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The primary and secondary effects of volcanoes bbc
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Volcanoes
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Volcanoes
Volcanoes are holes or vents in the Earth’s crust, created when molten hot magma under the crust
of the Earth is forced upward to the surface. Magma collects in a chamber beneath the crust,
pressure builds up and forces it up through cracks or fissure and a conduit to the surface is
created. Hot gases try to escape but are trapped in the magma. The surface of the Earth begins to
bulge until the pressure can no longer be contained. Gases and fragments are released in a violent
explosion called a volcanic eruption.
A volcano can erupt many times in its lifetime. The material released over many eruptions
gradually builds up a cone shaped mountain. In the center of the mountain is a vent called the
central vent, there can be smaller side vents that come off of the central vent. In many volcanoes
there is a bowl shaped crater at the top of the central vent. Under the volcano there is a large
magma chamber where the magma is. The explosive power of a volcano depends on how much
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