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Henri Fayol's weakness in management theory
Contrast Fayol with contemporary management theories
Analysis of henry fayol's theory of management
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Planning, Organizing, Leading & Controling in Airline Industry-
Air France
Introduction
The managers are the key element of an organization. In this dynamic and rapidly changing environment, the role of managers has become quite challenging. The management of an organization is a very complex and compound action. The management process in quite unpredictable. The managers of this era must possess a set of skills ability, knowledge, talent and ability. Making the right decision is intricate and difficult even for the most effective and knowledgeable managers. This dynamic era has proved that the management role are now very challenging. The managers must also understand the flow of the management functions ‘Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling’ and integrate them in their organization.
The airline business is quite complex as it has to deals with a number of flights, thousands of travellers and their belongings, the time of flights landing and departure and the satisfaction of their employees as well as the customers. In order to achieve maximum performance for this business, it is important for the managers to employ the management functions in a careful manner. The managers must also understand the need of integration of this function for the best utilization of the resources.
The paper describes the significance of the management role in this era. The functions of management propose by Fayol are also discussed. The importance of the integration of the functions with each other in the organization is described. To better explain the importance of integration process an example of an airline business is also discussed.
Discussion
Managers are the individuals of an organization that have the responsibility of admin...
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...ved cargo services in about 93 countries and 168 destinations in 2013. The global hub of the airline is at the Gaulle Airport. The corporate headquarters of Air France, which was earlier at Montparnasse in Paris, are now located in the north of Paris on the Charles de Gaulle Airport ground.
Air France was originated from the merger of a number of airlines in 1933 on the 7 October. Air France has now obtained the operations of the French Flag Carrier, International Rival UTA-Union des Transports Aeriens and Air Inter in 1990.
Air France has been operating through a combined fleet of Boeing and Airbus for its routes of destinations. For the long hauled routes, Air France uses wide bodied Jets of Boeing on long routes and Air Bus family aircraft for short routes. In 2004, Air France was ranked in terms of the operational activity as the largest Airline.
It has stayed relevant to the market through its propelled philosophy of relationships to generate profits in the business. Since its establishment in Monroe, Louisiana the once tiny airline has stretched to greater heights serving in 6 continents. It has also established a distinguishable name among its competitors with a reputation of leading customer services. However, even as an established venture, the company needs to maximize its profits in order to stay in business and expand in to new territories beyond its conquered boundaries. A strategic analysis was carried out by our team to establish the company’s current situation. A SWOT analysis was performed to come up with three referenced, strategic alternatives. This alternatives are meant to act as a strategic guidance to the company in order to enhance growth. The strategic recommendation provided will improve and enable the business to cope with the competitors while the implementation of the strategy section will outline the way to go about achieving these alternatives in the business setting. Lastly, we put up a discussion on the evaluation procedures and necessary controls for the
The Organizational Structure of Southwest Airlines. One of the determining factors of the organizational behavior in an organizational structure. It includes several areas such as issues of authority and control, communication team, market and geographic structure, product division. Southwest Airlines determine all these areas and proved a strong competence in all issues. The SWA organizational structure is well-known for being functional. First of all, because their structure is multi-divisional, “each division in a multidivisional structure is essentially a different business. Moreover, the responsibility of each divisional manager is to design the divisional structure that best meets the needs of the products and customer of that division” (Jones, 2007, p. 155). The major positive aspect of such kind of structure is an increased organizational effectiveness and control. In this system, behavior is controlled through internal upward mobility. “A large divisional company possesses an internal labor market which increases managers’ motivation to increase organizational effectiveness” (Jones, 2007, p. 157). One more important issue in such type of structure is how to keep the customer’s happiness. The SWA coped with this question easily. They put the
When analyzing Delta, you do not have to search very far before quite possibly one its strongest attribute rears its head. Based on calendar 2000 data, Delta is the largest U.S. airline in terms of aircraft departures and passengers enplaned, and third largest as measured by operating revenues and revenue passenger miles flown. Delta is the leading U.S. airline in the transatlantic, offering the most daily flight departures, serving the largest number of nonstop markets and carrying more passengers than any other U.S. airline. Delta Air Lines transports more passengers worldwide than any other airline. Through a vast worldwide route system Delta has flown over 117 million passengers, more than any other airline in the world. Delta mainline, domestic and international service, Delta Express, Delta Shuttle, Delta Connection®, Delta Sky Team and Worldwide Partners operate 6,400 flights each day to over 450 cities in 98 countries.
United Airlines aircraft have soared through the skies for more than 70 years. Initially used to transport U.S. mail, the planes soon took on a few adventurous passengers. In a matter of years, air travel was embraced by the general public, creating a demand for larger, faster, more luxurious aircraft.
Air Canada, is by fleet size and passengers carried, the largest airline of Canada. The company provides scheduled and charter air transport for passengers to over 182 destinations across the world. Air Canada is the founding member of Star Alliance and the world’s eighth-largest passenger airline by fleet size. Air Canada was founded in 1937 as Trans-Canada Air Lines and currently serving more than 41 million customers every day over the 200 airports globally. The largest hub of Air Canada is located at Toronto Pearson International Airport, with additional hubs at Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport, Vancouver International Airport, and Calgary International Airport.
Air Canada today is the largest full-service airline and the largest provider of scheduled passenger services in the Canadian and International market with 178 destinations worldwide. Air Canada involves in the international market to and from Canada. Air Canada has interesting story behind its journey to be one of the most successful airline company in the world. The company was born with the name of Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA) about 78 years ago on April 10, 1937. Its main objective is to connect the young countries such as Canada by air service. From its founding year on 1937, twelve years later, in 1959, the government was surprisingly fully owned the TCA company and complete the monopoly on all of Canadian domestic air routes which is very crucial for the company at that time; in 1964 government make a crucial decision once again by changing the name from TCA into Air Canada, they had all the monopoly on all Air Canada International routes until 1967. At the same year, Canadian government continued make its regulations flexible and allowed CP Air to flights more than one time per day and, by 1970, CP Air was given access to gain 25% of the intercontinental traffic in Canada. At the 1980s,
It grew from the initial 18 routes to a stronger network encircling most of Europe. In 1934 Swissair became the first airline to employ European airhostesses. The airline is known for its fleet decisions and catering, among other services. In 1958 they made their first alliance with Scandinavian Airlines. During 1968 they became the third European airline to operate all jet fleets which puts them above and beyond all other airlines in the world.
The best-known transport companies are Nedlloyd, Frans Maas and Smit International. The world’s oldest national airline, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, had to merge with French airline Air France in 2003.
Often lessors buy the planes and subsequently lease them to the respective airlines. Furthermore, the infrastructures are primarily established according to the precise needs of home airlines (BIEGER & WITTMER, 2011, p. 61-64). As an example, the airport of Zurich strongly adapted needs of Swissair when expanding its own infrastructure. Operations and outbound logistics cannot clearly be distinguished in the case of an airline business, since it is a service industry of intangible output. The “production” of the service and the order processing can be seen together as providing the transport to the desired destination of customers. Moreover, the added value is very much dependant on safety, service quality and comfort. Marketing and sales include every way of promotion and indeed, stipulating sales channels in pursuance of attracting new customers. As already alluded above, progressing technology in online distribution and increasing price competition caused by market liberalization force airlines to lay much more weight on the marketing and sales activities. The core differentiation possibility remains in quality of on-board service and additional services at
Introduction Air India airline is one of the biggest airline in the India. It was established by the famous company TATA and since its incorporation. It has grown very well and has spread all over the world in the different destinations. It has become the reputable brand in the airline industry with having the operations over 152 destinations. It has link up connections in the 35 countries and it currently has 137 fleets.
An organisation is a deliberate arrangement of team consisting different personal identities to accomplish some specific goals and managers are the ones who hold the responsibility of mastering and placing them together to strive for that purpose (Robbins, Bergman, Stagg, and Coulter, 2008). Robbins et al. (2008) have stated that managers are people who coordinate and oversee the work activities of others so that the goal is accomplished effectively and efficiently. Managers usually possess qualities such as having strong communication skills, flexibility, imagination, enthusiasm, problem solving skills, and of course the desire to be a great leader (Phdinmanagement.org, 2014). The structure of management conducted by a manager is often influenced by the four functions introduced by Henri Fayol (planning, organising, leading, controlling); how Henry Mintzberg’s management roles play in the organisation and also the three essentials management skills proposed by Robert L. Katz (Robbins et al., 2008).
Jet airways India’s second major airline in terms of market shares after Indigo airlines based at Mumbai known as India’s economic capital in addition to being its India’s widest network with 3000 flights a day with 76 destinations worldwide, main operations are handle from Mumbai but secondary hubs are Delhi (Nation Capital of India) Kolkata and Bangalore, It has an international hub at Brussels Airport, Belgium.
Managers nowadays do not actually do what a manager really should do back in the eighties. Changes that occurred in the new economy, the increasing use of technology in business, and the effects of globalisation towards business world have led management into a whole new dimension. New managers are expected to be able to manage on an international scale, act strategically, utilize technology, establish values, and of course, act responsibly as well. (Crainer, 1998) Henry Mintzberg once asked, "What do managers do?" After conducting his research based on a study of five CEOs, he concluded that managerial work involves interpersonal role, decisional role and informational role. And the fact is that, managers get things done through other people. Therefore, managers are required to possess certain skills and competencies which allow them to play these roles effectively and efficiently throughout the four functions of management. (Mintzberg, 1998)
Management role is to provide powerful leadership and define goals and constantly ensure employees commitment to the organization in return the reward employees when targets reached. There is no fundamental conflict between the both sides and when the conflict occurs it presumed as abnormal behavior or an outcome of poor
Management is vital for any organisations regardless of the size and the types of the organisations. In general, management is defined as “the application of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling functions in the most efficient manner possible to accomplish meaningful organizational objectives.” (John M. Ivancevish and Thomas N. Duening, 2007)