Introduction In this experiment the relationship between volume and pressure and the relationship between temperature and volume are explored with the LabQuest pressure sensor. First, the sensor and a syringe were used to find the relationship between volume and pressure by changing the volume within the syringe while it was connected to the sensor. Next the sensor was connected into an Erlenmeyer flask which was put into boiling water that was slowly lowered to 0○ to measure the change in pressure while the temperature dropped. The first relationship is called Boyle’s Law and was originally found by Robert Boyle, who published it in 16621. This law is now used to carbonate sodas. By pressurizing soda cans, the CO2 gas inside it is forced to dissolve, and when the can is opened, the pressure is relieved, and the gas begins to …show more content…
As shown in Table 1, in comparing 2.50 mL to 5.00mL and 10.0 mL to 40.0 mL, the larger the volume, the lower the pressure; the smaller the volume, the higher the pressure (DQ 4). This makes sense, since, as previously mentioned, the pressure and volume are inversely proportional (DQ 4). In the second half of the experiment, temperature and pressure were revealed to have a directly proportional relationship (DQ 5). This relationship is modeled by k=P/T, where P is pressure, T is temperature, and k is a constant in kPa/K (Table 2) (DQ 5, 6).
Table 2: Pressure readings and calculated kPartB values at each specified temperature.
Temperature, T (K) Pressure, P (kPa) Constant, kPartB (kPa/K)
300 84.1 0.280
320 89.3 0.279
340 94.4 0.278
360 99.5
Experimental Summary: First, my partner and I put the marshmallow and cheese puff on T-pins and used the Electronic Balance to measure the mass of each of them. Next, we put 100 mL of water in the 100 mL Graduated Cylinder and poured it into the 12 oz. soda can. We measured the temperature of the water with the thermometer. After
Thermodynamics is essentially how heat energy transfers from one substance to another. In “Joe Science vs. the Water Heater,” the temperature of water in a water heater must be found without measuring the water directly from the water heater. This problem was translated to the lab by providing heated water, fish bowl thermometers, styrofoam cups, and all other instruments found in the lab. The thermometer only reaches 45 degrees celsius; therefore, thermodynamic equations need to be applied in order to find the original temperature of the hot water. We also had access to deionized water that was approximately room temperature.
Input variables In this experiment there are two main factors that can affect the rate of the reaction. These key factors can change the rate of the reaction by either increasing it or decreasing it. These were considered and controlled so that they did not disrupt the success of the experiment. Temperature-
It was learned that changing the volume of the same substance will never change the boiling point of the substance. However having two different substances with the same volume will result in two different boiling points. The purpose of this lab was to determine if changing the volume of a substance will change the boiling point. This is useful to know in real life because if someone wanted to boil water to make pasta and did not know how much water to
Regarding the densities of Coke and Diet Coke, I believed that the density of coke would be greater than the density of Diet Coke. Because the content of Coke contains more sugar than Diet Coke, it would contain more mass and since density is mass dependent, Coke would be denser than Diet Coke. From the results of the experiment, there was a slight difference between the densities of Coke and Diet Coke. The measurements obtained from the pipette and the graduated cylinder demonstrated that Coke is denser than Diet Coke while Diet Coke was shown to be denser than Coke using the burette. With the pipette, the average density of Coke is 1.02 and the average density of Diet Coke is 0.99. With the graduated cylinder, the average density is 0.976968 and the average density of Diet Coke is 0.95. With the burette, the average density of Coke is 0.99 and the average density of Diet Coke is 1.0. Among the three instruments, the most precise was the graduated cylinder and the most accurate was the volumetric pipette. Since density is defined as mass/volume, changing the volume of Coke or Diet Coke would have changed.
The data which was collected in Procedure A was able to produce a relatively straight line. Even though this did have few straying points, there was a positive correlation. This lab was able to support Newton’s Law of Heating and Cooling.
5. In a gas increasing the pressure means molecules are more squashed up together, so there will be more collisions. My Investigation. I am going to investigate the concentration variable. I have chosen this because in my opinion it will be the easiest one to measure.
Therefore, the relationship between pressure drop and boil-up rate means that more volume of vapour educed per unit time results in more restriction of the holes in the sieve tray and that caused by passing of vapour through the liquid on top of the tray. Hence, the higher the velocity, the higher the boil-up rate and so does the overall pressure drop.
In a 100ml beaker 30mls of water was placed the temperature of the water was recorded. 1 teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate was added to the water and stirred until dissolved. The temperature was then recorded again. This was to see the difference between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
Opercular pumping is a mechanism utilized by certain fish for gas exchange. An opercular pump is used to pump water through the gills in an almost continuous unidirectional flow (SHSU). A dual pump is used in tandem in order to drive the unidirectional flow, both a buccal cavity and opercular cavity work simultaneously. The oral valve along the buccal cavity opens, allowing an influx of water. This influx of water causes an expansion of the opercular cavity, dropping the pressure (Hall). Water then enters into the opercular cavity and flows out due to opercular cavity compression. This compression pumps water out which leaves fresh air in the buccal cavity to be brought to the lungs for respiration. Lungfish utilize a different method of
When the liquid level in both arms is the same, the pressure of the sample of gas inside the closed end must equal the pressure of the external atmosphere since the downward force on the two columns of liquid is then equal. When the liquid levels are unequal, the pressures must differ. The difference in pressure can be measured in units of length of the vertical column of liquid. The mm Hg, or its modern version the torr, originated in this use of the manometer. Mercury is particularly convenient for use in manometers (and barometers) because at room temperature it has low vapor pressure, does not wet glass, and has a high density. Other liquids such as linseed oil or water have also been used in manometers.
The last part of experiment 5, was learning about specific gravity and temperature. Specific gravity does not have any units, it is unitless. When measuring for the temperature, we used a thermometer to calculate the Celsius of the water, 10% sodium chloride, and isopropyl alcohol. The specific gravity uses a hydrometer to measure the gravity of the liquids. Using the hydrometer, to figure out the measurements we have to look at it from top to bottom. The water for specific gravity was .998 while the temperature of it was 24
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After evaluating the information provided in our assessment scenario, methanol poses the greatest risk of fire and explosion, at least in my opinion. I came to this conclusion because methanol has a higher vapor pressure when compared to toluene (96 mmHg verses 22 mmHg). “Liquids with low boiling points have comparatively higher vapor pressures, because they evaporate readily at room temperature, which unfortunately, can make them volatile. Consequently, liquids with higher boiling points result in lower vapor pressure since they evaporate slower” (Meyer, 2014, p. 53). Vapor pressure is defined as “the pressure exerted by the vapor in equilibrium with its liquid” (Meyer, 2014, p. 53).
Mathematically, Hooke’s law states that F equals the displacement or extension length multiplies a constant k, or F = k∆l. F is the force in the spring which migh...