INTRODUCTION In the 1950s a study conducted by cardiologists Meyer Friedman and R.H. Rosenman connected two personality types to heart disease risk.They came up with a theory that best illustrates two opposing personality types Type A and Type B.The types define two sets of behavioral and emotional tendencies, which could raise or lower a person’s chance of acquiring coronary heart disease(CHD) or other health related issues. This paper would mainly focus on the comparison between Type A and Type B personality.Subsequently,this paper would aim on criticism received by the theory connecting personality with the chance of having CHD. FRIEDMAN & ROSENMAN’S LONGITUDINAL STUDY (1974) The study consisted of 3200 participants (all men) .They all were given questionnaires and from their responses and their manner, each participant was put into one of two groups: Type A -they are competitive, ambitious, impatient, aggressive, fast talking Type B-they are relaxed, non-competitive. Eight years later it was observed that 257 of the participants had developed CHD. 70% of these had originally been classed as Type A. The conclusion to be drawn from this study was that there may be a link between behaviour (or personality) with CHD. TYPE A TYPE B COMPARISION Psychologists identified three major components that appear to make up the type A trait.Firstly,type A people have a higher competitive achievement striving than type B people.Type A people work work harder at achievement tasks regardless of outside pressure ,such as deadlines.Secondly,Type A individuals show a sense of time urgency.They feel time is important and shouldn’t be wasted.Whereas Type B people may procrastinate ,Type A’s jump right in.Studies find that Type A students volu... ... middle of paper ... ...ealth problems.According to several research’s ,the hostility component of the Type A behaviour is only the significant risk factor.[ Bunde & Suls,2006;Krantz & McCeney,2002] Statisticians have argued that the original study by Friedman and Rosenman had serious limitations, including large and unequal sample sizes, and less than 1% of the variance in relationship explained by Type A personality.[ http://fileserver.net-texts.com/asset.aspx?dl=no&id=10756] CONCLUSION Despite the criticism faced by the Type theory ,there might be a connection between a personality trait and the chance of getting coronary heart disease.From the initial studies it might be observed that Type A people are more likely to get CHD.But on further research it may be argued that the hostility component alone of the Type A behaviour may be the personality factor increasing the chances of CHD.
...in the diagnosis of histrionic and antisocial personality disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57(2), 301-305.
People who fit into Type A would find themselves becoming annoyed to delays, time where they are unproductive and other inconveniences very quickly compared to the other type. Following on from this Type A people would find themselves in a constant race against time rushing to get things done and don’t like waiting this makes these types of people ‘go-getters’ or people who will not settle and want to
A layman would define personality as an individual’s characteristics in terms of how they think and behave. Many theorists, however, interprets personality differently resulting in various personality theories. Personality is determined by traits which are behaviours displayed by a person in most given situations. How a person reacts to common circumstances may also be used to foresee future behaviours. Traits are then categorized into types that allow easier comparisons to be made between each individual’s attributes. The focus of this paper would be on the biological aspects of personality whereby traits are thought to be inheritable through genetics and associated with the central nervous system. Behavioural genetics are research that makes use of results from studies done on family, twins and adoptions. The findings of how both genes and environment influences personality from the studies will be discussed. Some researchers found possible issues with the representativeness of such studies. The outline of Eysenck’s biological model of personality and arousal, Gray’s BAS/BIS theory and Cloninger’s biological model of personality will further explain the biological effect on personality.
Up until Last Tuesday, I did not know what a personality type was, and thought that the Myers-Briggs test only covered IQ. Fortunately for me, Last Tuesday, September 25th, happened. From there, I learned of 16 personality types, consisting of various combinations of letters forming a group. There are two options per “slot”, limiting the amount of combinations in terms of mathematics. But, that’s a good thing, or else the world would be a chaotic place with there being twice as much, or even more personality types. A typical combination of letters would be something like my combination, “ENFJ”, or “Extroverted Intuitive Who Feels with Judgement”. Yes, they are acronyms, sort of. How the Acronym forms depends
Do you believe that type A/B personality traits influence one’s approach to leadership? I believe my personality influences how I approach leadership, because regardless of what learned or encouraged to better leader, you still polish your own leadership style for what you do every life.
Raymond B. Cattell (1906-1998) studied the personality traits of large groups of people, calling the visible features of their personalities “surface traits.” During his studies, Cattell observed that certain “surface traits” would appear simultaneously in individuals. When Cattell noticed this trend occurring frequently he renamed the group of “surface traits” “source traits”. At the conclusion of his research Cattell identified sixteen “source traits.”
Matthews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2009). Personality traits. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Personality traits can affect success in school and many other long-term outcomes. Traits affect daily moods as well (Feist & Feist, 2009). An individual’s personality may seem unstable from one situation to the next: this means that an individual may be acutely aware of his or her academic work, but not aware of the cleanliness of his home or the working condition of his car (Feist & Feist, 2009). The lack of interest in the cleanliness of the home and the working order of the car may be from any number of factors, but it still points out that his trait of being conscientious is situational. A person’s disposition will only affect his behavior under certain conditions or in specific situations (Feist & Feist, 2009). This observation seems to suggest that an individual’s perceptions of self and situation play a strong role in behavior, as opposed to personality as the only indicator (Feist & Feist, 2009). Another example of situational changes in personality includes dating. A person that is outgoing and friendly may be shy and reserved when on a date with a new person, or when they around someone they are interested in. This may be because the person wants to make a good impression; it co...
Although it primarily relies on a self report measure, overtime this measurement has been developed and proved quite reliable at determining accurate assessments. The straightforward objective nature of trait theory means it is easily implemented and reasonably intuitive which produces strong, concrete results. Its weakness is that, while strong at categorizing it does not focus on interpretation and analysis. It does not discuss how and why traits develop. It can predict indicators of how people might, or will usually, behave based on their traits however people do not always act according to this.
Here, it must be remembered the close correlation between behavior and
Friedman, H. S., & Schustack, M. W. (2012). Personality: Classic theories and modern research (5th ed). Boston , MA, USA: Pearson
The various ways in which we behave (our behaviors) and the environmental influences can also lead to stress related illnesses. The multi-factorial model breaks down different action in a factor group, if not controlled using a stressor relief system, it can possibly lead to long-term illness. The way in which we express ourselves through our personality can ultimately lead to depression or anxiety, if not both; as well as many other factors within the model in relation to personality. These can all lead to serious illness, possibly fatal illnesses in which we will discuss next within this component.
Personality tests tell a person a lot about why a person is who they have become. I believe that these test if taken truthfully can identify deficiencies that individuals can work on to benefit not only themselves but others in the organizations that they work in. Some models state that it is in human nature and chemicals that decided how a person acts but I believe it is based on life experiences and a personality can change as long as a person knows the deficiencies and works to change them.
Our personality can impact our lives massively in a variety of different ways. Personality and individual differences can affect our health, social relationships, academic and occupational success. Researchers have proposed four likely ways in which personality and health could be linked (Maltby, Day & Macaskill, 2013). There could be a direct link between personality and illness, in that personality traits can cause illness, a correlational link, a mediated link and another direct link, in that illness causes personality change.
As a type A personality I am always on the go, seeking efficiencies in nearly every task, if not attempting to do multiple tasks at once (Robbins & Judge, 2009, p. 114). With high job motivation, I am at the top of my organization able to influence and control the planning and execution of daily events (Robbins & Judge, 2009, p. 220). I am