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Impact of British colonization and imperialism in Kenya
Terrorism as a violation of human rights
Civil war in Kenya
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On the eastern coast of Africa lies a land full of sunny blue skies and large plains in which zebras and elephants roam. This land is the country of Kenya. Outside of Kenya’s cities and towns lies many samples of natures beauty. Unfortunately, the people living in this land are troubled by their struggle with the government and trying to form a democracy. Matthew Carotenuto stated, “Much of the world had historically viewed Kenya as an island of peace and economic potential in a roiling sea of stateless chaos.” What he means is that people have long seen Kenya as a peaceful place that is surrounded by countries suffering from all sorts of violence and unfortunate circumstances. What many people do not know is that Kenya has a long history for political violence going way back to when the country was colonized. Understanding that Kenya’s past violence was due to their struggle for social and political authority helps us understand some of their violence issues today. According to Maina Kiai, violence broke out after Kenya’s 2007 election. Many people had thought that Kenya was a more peaceful country compared to others in Africa because they were working towards a democracy. Currently Kenya is a republic (“Kenya” The World...). Another thing Kiai mentioned is that one of Kenya’s major political problems is that Kenya's constitution gives the president full power to elect anyone he wants into a political position for any salary he chooses. Scott Baldauf and Robert Crilly also explain how Kenya is trying to become a democracy but its political system is weak and allows the president too much power, making the nation a dictatorship in disguise. This leads to many ethical issues within the governments systems. We should care about Ken...
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Mutua, Makau wa. "Human Rights and State Despotism in Kenya: Institutional Problems." Africa Today 41.4 (1994): 50. ProQuest. Web. 15 Oct. 2013.
"New Report Documents Counterterrorism and Human Rights Abuses in Kenya and Uganda." Targeted News Service. Nov 27 2012. ProQuest. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
Salmon, Katy. "Media-Kenya: Rights Groups Vow To Defend Freedom Of Expression." Global Information Network: 1. May 17 2002. ProQuest. Web. 15 Oct. 2013.
“Universal Declaration of Human Rights Plain Language Version.” United Nations Cyber Schoolbus. United Nations, n.d. Web. 29 Sep 2013.
Verdirame, Guglielmo. "Rights of Refugees in Kenya." Migration World. Vol. 27 No. 1 1999: 27-30. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 14 Oct 2013.
"Voa News: Kenyans Mourn Slain Opposition Lawmaker." US Fed News Service, Including US State News. Feb 09 2008. ProQuest. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
In 2007, rebel groups including the Union of Democratic Forces for Unity, the Union of Republican Forces, and the Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace formed an group called Seleka, meaning alliance (Warner). On March 15, 2013, Seleka captured Bangui, the capital city of the Central African Republic, and killed members of peacekeeping units (Tognini). Believing that President Francois Bozize had gone back on a peace deal, Seleka ousted him and he fled to Cameroon (Karimi). Wanting greater representation, the Muslim rebel group’s aim was to take over power in the Central African Republic ("Muslim-Christian Conflict Threatens Central African Republic"). After Bozize left, episodes of violence and looting increased (Karimi). In August of 2013, Seleka leader Michel Djotodia was made president (Smith “Unspeakable horrors...”). In September, Djotodia dissolved Seleka and denied that a religious conflict was occurring (Karimi). The anti-balaka had been formed by President Bozize to combat gangs and once the violent episodes began, the group was used as opposition for Seleka and the ...
Gang violence has been an issue within the United States since the colonization in the late 1400s. Although gang violence has always been around, larger more organized factions began arising in the 17th century. Today, according to youthinfo.gov more than 700,000 youth were treated in the ER for gang related incidents. While many actions have been taken against gang related, not all seem effective. While very interesting on how people are drawn into gangs, our government must implement more strict measurements against the clans of hooligans.
The United States can start by easing some restrictions in their counterterrorism policy. The humanitarian relief agencies are not handing over the money to the militants willingly but are forced to. They are handing the money over to reach people desperately in need of basic necessities. The ultimate goal is to reach the people who desperately need international aid. In certain cases, there should be an evaluation of what is the best course of action between the two difficult options. Giving money to the militants and getting aid to the people or not negotiating with the militants and watch the people suffer. I feel the United States has to look at the lesser of two evils. Understandably, the United States is concerned of designated funds getting into the hands of militants to fund and execute operations, however aid needs to get to the people who are suffering. The United States can take initiative and get a direct line of communication between the government of Somalia and the militants to come up with a common goal to assist the people in the war ravaged nation. I believe this can set the stage for future diplomatic meetings between Somalia and the United States. There could even be an option with direct talks with Al-Shabaab if diplomacy makes its way to the table.
Kenya is still troubled in a political sense, which is clearly demonstrated by the riotous elections of December 2007, in which around 1,000 people were killed in (Sisson). During one of the more recent elections, there were numerous massacres and protests trying to obstruct the concept of democracy. Under British rule, attempts to impose models of democracy on Kenya, originally a tribal country, were made. These have influenced the corrupt Kenyan government into holding democratic elections, which turned extremely abusive. A large amount of Kenyan’s are not yet ready to take away their tribal identity to forge a national identity for Kenya. High authorities of Kenya including president Jomo Kenyatta wore clothing similar to the clothing of the Europeans (Sisson). This made people feel that their clothing was not in fashion and they had to follow the way of the Europeans, although it meant losing a cultural aspect of their tribal group. The lack traditional tribal apparel being worn was decreasing the amount of people following the culture they were raised under. With a new religion and semi-new lifestyle, Kenya’s citizens were becoming more European than Kenyan. Additionally, climatic conditions make it impossible sometimes some years in some countries to cultivate crops in Kenya. Climate changes such as drought and flood are example. Because Africa is in
Though acquiring progression in their society, however, the colonial dominance of the Britain’s in Kenya was relatively unproductive and introduced rather more destructivity and inequality amongst the genders. This type of behavior is evident in modern Kenya, however, politically and economically it is to be awarded to the Britain’s that during their colonial rule they did however maintain the agricultural aspects of Kenya, whether for their own advantages. However, modern Kenya is rather insufficient in keeping its political and economic aspects together, which is the explanation of why it is suffering big time. However, Kenya under the Britain’s was in fact treated maliciously.
While making up the upper echelon of African academia, a large number of them exercise their right to exercise capitalist tendencies by owning small and large businesses in the country as well. Other ethnic groups that make up Kenya’s population are the Luhya (14%), the Luo (13%), the Kalenjin (12%), the Kamba (11%), the Kisii (6%), and the Meru (6%), with the latter amount constituting an “other” category .
From the economy to its culture Kenya has felt the devastating results of the ...
Violence is one of the serious problems that the whole world has it, not only the United States. Every day in the news we see reports about shootings, wars, thefts, drugs, rapes, and deaths, and that is basically the definition of violence. Violence has many types such as: Physical violence, Sexual violence, Emotional violence, Psychological violence, Spiritual violence, Cultural violence, and Verbal Abuse and each kind of violence has its own definition. Violence has been an issue hundreds years ago. According to the bible, the first act of violence was when Cain struck his brother Abel and killed him. So violence started with the humanity, and the most dangerous problem that our society is facing, violence is increasing and its proved by statistics for instance, 2013 saw a 61% increase in the number of people killed in terrorist attacks, so as we don’t get solution for this problem as it become more dangerous and more harder to solve it. All actions create reactions; many people get killed because of violence, people die or get injuries. The reaction or the action is most of the time illegal or wrong. One of the effects of violence is creating terrorism, which the whole world suffering from right now. ISIS is the result of the violence in religion, and their terrorist actions in Syria and in Paris. Also we can’t forget 9/11 and what Bin laden did. That is all because of violence, it is like a disease if you didn’t get a medicine, it become more worse. Violence has many impacts Insecurity of life and uncertain future of individuals; society and nation lose their strength; peace of mind and joy of life lost, love and harmony between any two individuals (even between mother and her child) replaced by suspicion and hatred. Also it h...
Kenya is a very important country in the world basically due to its strategic location in the East African region. It is a country that has had an interesting political walk that despite the challenges it has faced, it has managed to pull through though with an interesting history to tell. There have been different regimes in the country since it acquired its independence. Worth noting is that these regimes have come into power through different ideologies and they have guided the country in different directions. The country was colonized by the British and acquired its independence in the year 1963. Notably, Kenya is considered to have been a colonial invention which had to contend with the colonialists.
The paper seeks to understand the political, social and cultural variables that have thrown Kenya into the geo-political limelight insofar as the so-called ‘War on Terrorism’ is concerned. The paper ends by discussing the security and economic implications of Kenya’s foreign policy positions as they relate to the evolving Middle-East conflicts.
Kenya is a developing country in East Africa region with a total land area of 582,646 km2. It gained independence in 1963 from British colonial rule. It is neighbor to Somalia and Sudan which have experienced political instability marred with civil strife but the country has remained relatively stable despite the effects of such on socio-economic status of the country. According to Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (2010), Kenya has 38.6 million people with a growth rate of 2.8% annually with a majority population living in rural areas (World Bank, 2010). Under its current constitution (promulgated in 2010), Kenya is headed by a president with a devolved county government system comprising of 47 counties. Its last concluded general elections in 2013 were peaceful compared to the conflicted 2007 that sparked violence in the country.
Ake, C. (2000). The feasibility of democracy in africa. (reprint ed., pp. 1-206). Ann Arbor: Codesria.
Political violence is the leading cause of wars today. Personal agendas have led to many of the political objectives that cause violence today this has caused many problems throughout the world and will continue to do so until a solution to this issue is found. Political objectives have been advanced involuntarily dependent upon the kind of government a nation exercises. For instance, in a democratic nation political groups must worry about convincing the majority in order to advance ethically. Those who try to influence the majority through acts of violence are considered today as “terror” organizations. Though perhaps if it were not because of the recent 9/11 terror attacks that maybe such warrants would not be seen as terror attacks, but instead the result of partisan advancement. Acts of terrorism have been around throughout the evolution of mankind. Terror attacks have even been traced back as far as the religious roots of an ancient middle east (Ross, Will Terrorism End?, 2006). However as man evolved, so did terrorism. Today’s extremism involves some of the main characteristics of ancient terrorism, but much more developed. Political advancement is no longer the root cause of terrorism acts. Instead influxes of “holy” wars have been appended the prior definition of terrorism. Mistakably modern terrorism has been confused for Political violence with political objectives, but research will establish that the nature of terrorism is fundamentally different from other forms of political violence.
Political greed, the greatest challenge to Africa’s democracy Uganda inclusive is political greed. Presidents in some African countries want to rule for life and extend the patronage to their family members. This greed has led to manipulation of parliaments, constitutions for example according to Uganda’s constitution of 1995; the president had only 3 terms of office. However when Uganda’s president term expired in 2005, he bribed members of parliament with 5millions Uganda shillings to scrap off presidential term limits without holding a referendum and it succeeded. This was a great blow to Uganda’s democracy and contempt of the
Elections are supposed to function as a peaceful means for making decisions and settling political differences. But they do not always function in this way: sometimes, they trigger political violence. Especially ethnically divided societies are often thought to be prone to such dynamics. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the 2007 Kenyan elections and the 2006 and 2011 elections in Zambia. Working with these cases, it asks, first, whether the presence of ethnic diversity must lead to violence around election time. In a second step, the paper then refines this question to ask under what conditions ethnic diversity tends to lead to election violence, considering factors such as the electoral system, the numerical balance of ethnic groups, the closeness of elections, economic, social, and historical background conditions, and elite strategies, as well as how these factors might interact with one another