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The Mongols were a group of nomadic people who were known for not only their ferocity in battle but also their tolerance of other cultures. Over the course of their many empires, the Mongols conquered lands from as far as the Korean peninsula to the Islamic civilizations of the Middle East. The movement of the Mongol people into these areas was met with mixed opinions, as members of some societies respected the braveness of the Mongols while others saw them as destructive. According to Ala-ad-Din Ata-Malik Juvaini, 15th century Korean scholars, and Rashid al-Din, the Mongols were a group of tolerant people who attempted to eradicate injustice and corruptness (1,3,4). However, members of other societies viewed the Mongols as coldhearted and merciless because of the damage they dealt in the conquest of Russian cities and the taxes they forced upon their conquered societies (1,2). Nonetheless, some scholars and historians recognized the Mongols power and braveness, but were indifferent with their views of the Mongol civilization. Firstly, the Mongol society was viewed as merciful and fair-minded. According to Ala-ad-Din Ata-Malik Juvaini, a Persian historian who served the Mongols as the governor of Baghdad in the 1200’s, the Mongols would not use excessive punishments when collecting taxes from their tributaries. Likewise, Korean scholars who documented the battle of Kuju between the Mongols and the Koreans in the 15th century reported that after the battle an elderly Mongol general recognized the Korean military leaders for their persistence and courage in their refusal to surrender. The general said he believed that these leaders would become distinguished rulers of the state, and in fact it came to pass. Another instance ... ... middle of paper ... ... were positive, one may argue that these individuals only saw the tolerant and fair-minded side of the Mongols, and not the relentless warrior part of the society who was known for its “dirty” tactics of war, which went as far as launching diseased-ridden corpses over the walls of castles during sieges. Alternatively, one may argue that the scholars who provided negative documentation of the Mongols only saw the destructive side, not the open-minded side of the society who were known for their cultural acceptance. Although these accounts allowed for an adequate idea of the nature of the Mongols, a record from a peasant who was not a member of the upper class in their society, as all reports presented were from historians, scholars, and political leaders. This would allow for a different perspective on the issue and would produce a better understanding of the topic.
The people that the Mongol Empire overthrew were the only ones to suffer under Genghis Khan’s homicidal ways. Khan’s army was forcibly traumatized under maniacal methods as well: “Genghis Khan ordained that the army should be organized in such a way that over ten men should beset one man and he is what we call a captain of ten. [...] When they are in battle, if one or two or even more out of a group of ten run away, all are put to death; and if a whole group of ten flees, the rest of the group of a hundred are all put to death, if they do not flee too. [...] Likewise if one or two or more go forward boldly to the fight, then the rest of the ten are put to death if they do not follow and, if one or more of the ten are captured, their companions are put to death if they do not rescue them.” (doc B) Every group of ten was expected to perform at a homog...
When attacking cities, the mongols often had their prisoners go first, creating a bigger target for them. Also, prisoners were often put to work where they received bone breaking work and brutal beatings. In many cases, the mongols would often bury their prisoners alive head first, or shoot and kill them with a bow and arrow from extremely close range. Sometimes, they would use these punishment as warnings for rivalry tribes, showing them the this is what we do. In the end, they mongols were extremely barbaric with the punishments their prisoners received.
Rossabi, Morris. "Life in China Under Mongol Rule: Religion." The Mongols in World History | Asia
The most important constituent to the Mongols success was ‘a ruthless use of two psychological weapons, loyalty and fear’ (Gascoigne 2010). Ghengis Khan, the Mongol leader from 1206-1227, was merciless and made a guileful contrast in his treatment of nomadic kinsfolk and settled people of cities. For instance, a warrior of a rival tribe who bravely fights against Ghengis Khan and loses will be r...
The Mongols; a vicious and destructive military force, feared throughout its empire and under the rule of one man, Chinggis Khan. This picture of the Mongols and their empire is one often painted by our modern society. However, much of what we think we know about the Mongols has been exaggerated and biased from the point of view of the people that were conquered. In reality, the Mongols, although at times violent and destructive, bore many similarities in tactics and practices to the classical empires that had preceded them. They were not just simple barbaric savages looking to destroy whatever they could. They were a people united for a common purpose, trying to achieve it the same way that prior civilizations had done so: military force. Even though a Western perspective may find the actions of the Mongols objectionable, it must be understood that this was not a Western society, nor did it house the same values as one. The Mongols were not the destructive barbarians they are often made out to be, but rather an effective military force working for unification.
Throughout history, there have been many empires that have shaped the outcome of all life on this world that we live on. Some of the greatest empires in the world, the Roman Empire, the greatest militaristic regime in history, or perhaps we can look towards northern Europe and the British Empire, those who had the capability to control the greatest amount of land mass in history. However there is one thing that even those famed Brits never accomplished. Something only one group in history has managed to do, a group that stands out among a crowd of the greatest people to represent planet earth. The men to strike fear Into the most battle hardened soldiers, the barbarians, the moguls. So what did the Mongols accomplish that was special. They managed to conquer the largest contiguous land mass in the worlds an area that stretched from Egypt to Russia and also to encompass all of China. Doing this they managed to shape the lives of millions of people. from Russia to China and everywhere in between. However most historians agree that China was affected more than any other country by the reign of the Mongols. The effects the Mongolian Empire had on China were large and diverse, and included but not limited to the economic influx due to the increased amount of trade routes and the utilization of the peasant class, the social impact, as all people part of the Mongolian empire flew under one one banner, and finally the technological impact as ideas flourished under the watchful eye of the Mongols.
This story can be summarized by dividing the story into three major sections that represent a genealogy of the Genghis Khan ancestors, the lifestyle of Genghis Khan and the story of Genghis son and Ogodei his successor. This piece of early time’s literature was translated and edited by Jack Weatherford and it was not released until 16th February, 2010. The piece of work restores early history’s most prominent figures to the positions they rightfully deserves. It clears the picture of the nomadic lifestyle of the Mongols and it is rich with information regarding the society of the Mongols in the 12th and the 13th centuries” (Kahn, 2005).
Over the span of a year, from 1212-1213, the Mongols razed some ninety-odd cities to the ground during a massive conquest across northern China. By the end of their expansion the Mongol Empire extended from Korea to modern-day Poland and from Vietnam all the way to Siberia. The empire covered an impressive twenty-two percent of the earth's landmass, or nearly thirteen million miles of land. It may be a surprise to learn that before their expansion across Eurasia, the Mongols were individual tribes, neither numerous nor particularly innovative.
Morris Rossabi. “The Mongol’s Mark on Global History.” The Mongols in World History | Asia
An introduction to the Mongols, the Mongols were a fierce tribe that was believed to take lives of innocent people. They were also lived on horseback, their religion could not be alive without the use of the horse. Similarly, the impact that was left behind from the Mongols, had both a positive and negative impact on the world.
The most obvious influence should be the change of regime. Under the effort of Chinggis’s grandson Khubilai (r. 1260– 1294), the Mongols completed their conquest of Korea and China, while failed at controlling Japan. By enforcing strict and fierce policies on controlled areas, the political effect was rapid and straight – the ‘Han Stream’ was denied, instead, military force was welcomed and praised. Once they had conquered a territory, the Mongols were going to incorporate those they had conquered into their armies and governments, and forced them to accept their way of managing a country. As they were called ‘the horseback nation’, the northern nomadic pastoralists saw military as the only way to conquer a region, even a nation. So violent attack was enforced throughout the conquest rather than conciliation strategy. Under such high-handed policies implementation, the whole society was influenced, including ordinary people’s normal life. The characteristics of their unique military warfare way shaped their determined and brave characteristics. Armed with swords, lances, and javelins, Mongol soldiers had to be able to ride for days without cooking any food; they would carry a supply of dried milk curd and cured meat, which could be supplemented by blood let from the neck of their horses. When time permitted, the soldiers would pause to hunt, adding to their food dogs, wolves, foxes, mice, and rats (pp. 165). Along with the impacts of diet customs, cultural influence was imperceptible but profound, for example, the way Mongols spoke actually is what current Chinese called ‘northern dialect’ (Putong Hua); while before Mongols came, the official language was today’s Cantonese. In addition, new lifestyle was forcibly introduced: traditional long sleeve was transformed into tunic, so as to accustom the habits of the nomadic herdsmen.
How do these things connect? The Mongols Brutal attacks and battle tactics all show how barbaric they were. They never showed mercy to know one. From finding different ways to kill people in the most torturous ways to just killing everyone in their path. This was their way of spreading fear from city to city, ensuring they get what they want. To hold fear in the people around them, killing and spreading fear. This is how Mongols are seen to some
Another reason why the impact of the Mongols was negative is because of the number of deaths they caused. As you know the Mongols were called the Barbarians and this was definitely showed by them. Genghis Khan wanted his army to be as organized as possible. He sectioned his army in many groups. According to document 2, Carpini on Army Organization and Discipline, the soldiers had to stay in their group at all times during battle. They also had to do the job or task given. This is all very respectful for a leader to assign
The Mongols, headed by Genghis Khan, were one of the most influential groups in the old world, conquering the vast lands of Asia, much of Europe, and large areas of land spanning across Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. A rather daunting task, Genghis Khan was able to successfully dominate and conquer these regions with the use of his battle prowess and tactics, which would later be adopted my foreign armies and future conquerors. The Khan was able to achieve this assimilation of land and create an empire all with the use of his trusty horses. Together, Man and Horse, the Mongolian “Hordes” quickly rounded up warring tribes and took over the known world. The tight relationship between the steed and its owner held a since of
"The Mongols in World History | Asia Topics in World History." The Mongols in World History | Asia Topics in World History. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. .