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Essays on effects of oil drilling
Fracking and its effects
The facts on fracking by susan l. brantley and anna meyendorff
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Gasland is a documentary about a man who is offered money to sell his land for natural gas drilling companies and finds out that people are having problems where natural gas drilling companies are in place. In his journey, he finds out that people are having problems with their water supply, sometimes even far as to be enough to burn. After taking samples from the water, he finds out that it contains toxic chemicals. A proof came out when several fishes, birds and rabbits were found dead around the polluted water.
After the pollution, the companies were confronted by the environmental agencies and they listed chemicals that are used in the drilling process but still refused to list them under the clean water act. The companies said that they
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will replace any water that is polluted and admitted that Natural Gas drilling is a resource that is used as a passage from oil and coal to an ultimate resource that is clean and doesn’t harm the environment. The industries were ignorant and selfish. People who only care about money and use their power to gain more money and power. The way they reacted to the water supply issue was disgraceful. They said they will replace the water that is polluted and sometimes even denying that there is a water pollution to begin with. They refused to be interviewed and give answers to why they are making the live of people miserable. The people working in the industry have reached to the point where they only care about money and power that they don’t care about other people and suffering. Fracking was explicitly made exempt from the Safe Water Drinking Act by a piece of energy legislation passed by Congress called the Energy Policy Act of 2005. This exemption allows drilling and fracking companies to inject unknown and/or toxic materials directly into, below, or adjacent to underground sources of drinking water without reporting the chemicals or the quantities of these chemicals to the government or to the public. This exemption was made by George Bush and his vice president, Dick Cheney. To make matters worse, they released a movie called truthland that is full of lies and about Shelly , a teacher, dairy farmer and mom from northeastern PA.
She goes out to find the actual facts about fracking and the impact on the environment. As the movie goes on, the experts say that the chemicals used in the fracking process don’t go up to the surface, that natural gas poses no threat to the environment-it actually prevents damages caused from strip mining and other methods to get coal- and that Josh Fox misrepresented the oil drilling process, including the fact that it was impossible to frack into an underground water zone. The woman’s voice while she said “experts” and phrases like “I might as go to the best” and “I know which believe it rather than believing some New York reporter who makes movies for a living.” Her voice and the so called “Experts” responses reeks of funding from gas companies. How shameful claiming that she is just a school teacher looking for answers for her kids and assuring herself of the water she is using is safe. Several people claimed that they had no problems with the gas companies drilling and some say that their water was contaminated with methane when there is no drilling involved. To make it more believable, one person lighted his sink when there was no drilling around and a person blew the sturdy construction off from the whole and it came out intact. In the movie, Lisa Jackson, the head of the EPA says that fracking has not caused any problems that people say it did and it is clean but it requires smart regulation and responsible companies. To make matters worse, the movie showed reports of improper
tests. The director of the movie FrackNation, a movie directed by Phelim McAleer in response to GasLand, tends to be more believable since it was started on kickstarter and not funded by gas companies. On the website, fracknation.com, It’s stated that “FrackNation was funded by 3,305 backers on Kickstarter who generously donated $212,265 to have us investigate the truth about fracking. All funds from oil and gas companies or their executives were explicitly rejected. FrackNation is a film by the people, for the people.” At the end of the movie, TruthLand, there is a scene where Phelim McAleer asks Josh Fox that her knew that water was burning well before fracking started but didn’t include them in his show, Josh Fox simply said “Yes, but that is not relevant.”The whole movie leans to one side much like GasLand but the woman in the movie doesn’t attack any people involved in the movie but only the director, Josh Fox, saying he knew burning water has nothing to do with water all along.
The main problem was lead, with seven well samples showing positive. The calcium and nitrates both had four samples showing positive. Hydrocarbons had 3 samples showing positive. Heavy metals have two positives,and bacteria have only 1 positive. Many men, women, and children are getting sick from horrible water pollution and some of the water pollutants cause cancer!
Significance: Right now, The United States of America languishes in an economic decline. Jobs are being lost. Drilling in the ANWR will create hundreds of thousands of jobs. Also, 80% of Alaska’s state revenues are oil. With the North Slope oil fields in decline, Alaskans could lose jobs. Drilling in the ANWR will create jobs for Alaskans. As Jennie Wodkowski, who has lived in Alaska for 34 years said, “Oil’s important. We don’t have anything else going on here.”
In the video “Fracking Hell: The Untold Story” by Link TV explains how natural gas has been a huge problem not only for the earth in general but for everyone and everything living in it. The video explains how North East of Pennsylvania is having difficulties to conserve a healthy environment and people. North East of Pennsylvania is the main sources to extract gas and send it throughout the United States for gasoline and so on. However, this action is wonderful for the cost of gas, but has a huge impact on the environment and the people living in Pennsylvania. A lot of people in this state are worried having health issues because everything is not usable is being thrown out to the rivers where they get their fresh water.
Then rupture the layer of sediment with high pressures of water, sand and a plethora of chemicals. Once the chemicals are saturated in the crevices of the drill site, they extract the excess fluid and then ship them to market. The process of hydrofracking allows for a new source of renewable energy, but it takes a toll on the environment. Five-hundred plus of toxic chemicals like hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride and formic acid are left in the ground.
The documentary ‘Gasland” is a telling tale of the terrible consequences of natural gas mining in the US. The filmmaker, Josh Fox, travels around the country visiting different homes that are in very close proximity of natural gas drilling sites after receiving a $100,000 offer from a natural gas company to use his land as a drilling site . The film focuses on how the drilling sites not only leave ugly scars on the land, but also the horrendous health problems people get from drinking the contaminated groundwater.
Current research, in the field of public health, is looking at the adverse health effects of hydraulic fracturing on community members. This research is focused on looking for evidence-based research in processes, procedures, materials and cleanup from drilling and running a well. In recent years, several states such as Maryland and New York, have called for special advisory commissions to examine the potential adverse health implications for the community if the moratoriums are lifted and fracturing is allowed to start. A lot of the previous research conducted focused on the anecdotal perspective of the adverse health effects. This perspective does not offer scientific verification that the fracturing processes are causing them or evidence where the contaminations are coming from.
The people who are being asked permission to transform their land into drilling sites for natural gas have more reason to be concerned than most because it will affect them more directly than people who do not live in that specific area (although it does affect people who do not live in the vicinity as well). Although fracking may seem to concern to only a small group of people, it should also concern anyone who cares about doing what is safe for our country's citizens. The truth is, fracking is extremely dangerous, not only because of the negative effects on the environment, but also because it could make people ill.
“How can you buy or sell the sky-the warmth of the land? The idea is strange to us. Yet we do not own the freshness of air or the sparkle of the water. How can you buy them from us? We will decide in our time” (Chief Seattle: 1855). In the Documentary “Flow – for the love of water” it visualizes the global crisis we face on Mother’s Earth as it pertains to the diminishing of fresh water. The Documentary portrays along with the help of experts that this global crises is affecting each and every one of us in today’s society including animals. The film shows us that water is constantly being wasted, polluted, and privatized by big co operations. Prime examples of these greedy companies were mentioned in the film such as Nestle, Thames, Suez, Vivendi, Coca Cola and Pepsi.
Ever since the process of hydraulic fracturing—or fracking—made its entrance to the oil industry, issues and problems surrounding the process have become a common occurrence. Fracking is the controversial process of horizontal drilling (see fig. 1), where millions of gallons of water mixed with sand and chemicals are pumped deep into an oil well to extract natural gas from the earth’s crust (Ehrenberg 20). This practice has even been banned in some places (see fig. 1). The methane that comes out of the earth and the water used—called fracking fluid—has the potential to cause problems with local ground water supplies. Whether or not fracking is the cause of these problems, concern should be observed during the fracking process to reduce the chances of water contamination among residential areas.
Fracking can cause harm to people, animals, and nature. When they drill into the ground they are pumping chemicals to extract the gas and oil, and this contaminates the water sources around it. “An editorial on gas extraction from the Marcellus Shale in the Post-Star, a newspaper in Glens Falls, New York, contends, “New York state simply can’t take the risk. There are plenty of places to find fuel. It’s not so easy to find a new water supply for 17 million people.”” (Hydrofracking
Fracking is quickly becoming a debatable topic in our society today. The practice involves injecting fluid into the ground to fracture rock in order to release natural gas. It sounds like it would be a safe way to harness fuels in the earth’s surface, but it actually is a danger to our environment. Because of the dangers of fracking, what little fresh water remains on earth is being contaminated. It is also releasing toxins into the airs creating contaminated air and acid rain. Because of the many health and environmental dangers of fracking, it should be stopped immediately to help prevent more worldwide health issues down the road.
Large amounts of ethylene glycol can be deadly. While many say that the 0.5% amount of chemicals used is such a small amount, they are traceable amounts. Additionally, drilling companies are supposed to treat the fracking fluid before it is injected into the ground, left to dissipate, or released into surface water. The EPA claims that flowback is properly treated before it is disposed of, and that it is regulated by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. After treatment, the EPA Underground Injection Control program regulates the flowback being injected underground to dispose of it (epa.gov., 2012).
Natural Gas - The process of getting natural gas through drilling might cause the groundwater to be contaminated. The way that transport natural gas might disturb the environment
Imagine a world where fresh and clear water was a luxury. Imagine water so contaminated with chemicals that every plant it comes into contact with dies. As the trees begin to die, oxygen levels drop. As the vegetation dies, wildlife begins to die out. The polluted water which flows through the ground into wells causes instant contamination. As the water flows out of the sink, one can strike a match and light the liquid on fire. Showering in these chemicals is out of the question. Fresh water has become a comfort, rather than a given. Could planet Earth survive this existence? If hydraulic fracturing, otherwise known as fracking, were deemed legal, this question may be put to the test. Fracking is a process in which chemicals, sand and water are used in “high volumes… to fracture gas-bearing layers of rock” (Dolesh 2). As the rock breaks, natural gas is released and then collected to be used as energy. The United States is currently sitting on a gold mine of natural gas which could stimulate our ever declining economy. The question is what price are we willing to pay for a temporary fix? Fracking is a dangerous process that should be deemed illegal due to its harmful short and long-term environmental effects.
Numerous reports have been given on the dangerous affects of hydraulic fracturing. One such affect that has been noticed is that drinking water wells near the fracturing sites have been contaminated. During the hydro-fracking process, injected fluids that help to break and keep open the rock bed where the natural gas is kept, have “been known to travel three thousand feet from the well (Goldman).” This fluid could have the potential to enter and contaminate any water well for homes around hydraulic fracturing sites. This incident is one of the major problems that people want to figure out and know about before they allow a fracturing site by them. It has been the most feared outcome of having a fracking site nearby, and it is highly appropriate. One site in Wyoming had this happen, “…in August, EPA reported that eleven of thirty-nine drinking-water wells near a Wyoming hydraulic fracturing operation were contaminated with chemicals used in the fracturing process (Hobson EPA).” In Pennsylvania, another such case occurred, “There have already been severe pollution cases in Pennsylvania, mo...