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Physics of volcanic eruptions
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Volcanoes are catastrophic events in time . Although how dangerous volcanoes can be they attract huge groups of tourists every day . There are different types of volcanoes and different volcanic eruptions and are all horrific . Volcanoes can affect everyone and everything in it’s path . Volcanoes can be found all over the world and there are volcanoes forming this very second. Volcanoes bring curiosity to everyone .
Volcanic eruptions occur over a series of stages. Volcanoes are found on plate boundaries because of the weak crust that is more likely to crack rather than normal crust. When the plate boundaries crack it triggers a volcanic eruption . In a volcanic eruption magma from the magma chamber below the earth's surface rises through the crack in the earth's crust
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Although volcanoes are different in their own ways volcanoes are also horrific in their own ways . There are four different types of volcanoes these volcanoes include composite, cinder ,shield , and lava dome according to geography . Composite volcanoes are made of layers of ash and lava . When this volcano erupts there is a higher chance of having a pyroclastic flow rather than a lava flow . Lava domes are created by small masses of lava which is too thick to travel far . Lava dome grows by lav expansion within the volcano , according to Universe Today . Cinder cone volcanoes are formed by lava fragments which land near a volcano vent to eventually create a circular shaped cone with a crater on top , according to Universe Today . Cinder cone volcanoes are the most common type of volcano . One type of volcanic eruption is when magma rises through the surface and comes out of a vent as a lava flow this is called an effusive eruption. Magma is torn to bits called pyroclasts as it makes it’s way to the surface this is an explosive eruption , according to volcano.oregonstate.edu . Volcanoes are destructive in their own way
Basalt forms due to the partial melting of the layer of the mantle called the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is the plastic zone of the mantle beneath the rigid lithosphere. Mantle plumes coming from the mesosphere can cause the asthenosphere to melt with heat or even if pressure decreases, which is called decompression melting (Richard 2011). The magma that forms from this melting is mafic magma that solidifies once it reaches the earth’s surface and cools quickly. The above process mainly occurs mainly during intraplate igneous activity which is the main explanation for volcanic activity that occurs a long distance away from a plate boundary. If the tectonic plate above the mantle plume is moving it can create a string of volcanic activity such as in Hawaii. See Fig 2.
What is a super volcano, what is a volcano? A volcano itself is a hill or mountain with vents to the crusts of the earth that let magma sit under or in the mountain. “A super volcano is any volcano capable of producing a volcanic eruption with an ejecta volume greater than 1,000 km3 (240 cu mi). This is thousands of times larger than normal volcanic eruptions. Super volcanos are on a much bigger scale than other volcanoes. Unlike composite volcanoes, with their steep sides, they are difficult to spot.” (Internet Geography, geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk) An average volcano in the world would just cause local damage, but this super volcano could end life on earth. Not just with the eruption but the ash would cause a volcanic winter blocking the sun to long and then even more the ash would choke everything out and collapse roofs. Yea Rainier would kill thousands of people, but Yellowstone would literally kill billions plus of people. In comparison, Rainier is a little fly and Yellowstone is a Griffin {The big eagle lion bird thing}. Yellowstone has the capability to erupt 1,000 times stronger than Rainier ever could.
Volcanoes have always been a mysterious wonder of the world. Volcanoes have shaped the landscape and the very ground that we all live on. People have written stories of their disastrous eruptions, and painted their marvelous shapes on canvas. The essay will outline some of the more famous volcanoes and how they have impacted are history. Mount Vesuvius that destroy the great city of Pompeii, Krakatoa they spewed deadly ash on small village town, and Mount St. Helen, the only volcano in my own country to every erupt during my own time period.
Volcanoes. The naturally forming landforms that can look remarkably beautiful. Gentle slopes, or high rising heights with snow caps and greenery that seems to attract many tourists and sightseers around the world. These magnificent landforms can also cause major destruction and can produce forces that can explode, burn, and create a great deal of damage. Two of these extravagant wonders of the world is the Mount Saint Helens composite volcano in Washington, US, and the Mauna Loa shield volcano in Hawaii, US. These landforms have a eruption history of many colors. One has a great power in eruption, but another has a eruption that is quiet and gentle. In comparing these two volcanoes there are many likes, and dislikes, to consider. So the following
Stories about volcanoes are captivating. Myths come in different versions, but all of them are capable of capturing yours, and everybody’s imagination.
Volcanoes can cause damage by spewing lava, but earthquakes before the eruption can also cause damage. These earthquakes open fissures and let magma out to the surface. When the magma exits these fissures, streams of lava up to hundreds of feet can shoot into the air. The picture below shows the lava erupting from the fissures created by the earthquakes in...
Super volcanoes are formed when magma rises from the mantle to create a scorching reservoir in the Earth's
Volcanoes can be one of the most destructive forces on Earth. It is estimated that some
ART MUSEUM VIEWING WORKSHEET Title: View of the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius Artist: Pierre Jacqces Volaire Medium: Oil on Canvas Size: 56 × 76 cm
Earthquakes are caused by tectonic plates moving in the earth's crust. They either move apart or pull together at faults. Two forms of faults are normal faulting where the hanging wall moves downward causing rocks to be pulled apart by tension and reverse faulting, which is the opposite where the hanging wall moves upward casuing rocks to be forced together by tension. These movements cause tectonic plate boundaries called divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries and transform boundaries. Each boundary is different and play a
“There are depths of thousands of miles which are hidden from our inquiry. The only tidings we have from those unfathomable regions are by means of volcanoes, those burning mountains that seem to discharge their materials from the lowest abysses of the earth.”(Oliver Goldsmith) This quote hits it right with what volcanoes cover up from you the remains of history as we know it. Some of the most interesting things from history are covered up by the ash of volcanoes. Its scary to me that a volcanoe can be just there peaceful minding its own business and then bamm!, the volcanoe randomly exsploeds and destroyes everything in its path. One of the most reconized volcanic eruption is from Mount Vesuvius covering pompii. This is where
In approximately 800 A. D. a group of around forty Polynesians voyaged across the Pacific Ocean in two large double canoes. Possibly seeking new lands to settle, this small band of intrepid travelers eventually discovered a small (64 sq. mile) island that they decided to make their new home. The island they encountered was triangular shaped and offered numerous features that made it attractive for settlement. Two, out of the three volcanic craters that anchored the corners of the island, contained fresh water. In addition, the soil of the island was found to be rich and fertile and a large palm forest covered many parts of the island. The Polynesian explorers had set out from their home with an abundant supply of goods, and were ready to colonize
Igneous rocks are formed from the ejection of earth’s volcanoes. Deep down inside earth’s mantle there lies hot magma. Magma is molten rock that is kept below the surface. This mixture is usually made up of four parts: a hot liquid substance which is called the melt; minerals that have been crystallized by the melt; solid rocks that have made themselves tangled in the melt because of loose materials, and finally gases that have become liquid. Magma is created by an increase in temperatures, pressure change, and a alter in composition. When this magma is ejected from earth’s crust it earns a new name called lava. The lava hardens and becomes an Igneous rock.
Tuzo Wilson in 1963, it states that hot spot volcanoes are created by exceptionally hot areas fixed deep below the Earth’s mantle. Recent scientific findings predict that these hot spots may be found at more shallow depths in the Earth’s mantle and may migrate over geologic time rather than being fixed in the same spot.