Strata, which have contained fossils in the past, are sharply defined layers that differentiate between sedimentary rocks. Although evolutionists struggle to explain why strata have such unusual characteristics, Brown’s idea of liquefaction describes why they are found in strata. The reason why fossils and strata do not form in large scale quantities today is also due to liquefaction. Liquefaction greatly sorted out all of the layers of sediments and rock, and this is why strata are organized. Without the Flood, which caused global liquefaction, strata would not be as common. Quicksand, earthquakes, and wave loading are all examples of liquefaction. They all vary in intensity and the amount of liquefaction that occurs. Quicksand is created by water flowing upwards through sand. A flimsy cover of water coats each grain of the quicksand, …show more content…
giving it a fluid like texture. This texture is a characteristic of many other liquefied sediments. These sediments have a buoyancy that explains vertical sorting. Another instance in which liquefaction happens is during and after earthquakes. Few scientists understand why liquefaction occurs, but Brown presents a thorough explanation. Weight is removed from particles below when water lifts the top sediments. As the flow continues to lift the second layer of sediments, the continual process of the unburdening of particles occurs. The particles then become suspended in water. Lubrication from the water makes it easy to for the particles to slip by one another. A small example of liquefaction is wave lading. When a person is walking on the beach and waves touch their feet, the sand at the person’s feet becomes soft. As waves roll back and forth from the shore to the ocean, water is violently injected in and out of the spaces in between the sand particles. This creates the loose mixture. Uniformitarianism is a principle that states that all of the features found on earth today can be explained by current processes. The evolutionist’s study of the earth is built upon uniformitarianism, and if it were wrong, most of the theories proposed by evolutionists would be proved incorrect. Brown uncovers the faults located in this popular “principle”. Uniformitarianism assumes that all of the processes found today were the exact same as thousands of years ago. Another base assumption of uniformitarianism is that no catastrophic events have occurred in the past. From the very beginning, it is obvious that this principle is incorrect because the Flood, which was a chaotic event, happened. In 1832, catastrophism, which states that the earth was created and affected by the Flood, was prevalent in scientist’s minds. When uniformitarianism was introduced to other scientists, it transformed their thinking. Some of the reasons for why uniformitarianism is wrong are the accelerated burial of dead plants and animals, “out of sequence fossils”, and shallow meteorites.
Another reason is the fact that sedimentary layers stretch for thousands of miles across the earth. Liquefaction explains why the layers are lengthy while current processes do not. The purity of some sedimentary layers is also explained by liquefaction. Current processes cannot sort out particles as fine as liquefaction. If uniformitarianism is correct, then erosion would have destroyed the sedimentary layers laid down in the past. The clearly distinguished separation of layers would not be found today. Only liquefaction accounts for this phenomena. A phenomena known as assorted fossils happened because of the Flood. Evolutionists claim that this happened because of macroevolution, which has an unknown cause. Macroevolution does not allow exceptions to happen, and if it were true, there would be no exceptions in the organization of fossils in strata. The various exceptions of fossils being found out of their “evolutionary order” proves that macroevolution is
wrong. Evolutionists are completely confused about out of sequence fossils. A majority of them do not know how to explain why some fossils are “out of sequence”, or they attempt to explain it with a wrong explanation. One of the biggest weaknesses of evolution is the sorting of fossils. Evolutionists believe that macroevolution is responsible for the vertical sorting of fossils. There are many reasons for why macroevolution is wrong, and in order for macroevolution to happen, no exceptions should exist while liquefaction allows room for exceptions. Clearly, exceptions in the sorting of fossils have occurred, and while macroevolution cannot describe how it came to be, liquefaction and the hydroplate theory can.
"Sedimentary Rocks." Backyard Nature with Jim Conrad. N.p., 18 May 2015. Web. 25 Oct. 2015.
In 1977, a recent research by geochemists Eoghan Reeves, Jeff Seewald, and Jill McDermott at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) is the first to test a fundamental assumption of this ‘metabolism first’ hypothesis. This popular view says simple reaction emerged near ancient seafloor hot springs. These reactions presumably turned a nonliving world to a living one.
There are three clear landslides; the southwest landslide is stream-laid sand and gravel from the quaternary that was located on a steep slope resulting in gravity pulling sediments down the steep slope. The northeast landslide appears to be tuff sediments that have fallen upon biotite-quartz diorite rocks. The northwestern landslide is the largest of the landslides. The landslide occurred just south of the creek; erosion must have lowered the creeks elevation creating a steep decline resulting in Bena gravel to fall.
Since Walcott’s discovery in 1901, due to extraordinary preservation, these restricted yet still widespread assemblages still remain slightly confusing; biologists, geologists, and me included research and wonder how these amazing specimens have been kept so well for millions of years (Gaines 2012). Academic Journal ‘Mechanism for Burgess Shale-type Preservation’ Robert Gaines along with many other infamous authors explain exactly that – they demonstrate in great detail just what the title says, the mechanisms of Burgess Shale-type preservation using many possibilities such as geochemical and sediment data from six different principal Burgess shale-type deposits and compare the different areas and the things and sediment found there (Gaines 2012).
[1] This problem with the theory of evolution was addressed by Stephen Jay Gould and other evolutionists. They postulated the punctuated equilibrium theory of evolution, which does not predict the numerous fossils predicted by the orthodox theory of evolution.
Geologic development contributed to the Cambrian explosion. There was a supercontinent called Rodina that broke up to make continents. There was an ice age but the Earth continued to warm creating new life forms. There things called invertebrates that had no backbone. Life forms also had a hard outer shell to protect them. The trilobite is an arthropod that had a hard outer shell. In only 15 million years many different types of organisms evolved. Cambrian reefs made up of sponges flourished.
In not being a science major, or really having much interest in science at all it was difficult for me to fully immerse myself into this subject. I was under the impression that the only idea of evolution was that of forward progress, the one that we all see in advertisements and on Google when you type in “evolution”. In stark contrast to this idea of evolution, Stephen J Gould presents a less restricted idea of evolution. He left some of the decision up to chance and showed this theory by discussing it within the Cambrian Burgess Shale. More specifically, there are two main themes represented in this book by Stephen J Gould: showing evolution as a ladder or cone, and if it were possible to “replay the tape of evolution” the results would be considerably different and specifically that humans may not come out of that result.
The arguments that many Young Earth Creationists make for their belief and against evolution are that fossils were created through the great Flood, the literal belief in Genesis, and that radiocarbon dating used in Evolution is too imprecise to prove that the Earth is older than 10,000 years.
regions of the earth can indicate which rock layer is older than the other. Trilobite fossils
Evolutionists often come with the argument that fossil findings can serve as a proof of the evolutionary process; bones of such creatures as dinosaurs, or the remains of even more ancient beings found by archaeologists are much older than the age of our world according to the Bible. Therefore, claim the evolutionists, creationists are wrong. Creationists, however, came up with a strong counter argument. They say that all fossil findings are already fully formed, and appear to have not changed much over time; in other words, they remained in a so-called stasis condition (Geological Society of America). This means that there are no intermediate links between simpler and more complex life forms, which witnesses in favor of the claim that each species had been created.
There are several theories about how the Cambrian Explosion started. There were major changes in marine environments and chemistry from the late Precambrian into the Cambrian, and these also may have impacted the rise of mineralized skeletons among previously soft-bodied organisms. One theory as to what happened is that oxygen in the atmosphere, with the contribution of photosy...
Over the past century, the Burgess Shale has revealed important information about the development of earth’s history. The excavation of the Burgess Shale formation provided evidence for what was once just a theory in evolution. The taphonomic findings of the Burgess Shale have played a significant role in understanding the large diversity that resulted from the Cambrian explosion, advancing the study of evolutionary assemblages for Paleontologists worldwide.
Surface Creep occurs when landing sand particles remove the larger and heavier particles, pushing them forward.
When we look around our world today, we see a dynamic, almost chaotic planet that is constantly changing. Volcanoes erupt, the earth’s crust moves, mountains are weathered and other such activities occur around the world at almost any given moment. These dynamic events occur with such frequency and repetition that clearly defining a beginning or end is exceedingly difficult. Considering this difficulty and by relying on purely observational information, one can only assume that the processes that go on today have been going on since the earth was created. This precise idea is the very platform of the scientific view called uniformitarianism.
The glacial deposits found in a sedimentary bed must have been created only by glacial activity (i.e. possibility of a non-glacial factor being responsible for the deposition is not accepted).