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Essay in types of autism
Essay in types of autism
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Applied Behavior Consultants, Inc. better know as ABC, created schools and facilities that are for children, aged 3 to 18, and have been given the diagnosis of Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ABC schools are Non-Public Schools (NPS), or Non-Public Agencies (NPA) and the type of services preformed in their clinical practices and educational development services are based on Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA).
ABC uses Intensive Behavioral Treatment (IBT) within a language-based ABA setting. Initially the individual IBT is highly structured, but as the child progresses the teaching environment becomes less structured. Each child’s individualized curriculum or IBT includes:
Critical language skills
Functional Activities
Socialization
Initiation and spontaneity
Generalization of mastered concepts and skills
The individual curriculum or IBT is formulated to meet the specific needs of each child while utilizing the child’s individual learning style, with the goal of reintegrating the child into his or her neighborhood school.
In order to make sure a quality education is received within a safe environment, the classrooms have numerous individuals that work with the children. First, there is the credentialed teacher, secondly, a lead behavior technician with several other behavior technicians working under the lead’s supervision, and the supervision of the Senior Behavior Analyst or Supervising Behavior Analyst (SBA).
During my visit to the ABC facility in Stockton, California, I met with a Senior Behavioral Consultant* (SBC), and inquired about the type of services this particular facility provided. The Stockton ABC facility is an NPA, not a school, so the requirement of a credentialed teacher does not apply to this f...
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... receive 1:1 instruction until the teacher determines when and under what conditions the student will benefit from group instruction”, (Applied/Services, 2013).
Having visited the ABC facility in Stockton, read their pamphlets and visited their website, I would refer parents with Autistic children to their facilities. Though the need for insurance to cover the cost of this specialized care, would seem to limit, in general, the availability of providing needed care to the more impoverished members of the local area. Sadly, this limitation feels like an injustice.
*The ABC Senior Consultant wished to be unnamed.
Bibliography
Applied Behavior Consultants. Main. 2013. http://www.appliedbehaviorconsultants.com/main_about.php. (11/25/2013)
Applied Behavior Consultants. Services. 2013. http://www.appliedbehaviorconsultants.com/services_3.php. (11/25/2013)
Therapists cannot always have control of the environment. Hence question was raised about whether FA can be applied under more naturalistic conditions in which the uncontrolled actions of bystanders may compromise results. A solution to this is to train parents and caregivers in FA and conduct FA in more natural settings. While FA does have these limitations, they are recognized and as can be read above, solutions to these limitations have been found. So as well as FA being the most precise and more complex assessment, the fact that the limitations have been addressed by various procedures to move towards progress is also a benefit of FA. Other benefits of FA include that it is a clear demonstration of the variables that relate to the occurrence of problem behaviors and enables the development and progress of effective treatment quicker and faster, and is a reliable measure (Iwata & Dozier, 2008; Jackson,
When asked what curricula is being used in each subject area and grade level and how we arrive at those choices Ms. Romig explained how the school uses Unique Learning System® and Ablenet®. They are both aligned to CCLS. Unique Learning Systems® is adapted at three different levels and can be adapted further to meet students differentiated needs. Unique Learning System® has units of study, is theme based and follows a three year plan. This curriculum adapts Literacy, Writin...
Behavior Modification strategizes to reduce varieties of unwanted or unexpected behavior by utilizing reinforcement and punishment. In hopes to changing a specific behavior, the individual will learn that good behavior will result in good consequences. In a 1:1 setting, Discrete Teaching or DTT is a method part of ABA that involves the use of “three-term contingency” or simply known as antecedent, behavior and consequence. For example, in a 1:1 setting, a teacher asks a student to clap hands (antecedent), the student claps hands (behavior) the teacher gives student a piece of candy (consequence).
Ms. Sherman has been working in Behavioral Intervention classes for about twenty years now and is considered by her colleges at the school somewhat of an ...
An ABA therapist helps a patient by reinforcing a positive social behavior and discouraging a negative one such as whining and throwing a tantrum. This means that a therapist should work with a patient one-on-one, as both the child and the treatment program w...
Autistic children are isolated from most schools, socially and within the classroom. Although most children with auti...
Discrete trial teaching is a teaching method classified by the fast pace delivery and shortened period of instructions (5-20 seconds) and incorporation of prompts, which is also referred to as errorless learning. DTT is under the umbrella of ABA and it is a method used to teach new skills and behaviors to children on the autism spectrum. As well DTT uses a unique style of teaching, errorless learning. Which unlike the normal teaching of trial and error. This style of teaching has been shown to be very effective with children with autism. Furthermore, Applied Behavior analysis seeks to address the antecedent and consequences of behavior ( Hunter class). There is over 60 years of research to support the effectiveness of ABA to address the behavior or children with development disabilities. Furthermore we discussed in lecture that punishment and reinforcement are the driving principle behind changing behavior. DTT uses carefully timed reinforcement to support newly learned behaviors and skills. This research indicates that the use of ABA leads to very effective results in children. (Hunter, 2015)
The issue of whether or not children with autistic disorders should be main-streamed, or placed in the same classrooms as non-autistic children, has been a very real concern for quite some time. While the debate is continuous, people often choose to side on a particular position of the argument without correctly evaluating all of the options. Should autistic children be main-streamed in regular classrooms, or should they be placed in self contained environments? Or, possibly, should a common ground be determined?
...Classrooms in the Public Schools." About.com Autism Spectrum Disorders. About.com, 07 July 2008. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. .
Schools are in great need of systems, processes, and personnel who are able to support the needs of students with problem behavior. Research indicates, however, that (while I am a big, fat cheater) information has not been made available to teachers and other professionals in a format that allows these strategies to become common practice. Many teachers choose isolated behavioral strategies that are not applied immediately after the problem behavior has occurred.
The second resource that I would like to discuss would be the Toronto Partnership of Autism Services (TPAS). The TPAS is a community based service that helps children with autism, and their families through Intensive ...
“The Contribution of Applied Behavior Analysis to the Education of People with Autism” Behav Modif., by Rosenwasser, B., and Axelrod S., published in 2001, summarized Oct 19, 2006
NASMHPD. (2014, Accessed April 27). Retrieved from NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM DIRECTORS: http://www.nasmhpd.org/About/AOMultiStateDisaster.aspx
Classroom management is one of the most essential skills to becoming an effective classroom teacher. Teachers who possess the ability to manage their classroom are able to create an environment where learning is the focus (Burden & Cooper, 2004). Although teachers may be well prepared and skilled with classroom management, at some point in time they will encounter a student or students whose behavior hovers authority and the functioning of the class. There is no simple way to deal with these difficult situations, but there are strategies to help. The first step is to identify the purpose of the behavior. A Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA), is a systematic set of strategies that are used to determine the underlying function or purpose of a behavior so that an effective intervention plan can be developed (NPDC, 2014).
A major part of successfully implementing the plan is to get teachers and administration “on board” with the details of the behavior plan. At times, the teachers may need to change how they approach the student in the classroom and this can be difficult for seasoned teachers to change how they do things in the classroom. The goal would be for the teacher to identify the problem from the behaviors that the student is displaying, and then use the strategies given from the assessment for intervention. The teacher would then follow the steps on the behavior intervention plan, and then give positive reinforcement when the behavior was changed. During this process, adjustments can be made if the given strategies are found to not work.