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Character traits portrayed in The Once and Future King
Character traits portrayed in The Once and Future King
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The integrity and honor of a man is based on many aspects in life. One may look at the actions of a person to determine how they react to certain situations. Deceitfulness and loyalty are common attributes of a person from which judgments can be obtained. Friendships are also a reliable source to ascertain one's self-morals and principles. In T.H. White's, The Once and Future King, the reader is presented with the lives of two very different men and their actions allow the reader to formulate different opinions about these men. Either one of them could be seen as the hero of Camelot or the down-bringer of it. Camelot is a place of deceit and sin and while many people think that the most honorable people in Camelot are Arthur, the king, and Lancelot, Arthur's best knight, these men have many of their own problems. So, who characterizes the lesser of the two evils? Arthur is able to accomplish many positive things such as using might for right and staying loyal to his friends, where Lancelot is a disloyal man whose only loyalty is to the code of knights, which he eventually breaks, showing that he is the more flawed man.
Throughout Arthur's rule, he learns from his experiences, as some of his decisions come back to haunt him. One of Arthur's faults results in being seduced by his half-sister, Morgause. In order to kill the child they have, Arthur sends all of the children of England of a certain age out on a boat to be killed. Arthur claims, "I wanted to destroy Mordred for his own sake" (548). Arthur didn't want his son to be raised as a mistake between he and his half-sister but this may be one decision, which his country's citizens frown upon. Everyone with children will be deprived of them, causing hatred towards Arthur and he cannot risk such a devastating blow to his reputation in his career. Arthur's desire to avoid fate becomes evident here. He should have just gone to Morgause and taken care of the problem himself but he does not. Arthur, however, shows many good leadership qualities. He is a just leader who stresses the technique of using might for right, which was necessary for Camelot to evolve and to gain the trust of his people. The times are described, "When the old King has came to his throne it has been an England of armored barons, and of famine, and of war" (529).
In the beginning of Le Morte d’Arthur, background information is given. The background information explains that Sir Lancelot (King Arthur's favorite knight), has fallen in Queen Gwynevere. (King Arthur's wife) Once Sir Lancelot confessed his love to Gwynevere, she revealed that she was also in love with him and the two began a passionate love affair that lasted two years without King Arthur knowing. Sir Lancelot definitely has broken the code of chivalry because his duty was to protect the King and Queen as their knight however, he has disrespected him by having an affair with Gwynevere. It was Sir Lancelot’s affair that led to the following, events that then led to King Arthur’s death. A knight’s duty is to honor the King, not to disrespect him and have an affair with his wife without him knowing. Additionally, Sir Lancelot wasn't sentenced to death by the King but the Queen was sentenced to be burned at the stake. This goes to also show the corruption of Britain's Society. If another pilgrim within a lower class would have done what Sir Lancelot did, he would have been sentenced to death. Both the Queen and Lancelot contributed to their affair which brings up the question of, why should the Queen be burned at the stake and not
One of the most enduring myths in the Western world is that of Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Regardless of the origins of the tales, the fact is that by the time they had been filtered through a French sensibility and re-exported to England, they were representations of not one but several ideals. Courtly love and chivalry and the various components thereof, such as martial prowess, chastity, bravery, courtesy, and so on, were presented as the chief virtues to aspire to, and the knights as role models. Arthur's eventual fall is precisely because of having failed at some level to fulfill these ideals in his life.
T.H. White's novel The Once and Future King presents a code of chivalry that outlines the expected knightly behavior of the time. This particular code stresses loyalty to one's liege, love and respect toward women, and absolute devotion to justice. At the height of Arthur's kingdom, this code was widely accepted by all. However, as Arthur's kingdom begins to decline, the code of chivalry begins to hold less importance among the people. The fall of Arthur's kingdom is directly related to the absence of the code of chivalry in the behavior of the Knights of the Round Table. Sir Lancelot betrays Arthur when he has an adulteress affair with Guenever. Sir Lancelot also disrespects women when he leaves Elaine to be with Guenever in Camelot. King Arthur himself is disloyal to justice when he allows Guenever to be rescued by Lancelot.
Loyalty is what the the knights demonstrated to their king by being willing to go to battle for him and die protecting his kingdom. The knights are ready to drop everything and go to fight someone they’ve never met, the second King Arthur tells them to. This loyalty is so extreme and powerful, that Lancelot refuses to fight Arthur even after King Arthur Invaded his lands, he chose to wait until he could claim self defense in order to keep his honor as a knight intact. Launcelot is a perfect example of extreme loyalty, because he does not allow his love life to get in the way of the loyalty he has towards his King. This balance that Launcelot has between his love life and loyalty to the King is why Launcelot has the greatest reputation
The Knight shows bravery and loyalty, and the pardoner displays a great heap of honesty, about himself of course. The Knight was off battling in the crusades until one day he came back just in time to go on a religious journey to a shrine. His bravery was shown there because he fought in the war, let alone he was loyal enough to his religion to come back to the shrine. He had no time to even change his clothes to go onto the journey, but as always he was dressed to battle. Right when he returned he went straight into another journey. This shows his loyalty to his land and people. The other character, the pardoner, was a so called “holy” man who had pardons sins for money. He lied and snuck people into scams which led to more money for the pardoner. Although the pardoner belonged to the church, he is probably the most sinful men on the whole canterbury tales journey. He shows brutal honesty by telling everyone on the journey about his schemeful plans and his “holy relics” that he sells. These relics are all just the things that he found on the side of the road. As a result the pardoner and the knight has shown bravery, honesty, and loyalty to resemble the cultural values of this time
One of the main topics discussed in lesson one is the fact that heroes over time and overseas all heroes have something in common; which is true in the case of King Arthur and Beowulf. It is obvious that they are similar in the fact that they are both heroes, but what makes them an idol of their time and in their culture are poles apart. There are many things that are different about Beowulf and King Arthur, but the ones that stand out the most are what kind of hero they are and what actions they did to make them heroic. Both heroes possess qualities that others do not have, but it is what they do with those abilities that prompts someone to write a story about them and idolize them in time.
accept his terms. He mocks Arthur, who is silent, and before the king can accept,
In the Medieval Period, knights dedicated their lives to following the code of chivalry. In Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte d’Arthur, a number of characters performed chivalrous acts to achieve the status of an ideal knight. Their characteristics of respect for women and courtesy for all, helpfulness to the weak, honor, and skill in battle made the characters King Arthur, King Pellinore, and Sir Gryfflette examples of a what knights strove to be like in Medieval society. Because of the examples ofchivalry, Le Morte d’Arthur showed what a knight desired to be, so he could improve theworld in which he lived.
Many Arthurian knights could be described as chivalric, but there was one who did not follow this behavior. Sir Mordred contains many flaws, but he is a strong willed knight. He does not follow the noble qualities of his mentors, instead he goes in a complete different direction. Sir Thomas Malory represents Mordred in Morte Darthur as a lying thief and rapist who will do anything to claim the throne of his father, King Arthur. Early British Kingdoms website tells the tale of a poor soul who is sent away but then returns to raise havoc over many people, including his own family.
Lancelot is portrayed mostly as a love-struck man and not a very logical knight. From the first moment he is introduced, he is seen as someone sick from love. He will do anything to save his love, Gweneviere; even if that meant dishonor. When Lancelot rode on the cart, he was immediately labeled as someone bad. He pushed aside reason for love. “Because love ordered it, and wished it, he jumped in; since Love ruled his action, the disgrace did not matter.” (212) There seemed to have been nothing that could stand in the path of Lancelot.
Although the Knight and Miller's Tales are very similar, it is obvious that they are told by pilgrims of different social rankings. The Knight was chosen to go first because he represented the highest social class in the estates model, which is made up of those who fight. He was a soldier who was fighting in God's name, and for that reason he occupied the highest position in society. He was described as a truly perfect, noble knight: "A KNYGHT ther was, and that a worthy man, That fro the tyme that he first bigan, To riden out, he loved chivalrie, Trouthe and honour, fredom and curteisie. Ful worthy was he in his lordes werre, And therto hadde he riden, no man ferre, As wel in cristendom as in hethenesse, And evere honoured for his worthynesse" (43-50). The Miller was introduced to the reader much later in the General Prologue and was described as being a big-mouth and a cheater. The reader also discovers in the Miller's Prologue that he is very drunk. In his disclaimer he says that he feels he shouldn't be held responsible for anything in the fabliau ...
The first of act of real betrayal is seen towards the beginning of the novel committed by Sir Accalon of Gaul and Morgan Le Fey. King Arthur under the impression that he and Accalon were friends, had no idea that Accalon was planning on killing him. But the even worse was the fact his sister spearheaded the whole thing. At this point Arthur is being betrayed by his Knight and his sister. Morgan was the one who seduced Accalon into the idea of becoming the strongest knight and giving him this false confidence. His false perception of strength came from the fact that Morgan gave him sword of Excalibur. Arthur finds out and says, “But I fele by thy wordis that thou haste agreed to the deth of my persone: and therefore thou art a traytoure – but I wyte the lesse, for my sistir Morgan le Fay by hir false crauftis made the to agré to hir fals lustis. (Malory 90) In theses lines Arthur is forgiving
King Arthur was a very well known person and the story of his life has been told in many different ways. Two different versions of King Arthur's life were "The Passing of Arthur" by Alfred, Lord Tennyson and "The "Death of Arthur"" by Sir Thomas Malory. The two stories shared many similarities, but had no shortage of differences even though they were both about the same person.
One of Geoffrey's less believable main characters is the Knight, for reasons of chivalry. The knight displays many traits which make him seem almost too good to be true, and a true gentleman that rarely exists in reality. The narrator sums up the knights character by stating that "Though he were worthy, he was wys,/And of his port as meeke as is a mayde." (pg. 5, The Canterbury Tales) The knight holds four main admirable traits, making him the most liked traveler in "The Canterbury Tales," and also amplying the doubt of his realism. The reader is prepared to learn of each of his noble accomplishments and importance when the narrator remarks that" A knight ther was, and that a worthy man,/That fro the tyme that he first bigan/To ryden out, he loved chivalrye,/Trouthe and honour, fredom and curteisye." (pg. 4, The Canterbury Tales) From the characters impressive introduction, it is clear that this man is the most valued and honorable traveler among the group. This perfect gentleman holds a love of ideals that are often not displayed by people. First and foremost, he believes in the ideals of chivalry, and always stays true to its principles. He also feels that one should be honest, truthful and faithful, which many people are not all of these ideals. The knight thinks one should only do what is right, and what will gain him honor and reputation. This character also believes in freedom and generosity towards all, and displays this ideal repeatedly throughout the novel. And lastly, the knight also strongly feels that any proper person should display courtesy and elegance at all times. Another aspect of this character's life which makes him seem too prestigious to be truthful is his impressive military career. He fought in the holy war, known as the Crusades and was involved in 15 "mortal battles." In the prologue, the narrator informs the reader that "Ful worthy was he in his lordes werre,/And therto hadde he riden, no man ferre,/As wel in Cristendom as hethenesse,/And ever honoured for his worthinesse.
How would you describe Sir Lancelot? Most people would say he is the strongest, bravest, and kindest knight of the round table. Some might say he is the biggest Benedict Arnold of all time because of the adultery he committed with Queen Guinevere. However, his chivalry and code of honor make him the epitome of a true gentleman. These contrasting qualities set Sir Lancelot apart from all the other knights and characters in the “Morte D’Arthur.” Lancelot’s gallant, courageous, and conflicting personality make him a complex character in this dramatic tale of love and betrayal.