driving cars has turned from an innovation to pure frustration. The problem is traffic congestion; the increased usage of cars has created slower speeds and longer travel times due to greater demand for the road than the road has to offer. Roughly 3.4 million Americans endure extreme commutes, in which the trip to work and back eats up at least three hours of each day (Balaker, Staley 2006). Congestion slows life down by causing massive delays, eating away at valuable time and productivity. This has become a major issue because people are stuck in traffic when they do not need to be and conditions will only continue to get worse without government intervention. Many solutions have been offered and discussed but few have been implemented. This paper will serve to outline the economic theory behind traffic congestion, alternative policy options there are for dealing with traffic congestion and ultimately what the best strategy is to solve this problem. The solution I propose is to price the highways accurately to achieve the optimum number of vehicles on the road.
Transportation is the center of this world today, it is one of the main things that keeps this world operational. Transportation impacts this world in so many ways, because at the end of the day it is the glue that holds it together. If transportation decided to abruptly cease its operation, the world would be in an upheaval. The upheaval would unravel from the fact that this world has become so dependent on transportation for many years dating back to the B.C period. Transportation has given us the ability and freedom to not be confined in one location, because it provides mobility for goods and people travel from one place to another to fulfil a mission.
The fast population growth rate of humans means that the necessity for transportation vehicles is also enormously increasing. Studies have shown that in 1999 the worldwide number of vehicles registered was 700 million. From this huge number of vehicles, the US has a large share, which includes 200 million cars and light trucks. The number of cars worldwide also grew three times faster
It is considered a holistic approach that might be involved some factors providing an overall speed of journey (Mannering, Walter, and Scott, 2004). Wyatt (1997) states that the rail transportation has been made the urban areas to develop the transport network places with producing a good network to be placed over location with a poor network. For example in European Union (EU), the rail company had been employing around 570,000 people across passenger and freight operations in year 2012. From here, the rail transport is critical by the EU strategy to improve their economic condition. This rail sector had been makes a large contribution in oversea country.